Exam 8: Internal and External Validity

Changes in participants that occur over time during an experiment are referred to as

Because the laboratory is such an artificial environment, it is sometimes referred to as a(n)

When diffusion of treatment occurs, the researcher effectively no longer has a(n) ________ variable.

Research on racial attitudes from the 1950s may not generalize to present-day attitudes. This research exhibits low

Ginger conducts a study on infant attachment in the United States and assumes that her results would be applicable around the world. Ginger is exhibiting

Psychologists often use college students enrolled in introductory psychology courses as participants. This is referred to as a

Ebbinghaus's research in which he memorized large numbers of nonsense syllables was not applicable to people who learned small numbers of nonsense syllables. Ebbinghaus's research represents

In general, which has higher internal validity: experiments or correlational studies? Why?

Define external validity and describe four threats to external validity.

Describe the internal validity threat of maturation and give an example.

A threat to external validity caused by an experimental situation that alters participants' behavior, regardless of the independent variable involved, is known as

DV measurements that do not influence the DV being measured are known as

________ refers to a threat to internal validity that can occur if the experimental participants from different groups drop out of the experiment at different rates.

Describe the internal validity threat of history and give an example.

Tad takes the SAT twice and his scores improve by a few points the second time. Tad's improvement is most likely due to

Sharon hopes that the results of her study generalize beyond the participants in her study. Sharon is concerned about ___________ generalization.

A researcher should evaluate _________ validity prior to __________ validity.

Sasha conducts a study to compare self-esteem in American versus Swedish school children. She assesses the children at ages 5, 7, and 9. Which of the following interactions is most likely?