Question 1

Adaptive immunity is sometimes also called acquired immunity. Which of the following statements provides a basis for the alternative name?

Accepted Answer

A)  To become activated, lymphocytes require exposure to the antigenic determinant for which they are specific. 
B)  Lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system are highly specific for a single antigenic determinant. 
C)  Activated lymphocytes produce daughter cells that are identical in specificity and function. 
D)  Activated lymphocytes may persist for years in the body. 
E)  Lymphocytes reactive to normal body components are removed. 
A)  To become activated, lymphocytes require exposure to the antigenic determinant for which they are specific. 
B)  Lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system are highly specific for a single antigenic determinant. 
C)  Activated lymphocytes produce daughter cells that are identical in specificity and function. 
D)  Activated lymphocytes may persist for years in the body. 
E)  Lymphocytes reactive to normal body components are removed.

Question 2

An antigen-presenting cell (APC) processes and displays (auto-/endogenous/exogenous) antigen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An antigen-presenting cell (APC) processes and displays...

Question 3

What is the result when a dendritic cell phagocytizes a microbe and processes it?

Accepted Answer

A)  suppression of the immune response to the microbe 
B)  display of microbial fragments with CD8 glycoproteins 
C)  display of epitope-MHC I complexes on the surface of the cell 
D)  display of microbial epitope-MHC II complexes on the cell surface 
E)  activation of the dendritic cell to become a plasma cell 
A)  suppression of the immune response to the microbe 
B)  display of microbial fragments with CD8 glycoproteins 
C)  display of epitope-MHC I complexes on the surface of the cell 
D)  display of microbial epitope-MHC II complexes on the cell surface 
E)  activation of the dendritic cell to become a plasma cell

Question 4

When a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell interact, a specialized contact called an immunological (connection/bond/synapse) forms between them.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a T cell and an antigen-presenting...

Question 5

The perforin-granzyme pathway involves

Accepted Answer

A)  the production of antibodies toward the invading pathogen. 
B)  binding CD95L to infected cells, which eventually leads to cell apoptosis. 
C)  the production of fever, which kills the pathogen. 
D)  the synthesis of special cell-killing proteins that act on infected or abnormal cells. 
E)  presenting the foreign antigen to B cells. 
A)  the production of antibodies toward the invading pathogen. 
B)  binding CD95L to infected cells, which eventually leads to cell apoptosis. 
C)  the production of fever, which kills the pathogen. 
D)  the synthesis of special cell-killing proteins that act on infected or abnormal cells. 
E)  presenting the foreign antigen to B cells.

Question 6

Type 1 helper T (Th1) cells produce to stimulate increased phagocytosis,

Accepted Answer

A)  gamma interferon (INF-γ) 
B)  growth factors 
C)  chemokines 
D)  alpha interferon (INF-α) 
E)  tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) 
A)  gamma interferon (INF-γ) 
B)  growth factors 
C)  chemokines 
D)  alpha interferon (INF-α) 
E)  tumor necrosis factors (TNFs)

Question 7

IgG antibodies have a variety of mechanisms for acting on antigens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Clonal deletion of developing T lymphocytes takes place in which location(s) in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  the liver 
B)  the spleen 
C)  the thymus 
D)  both the bone marrow and the spleen 
E)  the bone marrow 
A)  the liver 
B)  the spleen 
C)  the thymus 
D)  both the bone marrow and the spleen 
E)  the bone marrow

Question 9

Which of the following molecules would contain T-independent antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  steroids 
B)  phospholipids 
C)  lipoproteins 
D)  glycoproteins 
E)  polysaccharides 
A)  steroids 
B)  phospholipids 
C)  lipoproteins 
D)  glycoproteins 
E)  polysaccharides

Question 10

When a T cellʹs CD95L binds to the CD95 on a target cell, antibodies are formed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Large molecules such as polymers make good antigens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

B lymphocytes can bind directly to large antigens with repeating polysaccharide subunits, such as a bacterial capsule that has antigenic determinants known as T-independent (receptors/antigens).

Accepted Answer

The answer of B lymphocytes can bind directly to large...

Question 13

Molecules with a molecular mass less than 5000 daltons can become antigens when they bind to carrier molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What types of antigens are bound to Class I MHC (major histocompatibility complex) proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  autoantigens 
B)  both autoantigens and endogenous antigens 
C)  exogenous antigens 
D)  endogenous antigens 
E)  autoantigens, endogenous, and exogenous antigens 
A)  autoantigens 
B)  both autoantigens and endogenous antigens 
C)  exogenous antigens 
D)  endogenous antigens 
E)  autoantigens, endogenous, and exogenous antigens

Question 15

The surface of each B lymphocyte is covered with about 250,000 to 500,000 identical copies of (BCR/MHC/TCR).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The surface of each B lymphocyte is...

Question 16

A CD4+ T cell detects its epitope presented by an APC and receives IL-4 signals. It will differentiate to become a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  CTL. 
B)  APC. 
C)  Th1 cell. 
D)  Th2 cell. 
E)  Tr lymphocyte. 
A)  CTL. 
B)  APC. 
C)  Th1 cell. 
D)  Th2 cell. 
E)  Tr lymphocyte.

Question 17

The antibody immune response is attributed to the action of

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages. 
B)  T lymphocytes. 
C)  B lymphocytes. 
D)  monocytes. 
E)  neutrophils. 
A)  macrophages. 
B)  T lymphocytes. 
C)  B lymphocytes. 
D)  monocytes. 
E)  neutrophils.

Question 18

IgE antibodies are best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  those involved in complement activation. 
B)  the trigger for antibody-dependent cellular toxicity (ADC
C) . 
C)  the antibodies found in body secretions. 
D)  a cause of basophil and eosinophil degranulation. 
E)  the most common type of antibody in the blood during the initial phases of an immune response. 
A)  those involved in complement activation. 
B)  the trigger for antibody-dependent cellular toxicity (ADC
C) . 
C)  the antibodies found in body secretions. 
D)  a cause of basophil and eosinophil degranulation. 
E)  the most common type of antibody in the blood during the initial phases of an immune response.

Question 19

Which of the following statements concerning plasma cells is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can produce large quantities of antibodies on a daily basis. 
B)  They are descended from activated T cells. 
C)  They live for many years and function as memory cells. 
D)  They secrete a variety of antibody molecules specific for multiple epitopes. 
E)  The antibodies they produce can remain in circulation for years. 
A)  They can produce large quantities of antibodies on a daily basis. 
B)  They are descended from activated T cells. 
C)  They live for many years and function as memory cells. 
D)  They secrete a variety of antibody molecules specific for multiple epitopes. 
E)  The antibodies they produce can remain in circulation for years.

Question 20

The role of dendrites in the adaptive immune response is to

Accepted Answer

A)  distinguish between endogenous and exogenous antigens. 
B)  attack and destroy invading pathogens. 
C)  process endogenous antigens for presentation on MHC I molecules. 
D)  degrade exogenous antigens for presentation on MHC II molecules. 
E)  detect autoreactive lymphocytes and trigger apoptosis. 
A)  distinguish between endogenous and exogenous antigens. 
B)  attack and destroy invading pathogens. 
C)  process endogenous antigens for presentation on MHC I molecules. 
D)  degrade exogenous antigens for presentation on MHC II molecules. 
E)  detect autoreactive lymphocytes and trigger apoptosis.

Exam 16: Adaptive Immunity

Adaptive immunity is sometimes also called acquired immunity. Which of the following statements provides a basis for the alternative name?

An antigen-presenting cell (APC) processes and displays (auto-/endogenous/exogenous) antigen.

What is the result when a dendritic cell phagocytizes a microbe and processes it?

When a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell interact, a specialized contact called an immunological (connection/bond/synapse) forms between them.

The perforin-granzyme pathway involves

Type 1 helper T (Th1) cells produce to stimulate increased phagocytosis,

IgG antibodies have a variety of mechanisms for acting on antigens.

Clonal deletion of developing T lymphocytes takes place in which location(s) in the body?

Which of the following molecules would contain T-independent antigens?

When a T cellʹs CD95L binds to the CD95 on a target cell, antibodies are formed.

Large molecules such as polymers make good antigens.

B lymphocytes can bind directly to large antigens with repeating polysaccharide subunits, such as a bacterial capsule that has antigenic determinants known as T-independent (receptors/antigens).

Molecules with a molecular mass less than 5000 daltons can become antigens when they bind to carrier molecules.

What types of antigens are bound to Class I MHC (major histocompatibility complex) proteins?

The surface of each B lymphocyte is covered with about 250,000 to 500,000 identical copies of (BCR/MHC/TCR).

A CD4+ T cell detects its epitope presented by an APC and receives IL-4 signals. It will differentiate to become a(n)

The antibody immune response is attributed to the action of

IgE antibodies are best described as

Which of the following statements concerning plasma cells is TRUE?

The role of dendrites in the adaptive immune response is to

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