Question 1

When people perceive an imbalance in their outcome-input ratio relative to others,___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  expectancy theory is violated 
B)  reinforcement theory is imbalanced 
C)  distributive justice is questioned 
D)  equity tension is created 
E)  they seek to move to another position of authority 
A)  expectancy theory is violated 
B)  reinforcement theory is imbalanced 
C)  distributive justice is questioned 
D)  equity tension is created 
E)  they seek to move to another position of authority

Question 2

You graduated from college two years ago and began working at Gulf Electronics. You have received good performance evaluations and a raise. You just found out that a recent college graduate with no experience has been hired at a higher salary than you are now making.
-How can your behavior at work be predicted to change?

Accepted Answer

A)  You will acknowledge that the new person hired is worth more. 
B)  You will call in sick more often. 
C)  You will act to undermine the new employee. 
D)  You will work harder. 
E)  You will not work so hard. 
A)  You will acknowledge that the new person hired is worth more. 
B)  You will call in sick more often. 
C)  You will act to undermine the new employee. 
D)  You will work harder. 
E)  You will not work so hard.

Question 3

Which one of the following is not a characteristic of ERG theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  It proposes three levels of needs: existence, relatedness, and growth. 
B)  More than one level of needs may serve as motivators at the same time. 
C)  It involves a frustration-regression process. 
D)  It is an extension and improvement of Maslow's theory. 
E)  The existence needs must be satisfied before the relatedness needs become important. 
A)  It proposes three levels of needs: existence, relatedness, and growth. 
B)  More than one level of needs may serve as motivators at the same time. 
C)  It involves a frustration-regression process. 
D)  It is an extension and improvement of Maslow's theory. 
E)  The existence needs must be satisfied before the relatedness needs become important.

Question 4

According to the goal-setting theory of motivation, highest performance is reached when goals are set to which level?

Accepted Answer

A)  impossible but inspirational 
B)  easily attained 
C)  slightly beyond a person's actual potential 
D)  difficult but attainable 
E)  only marginally challenging 
A)  impossible but inspirational 
B)  easily attained 
C)  slightly beyond a person's actual potential 
D)  difficult but attainable 
E)  only marginally challenging

Question 5

Motivation is best defined as a process that___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  results in a level of effort 
B)  intensifies an individual's efforts 
C)  stabilizes over time 
D)  meets an individual's needs 
E)  accounts for an individual's efforts toward attaining a goal 
A)  results in a level of effort 
B)  intensifies an individual's efforts 
C)  stabilizes over time 
D)  meets an individual's needs 
E)  accounts for an individual's efforts toward attaining a goal

Question 6

What are the three key elements of motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulation, progress, and achievement 
B)  intensity, direction, and persistence 
C)  reactance, congruence, and circumstance 
D)  awareness, effort, and outcome 
E)  interest, activity, and reward 
A)  stimulation, progress, and achievement 
B)  intensity, direction, and persistence 
C)  reactance, congruence, and circumstance 
D)  awareness, effort, and outcome 
E)  interest, activity, and reward

Question 7

Which of the following will you probably use to evaluate this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement 
B)  self-enhancement 
C)  expectancy 
D)  equity 
E)  goal setting 
A)  reinforcement 
B)  self-enhancement 
C)  expectancy 
D)  equity 
E)  goal setting

Question 8

Research shows that contemporary theories of motivation are generally more valid than the early theories of motivation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is not an important issue relating to goal-setting theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  defining the goal 
B)  feedback 
C)  goal difficulty 
D)  goal specificity 
E)  equity among co-workers 
A)  defining the goal 
B)  feedback 
C)  goal difficulty 
D)  goal specificity 
E)  equity among co-workers

Question 10

Profit-sharing programs may be direct cash outlays or allocations of stock options.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Allied General Hospital employs many individuals and has decided to try to increase motivation through job redesign and flexible scheduling. You have been hired as a consultant to help them design and implement the programs.
-You are looking at flextime and realize that it will probably work least well for which of the following jobs?

Accepted Answer

A)  administrative workers 
B)  equipment maintenance staff 
C)  floor nurses 
D)  insurance billers 
E)  IT personnel 
A)  administrative workers 
B)  equipment maintenance staff 
C)  floor nurses 
D)  insurance billers 
E)  IT personnel

Question 12

High intensity is unlikely to lead to favorable job-performance outcomes unless the effort is channeled in a direction that benefits the individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The lack of planning and top management commitment often contributed to quality circle failures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Motivation is the result of the interaction of the individual and the situation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Your supervisor has heard that employee involvement is important and you have been instructed to research various methods of employee involvement. You are supposed to help assist in the analysis of the probable effects of each of the programs being considered.
-You have decided to let employees select a small group to represent them and work with management. This is termed ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  quality circles 
B)  an AESOP 
C)  participative management 
D)  an ESOP 
E)  representative participation 
A)  quality circles 
B)  an AESOP 
C)  participative management 
D)  an ESOP 
E)  representative participation

Question 16

Which of the following is a job that does not lend itself to telecommuting?

Accepted Answer

A)  an attorney who spends most of her time researching on the computer 
B)  a writer of copy for an advertising firm 
C)  a product support specialist who fields calls from irate customers 
D)  a telemarketer who uses the phone to contact clients 
E)  a car salesman who demonstrates the features of a new model of car 
A)  an attorney who spends most of her time researching on the computer 
B)  a writer of copy for an advertising firm 
C)  a product support specialist who fields calls from irate customers 
D)  a telemarketer who uses the phone to contact clients 
E)  a car salesman who demonstrates the features of a new model of car

Question 17

What would be the predicted result of overpaying a piece-rate worker, according to equity theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  The employee will seek a higher wage. 
B)  Quality will increase. 
C)  There will be no effect. 
D)  Quantity will increase. 
E)  Quality will decrease. 
A)  The employee will seek a higher wage. 
B)  Quality will increase. 
C)  There will be no effect. 
D)  Quantity will increase. 
E)  Quality will decrease.

Question 18

Your supervisor has heard that employee involvement is important and you have been instructed to research various methods of employee involvement. You are supposed to help assist in the analysis of the probable effects of each of the programs being considered.
-Your supervisor proposes that participative management will solve your productivity, motivation, and job performance problems. Which of the following is not a warning you should give him about this approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Employees must have competence and knowledge if they are to make a useful contribution. 
B)  Research shows it has only a modest influence on all these variables. 
C)  Employees will only be motivated by decisions on issues in relevant to their interests. 
D)  It is not a sure means for improving employee performance. 
E)  It will provide intrinsic rewards for employees. 
A)  Employees must have competence and knowledge if they are to make a useful contribution. 
B)  Research shows it has only a modest influence on all these variables. 
C)  Employees will only be motivated by decisions on issues in relevant to their interests. 
D)  It is not a sure means for improving employee performance. 
E)  It will provide intrinsic rewards for employees.

Question 19

Your fellow employees have a terrible work situation. They work in an old, run-down building with a very old air conditioning system. The work itself is tedious and the supervisor is rarely available and only shows up to tell people off for production shortfalls. Nobody has received a promotion in two years. The work is boring, repetitious, and unrewarding. You have decided to try to apply Herzberg's two-factor theory.
-Which of the following statements would likely be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fixing the conditions that make the employees dissatisfied will not make them satisfied. 
B)  The major reason for dissatisfaction is probably the nature of the work itself. 
C)  When the working conditions are improved, employees will be satisfied. 
D)  Employees are dissatisfied due to lack of recognition. 
E)  The relationship with the supervisor is a motivation factor. 
A)  Fixing the conditions that make the employees dissatisfied will not make them satisfied. 
B)  The major reason for dissatisfaction is probably the nature of the work itself. 
C)  When the working conditions are improved, employees will be satisfied. 
D)  Employees are dissatisfied due to lack of recognition. 
E)  The relationship with the supervisor is a motivation factor.

Question 20

What are modular benefit plans?

Accepted Answer

A)  a scheme designed for single employees with no dependents 
B)  essential benefits and a menu-like selection of other benefits 
C)  they employees to set aside funds up to the dollar amount offered in the plan to pay for services 
D)  pre-designed packages of benefits 
E)  a scheme designed for employees with families 
A)  a scheme designed for single employees with no dependents 
B)  essential benefits and a menu-like selection of other benefits 
C)  they employees to set aside funds up to the dollar amount offered in the plan to pay for services 
D)  pre-designed packages of benefits 
E)  a scheme designed for employees with families

When people perceive an imbalance in their outcome-input ratio relative to others,___________ .

Which one of the following is not a characteristic of ERG theory?

According to the goal-setting theory of motivation, highest performance is reached when goals are set to which level?

Motivation is best defined as a process that___________ .

What are the three key elements of motivation?

Which of the following will you probably use to evaluate this situation?

Research shows that contemporary theories of motivation are generally more valid than the early theories of motivation.

Which of the following is not an important issue relating to goal-setting theory?

Profit-sharing programs may be direct cash outlays or allocations of stock options.

High intensity is unlikely to lead to favorable job-performance outcomes unless the effort is channeled in a direction that benefits the individual.

The lack of planning and top management commitment often contributed to quality circle failures.

Motivation is the result of the interaction of the individual and the situation.

Which of the following is a job that does not lend itself to telecommuting?

What would be the predicted result of overpaying a piece-rate worker, according to equity theory?

What are modular benefit plans?

What Is Organizational Behavior

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Perception and Individual Decision Making

Emotions and Moods

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Human Resource Policies and Practices in the Arab World

Organizational Change and Stress Management

Organizational Behavior in the Family Business

Intercultural Management: the Significance to Organizational Behavior

Female Entrepreneurs in the Arab World

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Exam 4: Motivation: Concepts and Applications

When people perceive an imbalance in their outcome-input ratio relative to others,___________ .

Which one of the following is not a characteristic of ERG theory?

According to the goal-setting theory of motivation, highest performance is reached when goals are set to which level?

Motivation is best defined as a process that___________ .

What are the three key elements of motivation?

Which of the following will you probably use to evaluate this situation?

Research shows that contemporary theories of motivation are generally more valid than the early theories of motivation.

Which of the following is not an important issue relating to goal-setting theory?

Profit-sharing programs may be direct cash outlays or allocations of stock options.

High intensity is unlikely to lead to favorable job-performance outcomes unless the effort is channeled in a direction that benefits the individual.

The lack of planning and top management commitment often contributed to quality circle failures.

Motivation is the result of the interaction of the individual and the situation.

Which of the following is a job that does not lend itself to telecommuting?

What would be the predicted result of overpaying a piece-rate worker, according to equity theory?

What are modular benefit plans?

What Is Organizational Behavior

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Perception and Individual Decision Making

Emotions and Moods

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organizational Structure

Organizational Culture

Human Resource Policies and Practices in the Arab World

Organizational Change and Stress Management

Organizational Behavior in the Family Business

Intercultural Management: the Significance to Organizational Behavior

Female Entrepreneurs in the Arab World

Filters