Question 1

An animal virus that does not have an envelope is described as a(n) (naked/unenveloped/capsid) virion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An animal virus that does not have...

Question 2

Naked capsid animal viruses gain entry to host cells by

Accepted Answer

A)  membrane fusion. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  direct penetration. 
D)  both endocytosis and direct penetration. 
E)  endocytosis, direct penetration, and membrane fusion. 
A)  membrane fusion. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  direct penetration. 
D)  both endocytosis and direct penetration. 
E)  endocytosis, direct penetration, and membrane fusion.

Question 3

All viruses use the host cellʹs nucleic acid polymerases for replication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Some human viruses are difficult to study because

Accepted Answer

A)  they only grow in normal human cells. 
B)  very few laboratories have the skills to culture the viruses. 
C)  the growth medium for the host cells is complex. 
D)  they grow very slowly. 
E)  they establish latent infections and cannot be induced. 
A)  they only grow in normal human cells. 
B)  very few laboratories have the skills to culture the viruses. 
C)  the growth medium for the host cells is complex. 
D)  they grow very slowly. 
E)  they establish latent infections and cannot be induced.

Question 5

The genome of which of the following types of animal virus can act directly as mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  dsDNA 
B)  -ssRNA viruses 
C)  +ssRNA viruses 
D)  dsRNA viruses 
E)  ssDNA viruses 
A)  dsDNA 
B)  -ssRNA viruses 
C)  +ssRNA viruses 
D)  dsRNA viruses 
E)  ssDNA viruses

Question 6

The process of metastasis results from

Accepted Answer

A)  oncogene expression. 
B)  neoplasia. 
C)  viral latency. 
D)  benign tumors. 
E)  malignant tumors. 
A)  oncogene expression. 
B)  neoplasia. 
C)  viral latency. 
D)  benign tumors. 
E)  malignant tumors.

Question 7

Which of the following events occurs in the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection but NOT in the lysogenic cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  viral protein synthesis 
B)  digestion of host DNA 
C)  attachment 
D)  entry 
E)  both digestion of host DNA and viral proteins synthesis 
A)  viral protein synthesis 
B)  digestion of host DNA 
C)  attachment 
D)  entry 
E)  both digestion of host DNA and viral proteins synthesis

Question 8

Small circular RNA molecules without capsids are characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)  viroids. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  plasmids. 
D)  prions. 
E)  viruses and prions. 
A)  viroids. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  plasmids. 
D)  prions. 
E)  viruses and prions.

Question 9

Some viruses can be cultured on (continuous/diploid/animal) cells which are descended from neoplastic cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some viruses can be cultured on (continuous/diploid/animal)...

Question 10

Why are diploid cell cultures preferred over continuous cell cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diploid cells have undergone changes in their chromosome structure that make them more stable. 
B)  Diploid cells are more nearly like cells of whole organisms than continuous culture cells. 
C)  Continuous cell cultures are expensive to maintain. 
D)  Results from continuous culture cells do not apply to disease in whole organisms. 
E)  Diploid cells last far longer than continuous culture cells. 
A)  Diploid cells have undergone changes in their chromosome structure that make them more stable. 
B)  Diploid cells are more nearly like cells of whole organisms than continuous culture cells. 
C)  Continuous cell cultures are expensive to maintain. 
D)  Results from continuous culture cells do not apply to disease in whole organisms. 
E)  Diploid cells last far longer than continuous culture cells.

Question 11

Infection with is likely to result in destruction of the host cell by lysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  oncogenic viruses 
B)  enveloped viruses 
C)  naked viruses 
D)  viroids 
E)  prions 
A)  oncogenic viruses 
B)  enveloped viruses 
C)  naked viruses 
D)  viroids 
E)  prions

Question 12

Classification of viruses includes

Accepted Answer

A)  orders. 
B)  classes. 
C)  families. 
D)  orders and families. 
E)  classes, orders, and families. 
A)  orders. 
B)  classes. 
C)  families. 
D)  orders and families. 
E)  classes, orders, and families.

Question 13

The process known as is a mechanism of release for enveloped viruses.

Accepted Answer

A)  latency 
B)  budding 
C)  metastasis 
D)  persistent infection 
E)  lytic replication 
A)  latency 
B)  budding 
C)  metastasis 
D)  persistent infection 
E)  lytic replication

Question 14

Fertilized chicken eggs are used to culture some vaccine strains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Zones of clearing in cell cultures that are the result of virus infection are called plaques. Sometimes ʺcloudy plaquesʺ are seen on bacterial cultures infected with bacteriophage. What type of viral infection might cause this appearance?

Accepted Answer

A)  transducing 
B)  lysogenic 
C)  viroid 
D)  prion 
E)  lytic 
A)  transducing 
B)  lysogenic 
C)  viroid 
D)  prion 
E)  lytic

Question 16

Another term for a lysogenic phage is a (temperate/latent/prophage) phage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Another term for a lysogenic phage is...

Question 17

Describe the difference between lysogeny and latency.

Accepted Answer

Lysogeny is associated with certain bact

Question 18

Which of the following types of animal virus requires RNA-dependent RNA transcriptase to be replicated?

Accepted Answer

A)  dsDNA viruses 
B)  ssDNA viruses 
C)  retroviruses 
D)  -ssRNA viruses 
E)  +ssRNA viruses 
A)  dsDNA viruses 
B)  ssDNA viruses 
C)  retroviruses 
D)  -ssRNA viruses 
E)  +ssRNA viruses

Question 19

The process in which viral capsids are removed within the infected cell is called (entry/disassembly/uncoating).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process in which viral capsids are...

Question 20

What is one of the most difficult aspects of studying animal viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  The viruses are hard to obtain. 
B)  The use of animals is expensive, and unethical to many people. 
C)  The viruses are extremely dangerous to handle. 
D)  The study requires expensive facilities. 
E)  The use of animals to study the viruses is unethical in the eyes of many. 
A)  The viruses are hard to obtain. 
B)  The use of animals is expensive, and unethical to many people. 
C)  The viruses are extremely dangerous to handle. 
D)  The study requires expensive facilities. 
E)  The use of animals to study the viruses is unethical in the eyes of many.

Exam 13: Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

An animal virus that does not have an envelope is described as a(n) (naked/unenveloped/capsid) virion.

Naked capsid animal viruses gain entry to host cells by

All viruses use the host cellʹs nucleic acid polymerases for replication.

Some human viruses are difficult to study because

The genome of which of the following types of animal virus can act directly as mRNA?

The process of metastasis results from

Which of the following events occurs in the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T4 infection but NOT in the lysogenic cycle?

Small circular RNA molecules without capsids are characteristic of

Some viruses can be cultured on (continuous/diploid/animal) cells which are descended from neoplastic cells.

Why are diploid cell cultures preferred over continuous cell cultures?

Infection with is likely to result in destruction of the host cell by lysis.

Classification of viruses includes

The process known as is a mechanism of release for enveloped viruses.

Fertilized chicken eggs are used to culture some vaccine strains.

Zones of clearing in cell cultures that are the result of virus infection are called plaques. Sometimes ʺcloudy plaquesʺ are seen on bacterial cultures infected with bacteriophage. What type of viral infection might cause this appearance?

Another term for a lysogenic phage is a (temperate/latent/prophage) phage.

Describe the difference between lysogeny and latency.

Which of the following types of animal virus requires RNA-dependent RNA transcriptase to be replicated?

The process in which viral capsids are removed within the infected cell is called (entry/disassembly/uncoating).

What is one of the most difficult aspects of studying animal viruses?

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant Dna Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Aids and Other Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Microbial Cardiovascular and Systemic Diseases

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

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