Question 1

Which of the following is a comment you are least likely to hear being made within a group characterized by groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A) "Our critics are not very smart." 
B) "Our past decisions have always been right." 
C) "Let's weigh all the alternatives carefully before we proceed." 
D) "It seems to me we are all in agreement on this,so let's proceed." 
A) "Our critics are not very smart." 
B) "Our past decisions have always been right." 
C) "Let's weigh all the alternatives carefully before we proceed." 
D) "It seems to me we are all in agreement on this,so let's proceed."

Question 2

The text suggests that the extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of

Accepted Answer

A) group polarization. 
B) pluralistic ignorance. 
C) social loafing. 
D) social facilitation. 
A) group polarization. 
B) pluralistic ignorance. 
C) social loafing. 
D) social facilitation.

Question 3

Which of the following comments is most likely to be made in a group characterized by groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A) "We have been in agreement on matters in the past,and I hope that will continue." 
B) "Joe,why don't you play devil's advocate and challenge the course of action most of us seem to prefer?" 
C) "I think we need some outsiders to come in and critique our decision before we proceed." 
D) "We have made some stupid mistakes in the past.Let's work carefully to not make the same errors again." 
A) "We have been in agreement on matters in the past,and I hope that will continue." 
B) "Joe,why don't you play devil's advocate and challenge the course of action most of us seem to prefer?" 
C) "I think we need some outsiders to come in and critique our decision before we proceed." 
D) "We have made some stupid mistakes in the past.Let's work carefully to not make the same errors again."

Question 4

In the context of group polarization,which of the following statements is true of informational influence?

Accepted Answer

A) People express stronger opinions after discovering that others share their views. 
B) People shift their positions when they hear relevant arguments without learning the specific stands other people assume. 
C) People fail to realize how strongly others support the socially preferred tendency. 
D) People restrained by a misperceived group norm refrain from voicing their opinions. 
A) People express stronger opinions after discovering that others share their views. 
B) People shift their positions when they hear relevant arguments without learning the specific stands other people assume. 
C) People fail to realize how strongly others support the socially preferred tendency. 
D) People restrained by a misperceived group norm refrain from voicing their opinions.

Question 5

What underlying processes help to explain the occurrence of group polarization?

Accepted Answer

A) informational influences and normative influences 
B) minority influences and social facilitation 
C) psychological reactance and deindividuation 
D) social comparison and self-censorship 
A) informational influences and normative influences 
B) minority influences and social facilitation 
C) psychological reactance and deindividuation 
D) social comparison and self-censorship

Question 6

According to the text,groupthink symptoms can be viewed as a form of dissonance reduction as group members

Accepted Answer

A) try to maintain their positive group feelings. 
B) try to persuade other group members of their opinions. 
C) underestimate their group's might. 
D) discuss their group's vulnerability. 
A) try to maintain their positive group feelings. 
B) try to persuade other group members of their opinions. 
C) underestimate their group's might. 
D) discuss their group's vulnerability.

Question 7

Evaluating one's opinions and abilities by comparing oneself with others is called

Accepted Answer

A) informational influence. 
B) normative influence. 
C) the reactance theory. 
D) the social comparison theory. 
A) informational influence. 
B) normative influence. 
C) the reactance theory. 
D) the social comparison theory.

Question 8

Individuals who believe that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized meet to discuss the issue.Research on group interaction suggests that after the discussion the individuals will be

Accepted Answer

A) more likely to question the wisdom of legalizing physician-assisted suicides. 
B) even more convinced that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized. 
C) sharply divided over whether physician-assisted suicides should be legalized. 
D) opposed to the legalization of physician-assisted suicides. 
A) more likely to question the wisdom of legalizing physician-assisted suicides. 
B) even more convinced that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized. 
C) sharply divided over whether physician-assisted suicides should be legalized. 
D) opposed to the legalization of physician-assisted suicides.

Question 9

Social comparison is likely to sway responses on

Accepted Answer

A) issues that have a factual element. 
B) moderate rather than severe issues. 
C) value-laden judgments. 
D) complex rather than simple issues. 
A) issues that have a factual element. 
B) moderate rather than severe issues. 
C) value-laden judgments. 
D) complex rather than simple issues.

Question 10

Research on group polarization began with the erroneous conclusion that group discussion leads to

Accepted Answer

A) a risky shift. 
B) groupthink. 
C) pluralistic ignorance. 
D) group moderation. 
A) a risky shift. 
B) groupthink. 
C) pluralistic ignorance. 
D) group moderation.

Question 11

Wright (2003)suggested that the Internet is an effective means to rally like-minded people and mobilize lethal consequences,such as recruiting individuals for terrorist organizations.Which concept in social psychology best explains this trend?

Accepted Answer

A) group polarization 
B) pluralistic ignorance 
C) social loafing 
D) social facilitation 
A) group polarization 
B) pluralistic ignorance 
C) social loafing 
D) social facilitation

Question 12

_____ are members who protect their group from information that would call into question the effectiveness or morality of its decisions.

Accepted Answer

A) Bystanders 
B) Mindguards 
C) Social loafers 
D) Social facilitators 
A) Bystanders 
B) Mindguards 
C) Social loafers 
D) Social facilitators

Question 13

Maggie favors the death penalty.In discussing this issue with some like-minded classmates,she hears arguments that she has never considered before.After the discussion,her opinion is more extreme.This outcome is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) informational influence. 
B) normative influence. 
C) the reactance theory. 
D) the social comparison theory. 
A) informational influence. 
B) normative influence. 
C) the reactance theory. 
D) the social comparison theory.

Question 14

According to Irving Janis,groupthink is most likely to result when a group is

Accepted Answer

A) adaptable and open to change. 
B) exposed to dissenting viewpoints. 
C) amiable and cohesive. 
D) lacking a directive leader. 
A) adaptable and open to change. 
B) exposed to dissenting viewpoints. 
C) amiable and cohesive. 
D) lacking a directive leader.

Question 15

Which one of the following is an explanation of group polarization?

Accepted Answer

A) informational influence 
B) normative influence 
C) social facilitation 
D) desire to be accepted 
A) informational influence 
B) normative influence 
C) social facilitation 
D) desire to be accepted

Exam 20: How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Which of the following is a comment you are least likely to hear being made within a group characterized by groupthink?

The text suggests that the extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of

Which of the following comments is most likely to be made in a group characterized by groupthink?

In the context of group polarization,which of the following statements is true of informational influence?

What underlying processes help to explain the occurrence of group polarization?

According to the text,groupthink symptoms can be viewed as a form of dissonance reduction as group members

Evaluating one's opinions and abilities by comparing oneself with others is called

Individuals who believe that physician-assisted suicides should be legalized meet to discuss the issue.Research on group interaction suggests that after the discussion the individuals will be

Social comparison is likely to sway responses on

Research on group polarization began with the erroneous conclusion that group discussion leads to

Wright (2003)suggested that the Internet is an effective means to rally like-minded people and mobilize lethal consequences,such as recruiting individuals for terrorist organizations.Which concept in social psychology best explains this trend?

_____ are members who protect their group from information that would call into question the effectiveness or morality of its decisions.

Maggie favors the death penalty.In discussing this issue with some like-minded classmates,she hears arguments that she has never considered before.After the discussion,her opinion is more extreme.This outcome is an example of

According to Irving Janis,groupthink is most likely to result when a group is

Which one of the following is an explanation of group polarization?

Doing Social Psychology

Did You Know It All Along

Self-Concept Who Am I

Self-Serving Bias

Narcissism and the Limits of Self-Esteem

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition Key

Clinical Therapy the Powers of Social Cognition

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender,genes,and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Two Routes to Persuasion

Itrination and Inoculation

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

Do the Media Influence Social Behavior

Who Likes Whom

The Ups and Downs of Love

Causes of Conflict

Blessed Are the Peacemakers

When Do People Help

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

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