Question 1

Josh compares men versus women on memory performance. Josh is using a(n) __________ independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus 
B)  experience 
C)  participant 
D)  physiological 
A)  stimulus 
B)  experience 
C)  participant 
D)  physiological

Question 2

_________ counterbalancing means that all possible treatment sequences are presented.

Accepted Answer

A)  Total 
B)  Differential 
C)  Incomplete 
D)  Complete 
A)  Total 
B)  Differential 
C)  Incomplete 
D)  Complete

Question 3

How have the authors used randomization in this study?

Accepted Answer

Each participant had an equal chance of

Question 4

An extraneous variable is most similar to a(n) ________ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  reliable 
D)  valid 
A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  reliable 
D)  valid

Question 5

Describe the control technique of elimination and give an example.

Accepted Answer

The control technique of elimination inv

Question 6

___________ is a procedure for controlling order effects by presenting different treatment sequences.

Accepted Answer

A)  Elimination 
B)  Randomization 
C)  Counterbalancing 
D)  Constancy 
A)  Elimination 
B)  Randomization 
C)  Counterbalancing 
D)  Constancy

Question 7

An extraneous variable influences the difference __________ groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  within 
B)  between 
C)  both within and between 
D)  None of the above; extraneous variables do not influence groups in an experiment. 
A)  within 
B)  between 
C)  both within and between 
D)  None of the above; extraneous variables do not influence groups in an experiment.

Question 8

When the position of a treatment in a series determines, in part, the participants' responses, the researcher is dealing with

Accepted Answer

A)  order effects. 
B)  incomplete counterbalancing. 
C)  constancy. 
D)  nuisance variables. 
A)  order effects. 
B)  incomplete counterbalancing. 
C)  constancy. 
D)  nuisance variables.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the guidelines for within-group counterbalancing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each participant must experience each condition more than once. 
B)  Each treatment must be presented to each participant an equal number of times. 
C)  Each treatment must occur an equal number of times at each testing or practice session. 
D)  Each treatment must precede and follow each of the other treatments an equal number of times. 
A)  Each participant must experience each condition more than once. 
B)  Each treatment must be presented to each participant an equal number of times. 
C)  Each treatment must occur an equal number of times at each testing or practice session. 
D)  Each treatment must precede and follow each of the other treatments an equal number of times.

Question 10

Which of the following control techniques is most applicable to studies in which the participants are in all the conditions of the experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  elimination 
B)  randomization 
C)  counterbalancing 
D)  constancy 
A)  elimination 
B)  randomization 
C)  counterbalancing 
D)  constancy

Question 11

Describe counterbalancing and when it is needed. Briefly contrast the two types of counterbalancing: within-subject counterbalancing and within-group counterbalancing.

Accepted Answer

Counterbalancing is a technique used in

Question 12

Tara compared first-graders and second-graders in number of words they remembered correctly. What kind of dependent variable is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  degree or amount 
B)  rate or frequency 
C)  correctness 
D)  latency or duration 
A)  degree or amount 
B)  rate or frequency 
C)  correctness 
D)  latency or duration

Question 13

Susan conducts a study to determine which method is most effective in treating depression. Each participant receives two months of behavioral therapy, two months of cognitive therapy, and two months of humanistic therapy using a completely counterbalanced design. Susan finds that whatever type of therapy is last produces the most benefits. Susan has encountered a problem known as

Accepted Answer

A)  experimenter bias. 
B)  order effects. 
C)  demand characteristics. 
D)  social desirability. 
A)  experimenter bias. 
B)  order effects. 
C)  demand characteristics. 
D)  social desirability.

Question 14

Nuisance variables make it ________ to see the differences between groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  easier 
B)  harder 
C)  sometimes easier and sometimes harder 
D)  None of the above; nuisance variables do not affect differences between groups. 
A)  easier 
B)  harder 
C)  sometimes easier and sometimes harder 
D)  None of the above; nuisance variables do not affect differences between groups.

Question 15

Dennis would like to conduct a study in which participants taste five different brands of jam and decide which one they like best. To control for order effects, Dennis should use

Accepted Answer

A)  constancy. 
B)  randomization. 
C)  elimination. 
D)  counterbalancing. 
A)  constancy. 
B)  randomization. 
C)  elimination. 
D)  counterbalancing.

Question 16

Explain the effect of a nuisance variables in an experiment.

Accepted Answer

Nuisance variables in an experiment can

Question 17

What is incomplete counterbalancing? Describe at least one advantage and one disadvantage of incomplete counterbalancing.

Accepted Answer

Incomplete counterbalancing is a method

Question 18

_________ is a control technique in which an extraneous variable is reduced to a single value that is experienced by all participants.

Accepted Answer

A)  Balancing 
B)  Counterbalancing 
C)  Elimination 
D)  Constancy 
A)  Balancing 
B)  Counterbalancing 
C)  Elimination 
D)  Constancy

Question 19

What is within-group counterbalancing? Briefly describe the three requirements of within-group counterbalancing.

Accepted Answer

Within-group counterbalancing is a metho

Question 20

When researchers manipulate some aspect of the environment, they are using a(n) ________ independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological 
B)  stimulus 
C)  experience 
D)  participant 
A)  physiological 
B)  stimulus 
C)  experience 
D)  participant

Josh compares men versus women on memory performance. Josh is using a(n) __________ independent variable.

_________ counterbalancing means that all possible treatment sequences are presented.

How have the authors used randomization in this study?

An extraneous variable is most similar to a(n) ________ variable.

Describe the control technique of elimination and give an example.

___________ is a procedure for controlling order effects by presenting different treatment sequences.

An extraneous variable influences the difference __________ groups.

When the position of a treatment in a series determines, in part, the participants' responses, the researcher is dealing with

Which of the following is NOT one of the guidelines for within-group counterbalancing?

Which of the following control techniques is most applicable to studies in which the participants are in all the conditions of the experiment?

Describe counterbalancing and when it is needed. Briefly contrast the two types of counterbalancing: within-subject counterbalancing and within-group counterbalancing.

Tara compared first-graders and second-graders in number of words they remembered correctly. What kind of dependent variable is this?

Nuisance variables make it ________ to see the differences between groups.

Dennis would like to conduct a study in which participants taste five different brands of jam and decide which one they like best. To control for order effects, Dennis should use

Explain the effect of a nuisance variables in an experiment.

What is incomplete counterbalancing? Describe at least one advantage and one disadvantage of incomplete counterbalancing.

_________ is a control technique in which an extraneous variable is reduced to a single value that is experienced by all participants.

What is within-group counterbalancing? Briefly describe the three requirements of within-group counterbalancing.

When researchers manipulate some aspect of the environment, they are using a(n) ________ independent variable.

Psychological Research and the Research Methods Course

Developing a Good Research Idea and Conducting an Ethical Project

Qualitative Research Methods

Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies

Using the Scientific Method in Psychology

Conducting a Good Experiment Ii: Final Considerations, Unanticipated Influences, and Cross-Cultural Issues

Internal and External Validity

Using Statistics to Answer Questions

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With More Than Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Multiple Independent Variables

Alternative Research Designs

Writing and Assembling an Apa-Format Research Report

Filters

Exam 6: Conducting a Good Experiment I: Variables and Control

Josh compares men versus women on memory performance. Josh is using a(n) __________ independent variable.

_________ counterbalancing means that all possible treatment sequences are presented.

How have the authors used randomization in this study?

An extraneous variable is most similar to a(n) ________ variable.

Describe the control technique of elimination and give an example.

___________ is a procedure for controlling order effects by presenting different treatment sequences.

An extraneous variable influences the difference __________ groups.

When the position of a treatment in a series determines, in part, the participants' responses, the researcher is dealing with

Which of the following is NOT one of the guidelines for within-group counterbalancing?

Which of the following control techniques is most applicable to studies in which the participants are in all the conditions of the experiment?

Describe counterbalancing and when it is needed. Briefly contrast the two types of counterbalancing: within-subject counterbalancing and within-group counterbalancing.

Tara compared first-graders and second-graders in number of words they remembered correctly. What kind of dependent variable is this?

Nuisance variables make it ________ to see the differences between groups.

Dennis would like to conduct a study in which participants taste five different brands of jam and decide which one they like best. To control for order effects, Dennis should use

Explain the effect of a nuisance variables in an experiment.

What is incomplete counterbalancing? Describe at least one advantage and one disadvantage of incomplete counterbalancing.

_________ is a control technique in which an extraneous variable is reduced to a single value that is experienced by all participants.

What is within-group counterbalancing? Briefly describe the three requirements of within-group counterbalancing.

When researchers manipulate some aspect of the environment, they are using a(n) ________ independent variable.

Psychological Research and the Research Methods Course

Developing a Good Research Idea and Conducting an Ethical Project

Qualitative Research Methods

Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies

Using the Scientific Method in Psychology

Conducting a Good Experiment Ii: Final Considerations, Unanticipated Influences, and Cross-Cultural Issues

Internal and External Validity

Using Statistics to Answer Questions

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With More Than Two Groups

Designing, Conducting, Analyzing, and Interpreting Experiments With Multiple Independent Variables

Alternative Research Designs

Writing and Assembling an Apa-Format Research Report

Filters