Exam 2: Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Injury to the hypothalamus would most likely interfere with

The dorsal portions of the gray matter in the spinal cord carry

Many drugs produce their effects by facilitating or interfering with neurotransmitters at synapses. Which of the following drugs would most likely increase the effect of serotonin?

In the nervous system, these cells provide structural support and insulation for neurons.

The primary reason why neurons are refractory for a short period after firing action potentials, and the reason underlying the absolute refractory period, is that the

The primary visual cortex, or V1, is located in

The neocortex typically contains cortical layers, with typically being the input layer.

The poison tetraethylammonium TEA) interferes with normal neural communication. The toxin binds to and blocks voltage-gated potassium channels in the neuron cell membrane. Which of the following best describes the effects of TEA on the action potential?

Following a focal brain injury, a patient shows great difficulty in discriminating tones that differ in frequency. Which area of the cortex is most likely affected?

The amplitude of an action potential is directly proportional to the size of the initial depolarization that produced it.

Hyperpolarization makes the inside of a cell more positive and more likely to generate an action potential.

The central sulcus is an anatomical landmark that separates the lobe from the lobe.

Cerebrospinal fluid CSF) is produced in the lateral and third ventricles by the

As a result of a brain injury to the medial temporal lobes and neighboring subcortical structures, a patient exhibits a number of cognitive and behavioral changes. Of the options here, which is the LEAST likely to be affected?

Histological methods have been used to classify the cerebral cortex into different cytoarchitectonic divisions, such as the Brodmann areas. Can we predict the function of a brain region based on cytoarchitectonics? Why or why not?

The nodes of Ranvier are

This brain structure is often called the gateway to the cortex because almost all sensory inputs synapse here before continuing to their primary cortical sensory areas.

What are the major differences between electrotonic conduction and the action potential? Describe how these two processes play out in neural transmission.

The term cytoarchitectonics refers to

The term selective permeability refers to the fact that a cell membrane will allow some ions to pass through more readily than others.