Question 1

fi- lactamase production is an example of which of the following types of resistance?

Accepted Answer

A)  change in the permeability of the drug 
B)  alteration of the target of the drug 
C)  overproduction of an enzyme in a key metabolic pathway 
D)  removal of the drug via a pump 
E)  inactivation of the drug 
A)  change in the permeability of the drug 
B)  alteration of the target of the drug 
C)  overproduction of an enzyme in a key metabolic pathway 
D)  removal of the drug via a pump 
E)  inactivation of the drug E

Question 2

Secondary infections that result from the killing of some of the normal microbiota are called (antagonism/superinfections/resistance).

Accepted Answer

superinfections

Question 3

Antisense nucleic acids are designed to have no side effects against humans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Because all cells engage in protein synthesis, there are few antimicrobial drugs that selectively inhibit this process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of selective toxicity?

Accepted Answer

A)  To be effective, an antimicrobial agent must be more toxic to the patient than the pathogen. 
B)  Selective toxicity takes advantage of metabolic differences between host and pathogen. 
C)  Antimicrobial agents must target structural differences between host and pathogen and be more toxic to the patient than the pathogen. 
D)  Selective toxicity takes advantage of structural and/or metabolic differences between host and pathogen. 
E)  Selective toxicity takes advantage of structural differences between host and pathogen. 
A)  To be effective, an antimicrobial agent must be more toxic to the patient than the pathogen. 
B)  Selective toxicity takes advantage of metabolic differences between host and pathogen. 
C)  Antimicrobial agents must target structural differences between host and pathogen and be more toxic to the patient than the pathogen. 
D)  Selective toxicity takes advantage of structural and/or metabolic differences between host and pathogen. 
E)  Selective toxicity takes advantage of structural differences between host and pathogen.

Question 6

The cooperative activity of drugs such as beta- lactam antibiotics and clavulanic acid, a fi- lactamase inhibitor, is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  selective toxicity. 
B)  synergism. 
C)  antimetabolism. 
D)  chemotherapy. 
E)  cross resistance. 
A)  selective toxicity. 
B)  synergism. 
C)  antimetabolism. 
D)  chemotherapy. 
E)  cross resistance.

Question 7

Bacillus licheniformis secretes a compound that inhibits the growth of other Gram- positive bacteria. This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  porin. 
B)  toxin. 
C)  antibiotic. 
D)  analog. 
E)  chemotherapeutic. 
A)  porin. 
B)  toxin. 
C)  antibiotic. 
D)  analog. 
E)  chemotherapeutic.

Question 8

Examine the diffusion susceptibility plate results shown in this figure. Propose an explanation for the appearance of the zone around the AM/10 disk, and discuss the implications for therapeutic use of this antibiotic for the pathogen tested.

Accepted Answer

The ring of colonies within the outermos

Question 9

A drug is structurally similar to PABA and inhibits folic acid synthesis. It is most likely a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  azole. 
B)  nucleic acid analog. 
C)  tetracycline. 
D)  penicillin. 
E)  sulfonamide. 
A)  azole. 
B)  nucleic acid analog. 
C)  tetracycline. 
D)  penicillin. 
E)  sulfonamide.

Question 10

Drugs that slow down bacterial growth would be (competitive/synergistic/antagonistic) to penicillin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Drugs that slow down bacterial growth would...

Question 11

Infection of the would be the hardest to treat with antimicrobial drugs.

Accepted Answer

A)  kidneys 
B)  colon 
C)  liver 
D)  brain 
E)  heart 
A)  kidneys 
B)  colon 
C)  liver 
D)  brain 
E)  heart

Question 12

Which of the following pathways is specifically inhibited by sulfonamides?

Accepted Answer

A)  the conversion of PABA to tetrahydrofolic acid 
B)  the conversion of PABA to dihydrofolic acid 
C)  the conversion of dihydrofolic acid to PABA 
D)  the conversion of tetrahydrofolic acid to PABA 
E)  the conversion of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid 
A)  the conversion of PABA to tetrahydrofolic acid 
B)  the conversion of PABA to dihydrofolic acid 
C)  the conversion of dihydrofolic acid to PABA 
D)  the conversion of tetrahydrofolic acid to PABA 
E)  the conversion of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid

Question 13

The antimicrobial polymyxin

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits protein synthesis. 
B)  disrupts cytoplasmic membranes. 
C)  inhibits cell wall synthesis. 
D)  blocks a metabolic pathway. 
E)  inhibits nucleic acid synthesis. 
A)  inhibits protein synthesis. 
B)  disrupts cytoplasmic membranes. 
C)  inhibits cell wall synthesis. 
D)  blocks a metabolic pathway. 
E)  inhibits nucleic acid synthesis.

Question 14

Which of the following is a measurement associated with the broth dilution test?

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of turbidity 
B)  cell lysis 
C)  lack of turbidity and zone of inhibition 
D)  presence of turbidity and cell lysis 
E)  the zone of inhibition 
A)  lack of turbidity 
B)  cell lysis 
C)  lack of turbidity and zone of inhibition 
D)  presence of turbidity and cell lysis 
E)  the zone of inhibition

Question 15

Which of the following antibiotics disrupts cytoplasmic membrane function?

Accepted Answer

A)  streptomycin 
B)  amphotericin B 
C)  erythromycin 
D)  tetracycline 
E)  penicillin 
A)  streptomycin 
B)  amphotericin B 
C)  erythromycin 
D)  tetracycline 
E)  penicillin

Question 16

Which of the following type of antimicrobial agent has the narrowest spectrum of action?

Accepted Answer

A)  erythromycins 
B)  antivirals 
C)  azoles 
D)  sulphonamides 
E)  Both azoles and erythromycins have equally narrow spectrums of action. 
A)  erythromycins 
B)  antivirals 
C)  azoles 
D)  sulphonamides 
E)  Both azoles and erythromycins have equally narrow spectrums of action.

Question 17

The ratio of a medication's dose that can be tolerated to its effective dose is the therapeutic (range/index) of the medication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ratio of a medication's dose that...

Question 18

Which of the following drugs inhibits nucleic acid synthesis specifically in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  actinomycin 
B)  5- fluorocytosine 
C)  rifampin 
D)  quinolones 
E)  tetracycline 
A)  actinomycin 
B)  5- fluorocytosine 
C)  rifampin 
D)  quinolones 
E)  tetracycline

Question 19

Medications administered intravenously can provide much higher effective concentrations than other delivery methods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The antimicrobials called quinolones act by

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting cell wall synthesis. 
B)  disrupting cytoplasmic membranes. 
C)  inhibiting protein synthesis. 
D)  inhibiting a metabolic pathway. 
E)  inhibiting DNA replication. 
A)  inhibiting cell wall synthesis. 
B)  disrupting cytoplasmic membranes. 
C)  inhibiting protein synthesis. 
D)  inhibiting a metabolic pathway. 
E)  inhibiting DNA replication.

Exam 10: Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

fi- lactamase production is an example of which of the following types of resistance?

Secondary infections that result from the killing of some of the normal microbiota are called (antagonism/superinfections/resistance).

Antisense nucleic acids are designed to have no side effects against humans.

Because all cells engage in protein synthesis, there are few antimicrobial drugs that selectively inhibit this process.

Which of the following statements is true of selective toxicity?

The cooperative activity of drugs such as beta- lactam antibiotics and clavulanic acid, a fi- lactamase inhibitor, is known as

Bacillus licheniformis secretes a compound that inhibits the growth of other Gram- positive bacteria. This is an example of a(n)

Examine the diffusion susceptibility plate results shown in this figure. Propose an explanation for the appearance of the zone around the AM/10 disk, and discuss the implications for therapeutic use of this antibiotic for the pathogen tested.

A drug is structurally similar to PABA and inhibits folic acid synthesis. It is most likely a(n)

Drugs that slow down bacterial growth would be (competitive/synergistic/antagonistic) to penicillin.

Infection of the would be the hardest to treat with antimicrobial drugs.

Which of the following pathways is specifically inhibited by sulfonamides?

The antimicrobial polymyxin

Which of the following is a measurement associated with the broth dilution test?

Which of the following antibiotics disrupts cytoplasmic membrane function?

Which of the following type of antimicrobial agent has the narrowest spectrum of action?

The ratio of a medication's dose that can be tolerated to its effective dose is the therapeutic (range/index) of the medication.

Which of the following drugs inhibits nucleic acid synthesis specifically in prokaryotes?

Medications administered intravenously can provide much higher effective concentrations than other delivery methods.

The antimicrobials called quinolones act by

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant Dna Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Disease, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic Dna Viruses

Pathogenic Rna Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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