Exam 11: Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

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The probability of a Type II error is denoted by ____________________.

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In testing a hypothesis, statements for the null and alternative hypotheses as well as the selection of the level of significance should precede the collection and examination of the data.

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After you set up the hypotheses and collect your data, you calculate the statistic that serves as the criterion for making your decision. This number is called the ____________________ statistic.

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In testing the hypotheses H0: μ\mu = 50 vs. H1: μ\mu\neq 50, the following information is known: n = 64, xˉ\bar { x } = 53.5, and σ\sigma = 10. The standardized test statistic z equals:

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In order to determine the p-value, it is necessary to know the level of significance.

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NARRBEGIN: Production Filling Production Filling A production filling operation has a historical standard deviation of 6 ounces. When in proper adjustment, the mean filling weight for the production process is 50 ounces. A quality control inspector periodically selects at random 36 containers and uses the sample mean filling weight to see if the process is in proper adjustment.NARREND -{Production Filling Narrative} Develop a 95% confidence interval and use it to test the hypothesis.

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Formulate the null and alternative hypothesis in each case: a.Ten years ago the average American drank 2.5 cups of coffee per day. You suspect that amount has changed since then. b.A researcher at Ohio State University speculates that the average SAT score for entering freshmen is higher than the national average of 1,650. c.The manager of the University of Iowa bookstore suspects the average amount of money a student spends on books is less than the reported $400.

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If we reject a null hypothesis at the 0.05 level of significance, then we must also reject it at the 0.10 level.

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The owner of a local Karaoke Bar has recently surveyed a random sample of n = 300 customers of the bar. She would now like to determine whether or not the mean age of her customers is over 35. If so, she plans to alter the entertainment to appeal to an older crowd. If not, no entertainment changes will be made. If she wants to be 99% confident in her decision, what rejection region she use if the population standard deviation σ\sigma is known?

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In a criminal trial, a Type I error is made when an innocent person is convicted.

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For a given level of significance, if the sample size is increased, the power of the test will increase.

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Which of the following p-values will lead us to reject the null hypothesis if the level of significance equals 0.05?

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NARRBEGIN: Watching the News Watching the News A researcher claims viewers spend an average of 40 minutes per day watching the news. You think the average is higher than that. In testing your hypotheses H0: μ\mu = 40 vs. H1: μ\mu > 40, the following information came from your random sample of viewers: Xˉ\bar { X } = 42 minutes, n = 25. Assume σ\sigma = 5.5, and α\alpha = 0.10.NARREND -{Watching the News Narrative} Determine the p-value.

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For a two-tail test, the null hypothesis will be rejected at the 0.05 level of significance if the value of the standardized test statistic z is:

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The probability of making a Type I error and the level of significance are the same.

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For a given level of significance, if the sample size is increased, the probability of committing a Type I error will decrease.

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As the alternative value of μ\mu increases, so does the power of the test.

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If a researcher rejects a false null hypothesis, she has made a(n) ____________________ decision.

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In testing the hypotheses H0: μ\mu = 50 vs. H1: μ\mu < 50, we found that the standardized test statistic is z = -1.59. Calculate the p-value, and state your conclusion if α\alpha = .025.

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A(n) ____________________ characteristic curve plots the probability of a Type II error for various alternative values of ____________________.

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