Question 1

Which of the following observations provides the best evidence that intelligence test scores are influenced by heredity?

Accepted Answer

A) Japanese children have higher average intelligence scores than do American children. 
B) Fraternal twins are more similar in their intelligence scores than are ordinary siblings. 
C) The intelligence scores of children are positively correlated with the intelligence scores of their parents. 
D) Identical twins reared separately are more similar in their intelligence scores than fraternal twins reared together. 
A) Japanese children have higher average intelligence scores than do American children. 
B) Fraternal twins are more similar in their intelligence scores than are ordinary siblings. 
C) The intelligence scores of children are positively correlated with the intelligence scores of their parents. 
D) Identical twins reared separately are more similar in their intelligence scores than fraternal twins reared together.

Question 2

A test that measures or predicts what it is supposed to is said to have a high degree of

Accepted Answer

A) validity. 
B) standardization. 
C) reliability. 
D) the g factor. 
A) validity. 
B) standardization. 
C) reliability. 
D) the g factor.

Question 3

When retested on the WAIS,people's second scores generally match their first scores quite closely. This indicates that the test has a high degree of

Accepted Answer

A) reliability. 
B) content validity. 
C) heritability. 
D) predictive validity. 
A) reliability. 
B) content validity. 
C) heritability. 
D) predictive validity.

Question 4

The characteristics of savant syndrome most directly suggest that intelligence is

Accepted Answer

A) a diverse set of distinct abilities. 
B) largely unpredictable and unmeasurable. 
C) a culturally constructed concept. 
D) dependent upon the speed of cognitive processing. 
A) a diverse set of distinct abilities. 
B) largely unpredictable and unmeasurable. 
C) a culturally constructed concept. 
D) dependent upon the speed of cognitive processing.

Question 5

You would not use a test of hearing acuity as an intelligence test because it would lack

Accepted Answer

A) content reliability. 
B) predictive reliability. 
C) predictive validity. 
D) content validity. 
A) content reliability. 
B) predictive reliability. 
C) predictive validity. 
D) content validity.

Question 6

Experts would most likely agree that intelligence is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) inborn ability to perform well on standard intelligence tests. 
B) mental ability to learn from experience. 
C) general trait that underlies success on nearly any task. 
D) multiple array of completely independent adaptive traits. 
A) inborn ability to perform well on standard intelligence tests. 
B) mental ability to learn from experience. 
C) general trait that underlies success on nearly any task. 
D) multiple array of completely independent adaptive traits.

Question 7

Reported racial gaps in average intelligence scores are most likely attributable to

Accepted Answer

A) the use of biased tests of intelligence. 
B) the use of unreliable tests of intelligence. 
C) genetic factors. 
D) environmental factors. 
A) the use of biased tests of intelligence. 
B) the use of unreliable tests of intelligence. 
C) genetic factors. 
D) environmental factors.

Question 8

Research indicates that Head Start programs

Accepted Answer

A) contribute to dramatic and enduring gains in the participants' intelligence test scores. 
B) yield the greatest benefits for participants coming from intellectually stimulating home environments. 
C) reduce the likelihood that participants will repeat grades or require special education. 
D) achieve all of these results. 
A) contribute to dramatic and enduring gains in the participants' intelligence test scores. 
B) yield the greatest benefits for participants coming from intellectually stimulating home environments. 
C) reduce the likelihood that participants will repeat grades or require special education. 
D) achieve all of these results.

Question 9

The heritability of intelligence is lowest among genetically

Accepted Answer

A) similar individuals who have been raised in similar environments. 
B) dissimilar individuals who have been raised in similar environments. 
C) similar individuals who have been raised in dissimilar environments. 
D) dissimilar individuals who have been raised in dissimilar environments. 
A) similar individuals who have been raised in similar environments. 
B) dissimilar individuals who have been raised in similar environments. 
C) similar individuals who have been raised in dissimilar environments. 
D) dissimilar individuals who have been raised in dissimilar environments.

Question 10

Sasha demonstrates a mild level of intellectual disability. She has achieved the equivalent of a fifth-grade education and will soon begin vocational training so that she can earn a living. Sasha's intelligence score is most likely between

Accepted Answer

A) 5 and 19. 
B) 20 and 34. 
C) 35 and 49. 
D) 50 and 70. 
A) 5 and 19. 
B) 20 and 34. 
C) 35 and 49. 
D) 50 and 70.

Question 11

Robert Sternberg distinguished among analytical,practical,and ________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A) intrapersonal 
B) creative 
C) spatial 
D) musical 
A) intrapersonal 
B) creative 
C) spatial 
D) musical

Question 12

Melvin has been diagnosed as having savant syndrome,which means that he

Accepted Answer

A) has an IQ of 120 or higher. 
B) would score high on a test of analytical intelligence. 
C) is limited in mental ability but has one exceptional ability. 
D) was exposed to high levels of testosterone during prenatal development. 
A) has an IQ of 120 or higher. 
B) would score high on a test of analytical intelligence. 
C) is limited in mental ability but has one exceptional ability. 
D) was exposed to high levels of testosterone during prenatal development.

Question 13

If a test assesses a representative sample of the behavior it is intended to assess,the test is said to have

Accepted Answer

A) reliability. 
B) heritability. 
C) content validity. 
D) a normal distribution. 
A) reliability. 
B) heritability. 
C) content validity. 
D) a normal distribution.

Question 14

Males are most likely to outnumber females in a class designed for high school students highly gifted in

Accepted Answer

A) reading. 
B) speech. 
C) math problem solving. 
D) a foreign language. 
A) reading. 
B) speech. 
C) math problem solving. 
D) a foreign language.

Question 15

A classmate makes the following claim: "Despite numerous federally funded Head Start programs and nationwide efforts to desegregate public schools,Blacks continue to lag behind their White counterparts in intelligence and academic achievement. Clearly,Black Americans must be genetically inferior to White Americans." Use research evidence and logical arguments to intelligently refute your classmate's statement.

Accepted Answer

There are several flaws in your classmat

Question 16

Studies of adopted children and their biological and adoptive families demonstrate that with age,genetic influences on intelligence

Accepted Answer

A) become more apparent. 
B) become less apparent. 
C) become more difficult to disentangle from environmental influences. 
D) become easier to disentangle from environmental influences. 
A) become more apparent. 
B) become less apparent. 
C) become more difficult to disentangle from environmental influences. 
D) become easier to disentangle from environmental influences.

Question 17

To assess mental age,Binet and Simon measured children's

Accepted Answer

A) head size. 
B) reasoning skills. 
C) muscular power. 
D) emotional intelligence. 
A) head size. 
B) reasoning skills. 
C) muscular power. 
D) emotional intelligence.

Question 18

Sweden and Iceland exhibit little of the gender gap in mathematical abilities found in Turkey and Korea. This best illustrates that mental abilities are

Accepted Answer

A) polygenetic. 
B) extrinsic motivators. 
C) socially influenced. 
D) distributed in a bell-shaped pattern. 
A) polygenetic. 
B) extrinsic motivators. 
C) socially influenced. 
D) distributed in a bell-shaped pattern.

Question 19

An intelligence test score of 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the normal demands of life is most clearly an indication of

Accepted Answer

A) savant syndrome. 
B) the Flynn effect. 
C) Down syndrome. 
D) intellectual disability. 
A) savant syndrome. 
B) the Flynn effect. 
C) Down syndrome. 
D) intellectual disability.

Question 20

Babies in an Iranian orphanage suffered delayed intellectual development due to

Accepted Answer

A) critical periods. 
B) telegraphic speech. 
C) a deprived environment. 
D) savant syndrome. 
A) critical periods. 
B) telegraphic speech. 
C) a deprived environment. 
D) savant syndrome.

Exam 16: Indoctrination and Inoculation

Which of the following observations provides the best evidence that intelligence test scores are influenced by heredity?

A test that measures or predicts what it is supposed to is said to have a high degree of

When retested on the WAIS,people's second scores generally match their first scores quite closely. This indicates that the test has a high degree of

The characteristics of savant syndrome most directly suggest that intelligence is

You would not use a test of hearing acuity as an intelligence test because it would lack

Experts would most likely agree that intelligence is a(n)

Reported racial gaps in average intelligence scores are most likely attributable to

Research indicates that Head Start programs

The heritability of intelligence is lowest among genetically

Sasha demonstrates a mild level of intellectual disability. She has achieved the equivalent of a fifth-grade education and will soon begin vocational training so that she can earn a living. Sasha's intelligence score is most likely between

Robert Sternberg distinguished among analytical,practical,and ________ intelligence.

Melvin has been diagnosed as having savant syndrome,which means that he

If a test assesses a representative sample of the behavior it is intended to assess,the test is said to have

Males are most likely to outnumber females in a class designed for high school students highly gifted in

Studies of adopted children and their biological and adoptive families demonstrate that with age,genetic influences on intelligence

To assess mental age,Binet and Simon measured children's

Sweden and Iceland exhibit little of the gender gap in mathematical abilities found in Turkey and Korea. This best illustrates that mental abilities are

An intelligence test score of 70 or below and difficulty adapting to the normal demands of life is most clearly an indication of

Babies in an Iranian orphanage suffered delayed intellectual development due to

Doing Social Psychology

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Self-Serving Bias

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The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition

Clinical Therapy: the Powers of Social Cognition

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender,genes,and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Two Routes to Persuasion

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

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Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

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The Ups and Downs of Love

Causes of Conflict

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