Question 1

The goals of recombinant DNA technology include production of new organisms with useful combinations of traits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Explain what a transgenic organism is, and give two examples.

Accepted Answer

A transgenic organism is one that contains genes from other organisms. These genes usually add some special ability or function to the organism. Agriculture offers many examples of transgenic organisms. Soybeans have been engineered to contain glyphosate- resistance genes, and other crops have been engineered to grow well in soil with high salt concentrations. Plants have been modified to be resistant to naturally occurring microbial diseases. Still other plants have been engineered to contain the gene for Bt toxin, a bacterial toxin that kills insect pests that would otherwise feed on and destroy the crop. Not all transgenic organisms represent such extreme genetic modifications, however. Some genetically modified organisms simply represent efforts to improve nutritional content (in the case of plant crops) or to increase food yield (in the case of bovine growth hormone, which is produced by transgenic bacteria and then given to cattle to increase their meat and milk yield).

Question 3

The insertion of foreign DNA directly into a cell's nucleus using a glass micropipet is called (microporation/electroporation/microinjection).

Accepted Answer

microinjection

Question 4

Outline a procedure for producing a useful new recombinant product.

Accepted Answer

Many variations are possible. The answer

Question 5

An effective tool for screening a large number of genetic sequences at once is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  restriction analysis. 
B)  microarray. 
C)  FISH. 
D)  gel electrophoresis. 
E)  cDNA synthesis. 
A)  restriction analysis. 
B)  microarray. 
C)  FISH. 
D)  gel electrophoresis. 
E)  cDNA synthesis.

Question 6

If a researcher used Escherichia coli DNA polymerase instead of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase in the PCR procedure, what would be the result?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication would stop after one cycle. 
B)  DNA replication would occur more slowly than normal. 
C)  DNA replication would occur twice as fast as normal. 
D)  DNA replication would not occur at all. 
E)  Many mistakes would occur. 
A)  DNA replication would stop after one cycle. 
B)  DNA replication would occur more slowly than normal. 
C)  DNA replication would occur twice as fast as normal. 
D)  DNA replication would not occur at all. 
E)  Many mistakes would occur.

Question 7

Genetic (screening/sequencing/cloning) can be used to detect mutant genes associated with genetic diseases in individuals before any clinical symptoms are noted.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genetic (screening/sequencing/cloning) can be used to detect...

Question 8

Two men may be the father of a child. This figure shows the results of a DNA fingerprint analysis to determine paternity. M is the mother, C is the child, A and B are the two men. What is the best interpretation of these results?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neither man is this child's father. 
B)  The man identified as A is probably the father. 
C)  Either man could be this child's father. 
D)  The man identified as B is probably the father. 
E)  Paternity cannot be determined from this data. 
A)  Neither man is this child's father. 
B)  The man identified as A is probably the father. 
C)  Either man could be this child's father. 
D)  The man identified as B is probably the father. 
E)  Paternity cannot be determined from this data.

Question 9

Small RNAs that bind to an mRNA and alter its expression are known as (antisense/probes/restriction) RNAs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Small RNAs that bind to an mRNA...

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a goal of recombinant DNA technology?

Accepted Answer

A)  making it possible to clone humans 
B)  being able to remove or correct damaging traits in humans 
C)  combining genetic material from more than one organism to produce new useful organisms 
D)  creating organisms capable of producing useful products 
E)  eliminating undesirable traits from livestock or crops 
A)  making it possible to clone humans 
B)  being able to remove or correct damaging traits in humans 
C)  combining genetic material from more than one organism to produce new useful organisms 
D)  creating organisms capable of producing useful products 
E)  eliminating undesirable traits from livestock or crops

Question 11

Which of the following procedures would be used to introduce DNA into a single mouse cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Southern blotting 
B)  gene gun 
C)  electroporation 
D)  protoplast fusion 
E)  microinjection 
A)  Southern blotting 
B)  gene gun 
C)  electroporation 
D)  protoplast fusion 
E)  microinjection

Question 12

Discuss one of the pros and cons regarding the application of recombinant DNA technology.

Accepted Answer

One of the pros of the application of re

Question 13

Restriction enzymes are useful only on synthetic DNAs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

are used for cutting DNA molecules into fragments.

Accepted Answer

A)  Antisense RNAs 
B)  RNA polymerases 
C)  Mutagens 
D)  DNA polymerase and DNA ligase 
E)  Restriction enzymes 
A)  Antisense RNAs 
B)  RNA polymerases 
C)  Mutagens 
D)  DNA polymerase and DNA ligase 
E)  Restriction enzymes

Question 15

The sequencing and analysis of an organism's genetic information is called

Accepted Answer

A)  gene therapy. 
B)  genomics. 
C)  northern blotting. 
D)  PCR. 
E)  protein synthesis. 
A)  gene therapy. 
B)  genomics. 
C)  northern blotting. 
D)  PCR. 
E)  protein synthesis.

Question 16

A library of cloned sequences representing the expressed genes of an organism is known as a

Accepted Answer

A)  microarray. 
B)  cDNA library. 
C)  DNA fingerprint. 
D)  FISH library. 
E)  gene library. 
A)  microarray. 
B)  cDNA library. 
C)  DNA fingerprint. 
D)  FISH library. 
E)  gene library.

Question 17

A subunit vaccine is prepared by extensive manipulation of the genome of the pathogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following restriction enzyme sites would produce blunt- ended fragments? (The arrow represents the cutting site of the enzyme.)

Accepted Answer

A)  CCC$GGG 
B)  G$AATTC 
C)  C$CGG 
D)  A$AGCTT 
E)  G$GATCC 
A)  CCC$GGG 
B)  G$AATTC 
C)  C$CGG 
D)  A$AGCTT 
E)  G$GATCC

Question 19

Sticky- end fragments generated by EcoRI will hydrogen bond to any other sticky- end sequence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following items is NOT a part of the name of a restriction enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  the strain of the source bacterium 
B)  the specific epithet of the source bacterium 
C)  the genus of the source bacterium 
D)  Roman numerals to indicate its order of discovery 
E)  the Gram reaction of the source bacterium 
A)  the strain of the source bacterium 
B)  the specific epithet of the source bacterium 
C)  the genus of the source bacterium 
D)  Roman numerals to indicate its order of discovery 
E)  the Gram reaction of the source bacterium

Exam 8: Recombinant Dna Technology

The goals of recombinant DNA technology include production of new organisms with useful combinations of traits.

Explain what a transgenic organism is, and give two examples.

The insertion of foreign DNA directly into a cell's nucleus using a glass micropipet is called (microporation/electroporation/microinjection).

Outline a procedure for producing a useful new recombinant product.

An effective tool for screening a large number of genetic sequences at once is known as

If a researcher used Escherichia coli DNA polymerase instead of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase in the PCR procedure, what would be the result?

Genetic (screening/sequencing/cloning) can be used to detect mutant genes associated with genetic diseases in individuals before any clinical symptoms are noted.

Two men may be the father of a child. This figure shows the results of a DNA fingerprint analysis to determine paternity. M is the mother, C is the child, A and B are the two men. What is the best interpretation of these results?

Small RNAs that bind to an mRNA and alter its expression are known as (antisense/probes/restriction) RNAs.

Which of the following is NOT a goal of recombinant DNA technology?

Which of the following procedures would be used to introduce DNA into a single mouse cell?

Discuss one of the pros and cons regarding the application of recombinant DNA technology.

Restriction enzymes are useful only on synthetic DNAs.

are used for cutting DNA molecules into fragments.

The sequencing and analysis of an organism's genetic information is called

A library of cloned sequences representing the expressed genes of an organism is known as a

A subunit vaccine is prepared by extensive manipulation of the genome of the pathogen.

Which of the following restriction enzyme sites would produce blunt- ended fragments? (The arrow represents the cutting site of the enzyme.)

Sticky- end fragments generated by EcoRI will hydrogen bond to any other sticky- end sequence.

Which of the following items is NOT a part of the name of a restriction enzyme?

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Disease, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic Dna Viruses

Pathogenic Rna Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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