Exam 11: Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

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For a given level of significance, if the sample size is increased, the probability of committing a Type II error will increase.

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You cannot commit a(n) ____________________ error when the null hypothesis is true.

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Increasing the probability of a Type I error will increase the probability of a Type II error.

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If we reject the null hypothesis, we conclude that there is enough statistical evidence to infer that the alternative hypothesis is true.

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A null hypothesis is a statement about the value of a population parameter.

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NARRBEGIN: Rechargeable Batteries Rechargeable Batteries A researcher wants to study the average lifetime of a certain brand of rechargeable batteries (in hours). In testing the hypotheses, H0: μ\mu = 950 hours vs. H1: μ\mu =950 hours, a random sample of 25 rechargeable batteries is drawn from a normal population whose standard deviation is 200 hours.NARREND -{Rechargeable Batteries Narrative} Calculate the power of the test when μ\mu = 1000 and α\alpha = 0.10.

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The probability of a Type I error is denoted by:

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The critical values z α\alpha or z α\alpha / 2 are the boundary values for:

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NARRBEGIN: Toaster Oven Toaster Oven An appliance manufacturer claims to have developed a new toaster oven that consumes an average of no more than 250 W. From previous studies, it is believed that power consumption for toaster ovens is normally distributed with a standard deviation of 18 W. A consumer group suspects the actual average is more than 250 W. They take a sample of 20 toaster ovens and calculate the average consumption to be 260 W.NARREND -{Toaster Oven Narrative} What is the value of the test statistic?

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To test the hypotheses: H0: μ\mu = 40 vs. H1: μ\mu \neq 40, we draw a random sample of size 16 from a normal population whose standard deviation is 5. If we set α\alpha = 0.01, find the probability of committing a Type II error when μ\mu = 37.

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The rejection region for testing H0: μ\mu = 80 vs. H1: μ\mu < 80, at the 0.10 level of significance is:

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NARRBEGIN: Marathon Runners Marathon Runners A researcher wants to study the average miles run per day for marathon runners. In testing the hypotheses: H0: μ\mu =25 miles vs. H1: μ\mu\neq 25 miles, a random sample of 36 marathon runners drawn from a normal population whose standard deviation is 10, produced a mean of 22.8 miles weekly.NARREND -{Marathon Runners Narrative} Explain briefly how to use the confidence interval to test the hypothesis.

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NARRBEGIN: LSAT Scores LSAT Scores The Admissions officer for the graduate programs at the University of Pennsylvania believes that the average score on the LSAT exam at his university is significantly higher than the national average of 1,300. An accepted standard deviation for LSAT scores is 125. A random sample of 25 scores had an average of 1,375.NARREND -{LSAT Scores Narrative} Calculate the value of the test statistic and set up the rejection region at the 0.025 level. What is your conclusion?

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Suppose that in a certain hypothesis test the null hypothesis is rejected at the .10 level; it is also rejected at the .05 level; however it cannot be rejected at the .01 level. The most accurate statement that can be made about the p-value for this test is that:

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A p-value is a probability, and must be between 0 and 1.

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The ____________________ is a range of values such that if the test statistic falls into that range we reject the null hypothesis.

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If a researcher rejects a true null hypothesis, she has made a(n) ____________________ error.

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It is possible to directly compare the results of a confidence interval estimate to the results obtained by testing a null hypothesis if:

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If we do not reject the null hypothesis, we conclude that:

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Which of the following probabilities is equal to the significance level α\alpha ?

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