Question 1

Viral meningitis is also called ʺaseptic meningitisʺ

Accepted Answer

A)  to distinguish it from encephalitis. 
B)  because it is frequently a nosocomial infection. 
C)  since it is treatable with antiviral medications. 
D)  to indicate no bacteria are involved. 
E)  because it is vaccine-preventable. 
A)  to distinguish it from encephalitis. 
B)  because it is frequently a nosocomial infection. 
C)  since it is treatable with antiviral medications. 
D)  to indicate no bacteria are involved. 
E)  because it is vaccine-preventable. D

Question 2

Cryptococcal meningitis can affect both healthy and immunocompromised individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

The optic nerves are an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory nerves 
B)  spinal nerves 
C)  mixed nerves 
D)  motor nerves 
E)  synaptic nerves 
A)  sensory nerves 
B)  spinal nerves 
C)  mixed nerves 
D)  motor nerves 
E)  synaptic nerves A

Question 4

Tetanospasmin blocks the release of stimulatory neurtransmitters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Bacterial agents of meningitis which can survive phagocytosis include

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycobacterium leprae. 
B)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
C)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
D)  both Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
E)  Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycobacterium leprae. 
A)  Mycobacterium leprae. 
B)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
C)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
D)  both Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
E)  Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycobacterium leprae.

Question 6

One summer, bird watchers and zookeepers in a major city notice that more birds than usual are dying. At the same time reports of human encephalitis cases increase sharply. The cerebrospinal fluid of human patients is clear. Similar enveloped RNA virus particles are detected in samples from both birds and humans. Which of the following might be responsible for this outbreak?

Accepted Answer

A)  rabies virus 
B)  Neisseria meningitidis 
C)  Cryptococcus neoformans 
D)  coxsackie A virus 
E)  an arbovirus 
A)  rabies virus 
B)  Neisseria meningitidis 
C)  Cryptococcus neoformans 
D)  coxsackie A virus 
E)  an arbovirus

Question 7

Rabies is a rare zoonosis in humans but common in many other species of mammal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Contact lens solution, swimming pools, and dialysis units can be a source of a fatal nervous system disease caused by (amoeba/fungi/trypanosomes).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Contact lens solution, swimming pools, and dialysis...

Question 9

Viral meningitis is usually more serious than bacterial meningitis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The only natural hosts for infection with the microbe Mycobacterium leprae are humans and (armadillos/birds/pigs).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The only natural hosts for infection with...

Question 11

Compare and contrast African sleeping sickness and primary amebic meningoencephalopathy.

Accepted Answer

Both diseases are caused by protozoan pa

Question 12

The presence of the pathogen in the blood called (bacteremia/parasitemia/viremia) is a defining feature of African sleeping sickness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The presence of the pathogen in the...

Question 13

Tetanus vaccine contains

Accepted Answer

A)  antibodies against Clostridium tetani. 
B)  inactivated tetanospasmin. 
C)  fragments of Clostridium tetani cell walls. 
D)  inactivated Clostridium tetani endospores. 
E)  antibodies against Clostridium tetani endospores. 
A)  antibodies against Clostridium tetani. 
B)  inactivated tetanospasmin. 
C)  fragments of Clostridium tetani cell walls. 
D)  inactivated Clostridium tetani endospores. 
E)  antibodies against Clostridium tetani endospores.

Question 14

The highly destructive form of Hansenʹs disease is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  infection with rabies virus. 
B)  poor immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. 
C)  intracellular infection with Clostridium botulinum. 
D)  poor immune response to Streptococcus agalactiae. 
E)  autoimmune disease triggered by Mycobacteriu leprae. 
A)  infection with rabies virus. 
B)  poor immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. 
C)  intracellular infection with Clostridium botulinum. 
D)  poor immune response to Streptococcus agalactiae. 
E)  autoimmune disease triggered by Mycobacteriu leprae.

Question 15

Fungi rarely infect the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Infant botulism is the result of (inhalation/ingestion/inoculation) of bacterial endospores.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Infant botulism is the result of (inhalation/ingestion/inoculation)...

Question 17

Trypanosoma brucei infections are characterized by cyclic waves of parasitemia that occur roughly every 7 to 10 days.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE of foodborne botulism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Large amounts of bacteria must be consumed to produce disease. 
B)  It is an intoxication disorder. 
C)  It is not a life-threatening infection even when left untreated. 
D)  Normal food preparation methods can prevent it. 
E)  An effective vaccine is available. 
A)  Large amounts of bacteria must be consumed to produce disease. 
B)  It is an intoxication disorder. 
C)  It is not a life-threatening infection even when left untreated. 
D)  Normal food preparation methods can prevent it. 
E)  An effective vaccine is available.

Question 19

Which of the following causes of viral meningitis is transmitted by the fecal-oral route?

Accepted Answer

A)  California encephalitis virus 
B)  equine encephalitis virus 
C)  rabies 
D)  West Nile virus 
E)  echovirus 
A)  California encephalitis virus 
B)  equine encephalitis virus 
C)  rabies 
D)  West Nile virus 
E)  echovirus

Question 20

Some microbes gain access to the normally axenic central nervous system by

Accepted Answer

A)  axonal transport from infected peripheral neurons. 
B)  infecting lymph nodes in the cranium. 
C)  damaging the blood-brain barrier. 
D)  infecting macrophages which subsequently enter the CNS. 
E)  either damaging the blood-brain barrier or by axonal transport from infected peripheral neurons. 
A)  axonal transport from infected peripheral neurons. 
B)  infecting lymph nodes in the cranium. 
C)  damaging the blood-brain barrier. 
D)  infecting macrophages which subsequently enter the CNS. 
E)  either damaging the blood-brain barrier or by axonal transport from infected peripheral neurons.

Exam 20: Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Viral meningitis is also called ʺaseptic meningitisʺ

Cryptococcal meningitis can affect both healthy and immunocompromised individuals.

The optic nerves are an example of which of the following?

Tetanospasmin blocks the release of stimulatory neurtransmitters.

Bacterial agents of meningitis which can survive phagocytosis include

Rabies is a rare zoonosis in humans but common in many other species of mammal.

Contact lens solution, swimming pools, and dialysis units can be a source of a fatal nervous system disease caused by (amoeba/fungi/trypanosomes).

Viral meningitis is usually more serious than bacterial meningitis.

The only natural hosts for infection with the microbe Mycobacterium leprae are humans and (armadillos/birds/pigs).

Compare and contrast African sleeping sickness and primary amebic meningoencephalopathy.

The presence of the pathogen in the blood called (bacteremia/parasitemia/viremia) is a defining feature of African sleeping sickness.

Tetanus vaccine contains

The highly destructive form of Hansenʹs disease is the result of

Fungi rarely infect the central nervous system.

Infant botulism is the result of (inhalation/ingestion/inoculation) of bacterial endospores.)

Trypanosoma brucei infections are characterized by cyclic waves of parasitemia that occur roughly every 7 to 10 days.

Which of the following is TRUE of foodborne botulism?

Which of the following causes of viral meningitis is transmitted by the fecal-oral route?

Some microbes gain access to the normally axenic central nervous system by

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