Question 1

Viruses are shed slowly and steadily during

Accepted Answer

A)  oncogenesis. 
B)  lytic replication. 
C)  latency. 
D)  budding. 
E)  lysogenic infection. 
A)  oncogenesis. 
B)  lytic replication. 
C)  latency. 
D)  budding. 
E)  lysogenic infection.

Question 2

In what ways do viruses differ from other pathogens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses are composed of protein only. 
B)  Viruses have no protein structure. 
C)  Viruses lack genetic material. 
D)  Viruses are composed of both protein and lipid. 
E)  Viruses lack cytoplasm and organelles. 
A)  Viruses are composed of protein only. 
B)  Viruses have no protein structure. 
C)  Viruses lack genetic material. 
D)  Viruses are composed of both protein and lipid. 
E)  Viruses lack cytoplasm and organelles.

Question 3

A cell is infected with a virus carrying an oncogene sequence in its genome. What process may occur if the oncogene is expressed in the infected cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  neoplasia 
B)  lysogeny 
C)  lysis 
D)  latency 
E)  both lysis and neoplasia 
A)  neoplasia 
B)  lysogeny 
C)  lysis 
D)  latency 
E)  both lysis and neoplasia

Question 4

Viroids infect

Accepted Answer

A)  plants. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  fungi. 
D)  plants and animals. 
E)  all organisms. 
A)  plants. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  fungi. 
D)  plants and animals. 
E)  all organisms.

Question 5

A (colony/plaque) is a clear zone on a bacterial lawn where cells have been killed by the activity of a bacteriophage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A (colony/plaque) is a clear zone on...

Question 6

Why is the synthesis of mRNA a central issue for all viruses? How do different types of viruses achieve this goal?

Accepted Answer

One way in which a virus gains control o

Question 7

Fertilized chicken eggs are used to culture some vaccine strains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Virus infection is initiated by the specific (fit/affinity/interaction) between proteins on the surface of a virion the surface of the target cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Virus infection is initiated by the specific...

Question 9

Plaque assays are used for

Accepted Answer

A)  determine the density of phage in a culture. 
B)  the study of prions. 
C)  evaluating the cancer- causing ability of a virus. 
D)  cultivating viruses that cannot be grown any other way. 
E)  counting the number of latent phages in a cell. 
A)  determine the density of phage in a culture. 
B)  the study of prions. 
C)  evaluating the cancer- causing ability of a virus. 
D)  cultivating viruses that cannot be grown any other way. 
E)  counting the number of latent phages in a cell.

Question 10

Which of the following types of animal virus requires RNA- dependent RNA transcriptase to be replicated?

Accepted Answer

A)  +ssRNA viruses 
B)  ssDNA viruses 
C)  dsDNA viruses 
D)  - ssRNA viruses 
E)  retroviruses 
A)  +ssRNA viruses 
B)  ssDNA viruses 
C)  dsDNA viruses 
D)  - ssRNA viruses 
E)  retroviruses

Question 11

Which of the following membranes can give rise to a viral envelope?

Accepted Answer

A)  the nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes 
B)  the nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes and the endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  the nuclear membrane 
D)  the endoplasmic reticulum 
E)  the cytoplasmic membrane 
A)  the nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes 
B)  the nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes and the endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  the nuclear membrane 
D)  the endoplasmic reticulum 
E)  the cytoplasmic membrane

Question 12

An animal virus that does not have an envelope is described as a(n) (naked/unenveloped/capsid) virion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An animal virus that does not have...

Question 13

Zones of clearing in cell cultures that are the result of virus infection are called plaques. Sometimes "cloudy plaques" are seen on bacterial cultures infected with bacteriophage. What type of viral infection might cause this appearance?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysogenic 
B)  viroid 
C)  lytic 
D)  transducing 
E)  prion 
A)  lysogenic 
B)  viroid 
C)  lytic 
D)  transducing 
E)  prion

Question 14

Which of the following places stages of a lytic replication cycle in order, from earliest to latest stages?

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, III, V, IV 
B)  III, V, I, II, IV 
C)  I, III, V, II, IV 
D)  V, III, II, IV, I 
E)  III, II, V, I, IV 
A)  I, II, III, V, IV 
B)  III, V, I, II, IV 
C)  I, III, V, II, IV 
D)  V, III, II, IV, I 
E)  III, II, V, I, IV

Question 15

Which of the following statements comparing virus classification and taxonomy of organisms is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both viruses and organisms are organized into domains. 
B)  Only families are common to both viral classification and organism taxonomy. 
C)  The common names of viruses are their genus and species epithet, as they are with organisms. 
D)  Genus and specific epithet are used in both classification systems. 
E)  Both viruses and organisms are organized into classes. 
A)  Both viruses and organisms are organized into domains. 
B)  Only families are common to both viral classification and organism taxonomy. 
C)  The common names of viruses are their genus and species epithet, as they are with organisms. 
D)  Genus and specific epithet are used in both classification systems. 
E)  Both viruses and organisms are organized into classes.

Question 16

A is a mass of neoplastic cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  tumor 
B)  metastasis 
C)  plaque 
D)  diploid culture 
E)  gall 
A)  tumor 
B)  metastasis 
C)  plaque 
D)  diploid culture 
E)  gall

Question 17

Host specificity of a virus is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  differences in size between the virus and the host cell. 
B)  the presence of an envelope. 
C)  the presence or absence of a cell wall on the host cell. 
D)  particular genes that it shares with the infected cell. 
E)  interactions between viral and cellular surface molecules. 
A)  differences in size between the virus and the host cell. 
B)  the presence of an envelope. 
C)  the presence or absence of a cell wall on the host cell. 
D)  particular genes that it shares with the infected cell. 
E)  interactions between viral and cellular surface molecules.

Question 18

Prions are composed of a single protein called (plaque/BSE/PrP).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prions are composed of a single protein...

Question 19

Which of the following statements regarding virus taxonomy is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Virus classes are based on the domain of the host organism. 
B)  The species epithet is a Latin descriptor of the virion structure. 
C)  Virus classes are well established. 
D)  Viruses are classified on the basis of the taxonomy of their host organisms. 
E)  Some virus family names are derived from the name of an important member of the family. 
A)  Virus classes are based on the domain of the host organism. 
B)  The species epithet is a Latin descriptor of the virion structure. 
C)  Virus classes are well established. 
D)  Viruses are classified on the basis of the taxonomy of their host organisms. 
E)  Some virus family names are derived from the name of an important member of the family.

Question 20

All members of a virus family have the same type of genome structure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Viruses are shed slowly and steadily during

In what ways do viruses differ from other pathogens?

A cell is infected with a virus carrying an oncogene sequence in its genome. What process may occur if the oncogene is expressed in the infected cell?

Viroids infect

A (colony/plaque) is a clear zone on a bacterial lawn where cells have been killed by the activity of a bacteriophage.

Why is the synthesis of mRNA a central issue for all viruses? How do different types of viruses achieve this goal?

Fertilized chicken eggs are used to culture some vaccine strains.

Virus infection is initiated by the specific (fit/affinity/interaction) between proteins on the surface of a virion the surface of the target cell.

Plaque assays are used for

Which of the following types of animal virus requires RNA- dependent RNA transcriptase to be replicated?

Which of the following membranes can give rise to a viral envelope?

An animal virus that does not have an envelope is described as a(n) (naked/unenveloped/capsid) virion.

Zones of clearing in cell cultures that are the result of virus infection are called plaques. Sometimes "cloudy plaques" are seen on bacterial cultures infected with bacteriophage. What type of viral infection might cause this appearance?

Which of the following places stages of a lytic replication cycle in order, from earliest to latest stages?

Which of the following statements comparing virus classification and taxonomy of organisms is true?

A is a mass of neoplastic cells.

Host specificity of a virus is due to

Prions are composed of a single protein called (plaque/BSE/PrP).

Which of the following statements regarding virus taxonomy is true?

All members of a virus family have the same type of genome structure.

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant Dna Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Infection, Infectious Disease, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic Dna Viruses

Pathogenic Rna Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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