Question 1

The fact that a person is less likely to help in an emergency when other people are present is called

Accepted Answer

A) the bystander effect. 
B) pluralistic ignorance. 
C) the self-interest effect. 
D) the suppression of responsibility effect. 
A) the bystander effect. 
B) pluralistic ignorance. 
C) the self-interest effect. 
D) the suppression of responsibility effect. A

Question 2

The bystander effect reflects the fact that

Accepted Answer

A) "two heads are better than one." 
B) "birds of a feather flock together." 
C) "there is safety in numbers." 
D) "there is no safety in numbers." 
A) "two heads are better than one." 
B) "birds of a feather flock together." 
C) "there is safety in numbers." 
D) "there is no safety in numbers." D

Question 3

Before agreeing to volunteer at the local homeless shelter,Sharon weighs the costs (e.g.,getting up at dawn)and benefits (e.g.,feeling good about herself)of doing so.This strategy is explained by the

Accepted Answer

A) empathy-altruism hypothesis. 
B) social-exchange theory. 
C) social responsibility norm. 
D) social comparison theory. 
A) empathy-altruism hypothesis. 
B) social-exchange theory. 
C) social responsibility norm. 
D) social comparison theory. B

Question 4

The motive to increase another's welfare without conscious regard for one's self-interests defines

Accepted Answer

A) ostracism. 
B) egoism. 
C) narcissism. 
D) altruism. 
A) ostracism. 
B) egoism. 
C) narcissism. 
D) altruism.

Question 5

The theory that humans interact in such a way as to minimize costs and maximize rewards to the self is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) the social-exchange theory. 
B) the self-perception theory. 
C) the social facilitation theory. 
D) the cognitive dissonance theory. 
A) the social-exchange theory. 
B) the self-perception theory. 
C) the social facilitation theory. 
D) the cognitive dissonance theory.

Question 6

Which of the following is a situation in which the probability of a victim of an accident being helped by observers is the highest?

Accepted Answer

A) The victim is of a different race from the observers. 
B) The observers are not hurried. 
C) The victim and the observers are in a big city. 
D) The observers have just observed an unhelpful model. 
A) The victim is of a different race from the observers. 
B) The observers are not hurried. 
C) The victim and the observers are in a big city. 
D) The observers have just observed an unhelpful model.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why Sabrina stopped to open a door for a mother carrying her crying child in one arm and holding the hand of her elderly father with her other hand?

Accepted Answer

A) the reciprocity norm 
B) the altruistic norm 
C) the social-responsibility norm 
D) the bystander norm 
A) the reciprocity norm 
B) the altruistic norm 
C) the social-responsibility norm 
D) the bystander norm

Question 8

According to the text,the _____ provides the classic illustration of pure altruism.

Accepted Answer

A) parable of the Prodigal Son 
B) parable of the Good Samaritan 
C) Kitty Genovese case 
D) Sylvia Likens case 
A) parable of the Prodigal Son 
B) parable of the Good Samaritan 
C) Kitty Genovese case 
D) Sylvia Likens case

Question 9

According to the bystander effect,

Accepted Answer

A) we are more likely to help others when others are present. 
B) we are less likely to help others when others are present. 
C) we are unaffected by bystanders when help is needed. 
D) a bystander is the person most likely to help. 
A) we are more likely to help others when others are present. 
B) we are less likely to help others when others are present. 
C) we are unaffected by bystanders when help is needed. 
D) a bystander is the person most likely to help.

Question 10

Which of the following is one of the steps in Darley and Latané's decision tree?

Accepted Answer

A) noticing an incident 
B) interpreting an incident as an emergency 
C) weighing the costs and benefits of helping 
D) assuming responsibility for intervening 
A) noticing an incident 
B) interpreting an incident as an emergency 
C) weighing the costs and benefits of helping 
D) assuming responsibility for intervening

Question 11

Latané and Darley attempted to explain people's failure to intervene in cases like that of Kitty Genovese in terms of

Accepted Answer

A) situational influences. 
B) personality traits. 
C) mood factors. 
D) selfish genes. 
A) situational influences. 
B) personality traits. 
C) mood factors. 
D) selfish genes.

Question 12

You trip over a fallen branch and sprain your ankle.According to research on the bystander effect,a stranger who sees your plight will be most likely to offer aid if there are _____ others present.

Accepted Answer

A) no 
B) two 
C) four 
D) ten 
A) no 
B) two 
C) four 
D) ten

Question 13

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk because of a heart attack.According to Darley and Latané,what is the first thing that must happen before you help in this emergency?

Accepted Answer

A) You must recognize the event as life-threatening. 
B) You must assume responsibility for helping. 
C) You must notice the stranger. 
D) You must make sure the victim is alone and truly in need of help. 
A) You must recognize the event as life-threatening. 
B) You must assume responsibility for helping. 
C) You must notice the stranger. 
D) You must make sure the victim is alone and truly in need of help.

Question 14

In the experimental studies on bystander nonintervention,researchers have

Accepted Answer

A) always first obtained the participant's informed consent. 
B) been careful to debrief their laboratory participants. 
C) subsequently found that most research participants believe the laboratory experiments have little,if any,value or application to everyday life. 
D) been unable to replicate real-life situations. 
A) always first obtained the participant's informed consent. 
B) been careful to debrief their laboratory participants. 
C) subsequently found that most research participants believe the laboratory experiments have little,if any,value or application to everyday life. 
D) been unable to replicate real-life situations.

Question 15

Latané and Darley (1968)had university students complete questionnaires in a small room and then had smoke pour into the room from a wall vent.Students who were working _____ tended to notice the smoke in _____.

Accepted Answer

A) in groups; less than five seconds 
B) alone; less than five seconds. 
C) on a challenging task; about 20 seconds 
D) on a rote task; less than five seconds 
A) in groups; less than five seconds 
B) alone; less than five seconds. 
C) on a challenging task; about 20 seconds 
D) on a rote task; less than five seconds

Question 16

When Sally missed her biology class,Joe loaned her his notes.According to _____,if Joe misses his biology class,Sally should share her notes.

Accepted Answer

A) the reciprocity norm 
B) the status norm 
C) the social-responsibility norm 
D) the bystander norm 
A) the reciprocity norm 
B) the status norm 
C) the social-responsibility norm 
D) the bystander norm

Question 17

In observing people's responses to staged emergencies,Darley and Latané (1970)found that _____ greatly decreased intervention.

Accepted Answer

A) social alienation 
B) a lack of empathy 
C) the presence of other bystanders 
D) self-concern 
A) social alienation 
B) a lack of empathy 
C) the presence of other bystanders 
D) self-concern

Question 18

You are asked to participate in a blood drive.While thinking about doing so,you weigh the costs (e.g.,being pricked by a needle)and benefits (e.g.,feeling good about yourself)of doing so.This strategy can be explained by the

Accepted Answer

A) empathy-altruism hypothesis. 
B) social-exchange theory. 
C) social responsibility norm. 
D) social comparison theory. 
A) empathy-altruism hypothesis. 
B) social-exchange theory. 
C) social responsibility norm. 
D) social comparison theory.

Question 19

You were walking down the street with your friend Sabrina when she stopped to ask a child why he was crying.The boy said that he was lost,so Sabrina took time out of her busy day to help the child find his way home.Sabrina's behavior reflects

Accepted Answer

A) the reciprocity norm. 
B) egoism. 
C) the social-exchange theory. 
D) altruism. 
A) the reciprocity norm. 
B) egoism. 
C) the social-exchange theory. 
D) altruism.

Question 20

Darley and Latané described a sequence of steps a bystander must take before intervening in an emergency.Which of the following is one of the specific steps?

Accepted Answer

A) noticing the incident 
B) interpreting the incident as an emergency 
C) assessing the victim's desire for help 
D) assuming personal responsibility for intervening 
A) noticing the incident 
B) interpreting the incident as an emergency 
C) assessing the victim's desire for help 
D) assuming personal responsibility for intervening

Exam 30: When Do People Help

The fact that a person is less likely to help in an emergency when other people are present is called

The bystander effect reflects the fact that

Before agreeing to volunteer at the local homeless shelter,Sharon weighs the costs (e.g.,getting up at dawn)and benefits (e.g.,feeling good about herself)of doing so.This strategy is explained by the

The motive to increase another's welfare without conscious regard for one's self-interests defines

The theory that humans interact in such a way as to minimize costs and maximize rewards to the self is referred to as

Which of the following is a situation in which the probability of a victim of an accident being helped by observers is the highest?

Which of the following best explains why Sabrina stopped to open a door for a mother carrying her crying child in one arm and holding the hand of her elderly father with her other hand?

According to the text,the _____ provides the classic illustration of pure altruism.

According to the bystander effect,

Which of the following is one of the steps in Darley and Latané's decision tree?

Latané and Darley attempted to explain people's failure to intervene in cases like that of Kitty Genovese in terms of

You trip over a fallen branch and sprain your ankle.According to research on the bystander effect,a stranger who sees your plight will be most likely to offer aid if there are _____ others present.

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk because of a heart attack.According to Darley and Latané,what is the first thing that must happen before you help in this emergency?

In the experimental studies on bystander nonintervention,researchers have

Latané and Darley (1968)had university students complete questionnaires in a small room and then had smoke pour into the room from a wall vent.Students who were working _____ tended to notice the smoke in _____.

When Sally missed her biology class,Joe loaned her his notes.According to _____,if Joe misses his biology class,Sally should share her notes.

In observing people's responses to staged emergencies,Darley and Latané (1970)found that _____ greatly decreased intervention.

You are asked to participate in a blood drive.While thinking about doing so,you weigh the costs (e.g.,being pricked by a needle)and benefits (e.g.,feeling good about yourself)of doing so.This strategy can be explained by the

You were walking down the street with your friend Sabrina when she stopped to ask a child why he was crying.The boy said that he was lost,so Sabrina took time out of her busy day to help the child find his way home.Sabrina's behavior reflects

Darley and Latané described a sequence of steps a bystander must take before intervening in an emergency.Which of the following is one of the specific steps?

Doing Social Psychology

Did You Know It All Along

Self-Concept Who Am I

Self-Serving Bias

Narcissism and the Limits of Self-Esteem

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition Key

Clinical Therapy the Powers of Social Cognition

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender,genes,and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Two Routes to Persuasion

Itrination and Inoculation

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

Do the Media Influence Social Behavior

Who Likes Whom

The Ups and Downs of Love

Causes of Conflict

Blessed Are the Peacemakers

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Filters

Latané and Darley (1968)had university students complete questionnaires in a small room and then had smoke pour into the room from a wall vent.Students who were working _ tended to notice the smoke in _.