Question 1

Energy that an object has by virtue of its motion is called ________

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetic energy. 
B)  thermal energy. 
C)  potential energy. 
D)  orbital energy. 
E)  mechanical energy. 
A)  kinetic energy. 
B)  thermal energy. 
C)  potential energy. 
D)  orbital energy. 
E)  mechanical energy.

Question 2

A 300 kg black bear hibernates in the winter. During hibernation the bear's body temperature drops from 37 to 31°C. How many grams of glucose must the bear metabolize to restore its body temperature to normal? Assume the bear's body is mostly water with a specific heat capacity of 4.2 J/(g . °C) and that all the energy from the combustion of glucose is used to raise the bear's body temperature. (Glucose: $\Delta$H(combustion) = -2,830 kJ/mol, molar mass = 180 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

A)  7,560 g 
B)  2.67 g 
C)  2,975 g 
D)  481 g 
E)  16.5 g 
A)  7,560 g 
B)  2.67 g 
C)  2,975 g 
D)  481 g 
E)  16.5 g

Question 3

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  When dry ice sublimes to form CO2(g), the internal energy of the surroundings decreases. 
B)  In any physical process, such as dew forming on grass or carbon dioxide subliming, the internal energy of the system does not change. 
C)  When dew forms on grass overnight, the energy of the water molecules decreases. 
D)  When dew forms on grass overnight, the energy of the surroundings (grass, air, etc.) increases. 
E)  When dry ice sublimes to form CO2(g), the energy of the carbon dioxide increases. 
A)  When dry ice sublimes to form CO2(g), the internal energy of the surroundings decreases. 
B)  In any physical process, such as dew forming on grass or carbon dioxide subliming, the internal energy of the system does not change. 
C)  When dew forms on grass overnight, the energy of the water molecules decreases. 
D)  When dew forms on grass overnight, the energy of the surroundings (grass, air, etc.) increases. 
E)  When dry ice sublimes to form CO2(g), the energy of the carbon dioxide increases.

Question 4

The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the minimum energy intake required to maintain a body that is awake and at rest. Although the rate varies with age, gender, health, and body mass, a reasonable value is 1,600 Cal per day. Walking can require 2.5 times the BMR, and exertion in work or sports can require 7 times the BMR. Using this information, calculate the energy expended by someone playing basketball, and determine how many minutes she could play with the energy from one jelly doughnut that has a mass of 50 g and a food value of 5 Cal/g.

Accepted Answer

(7 * 1600 Cal/day)(1

Question 5

The heating curve for a substance is shown below. The substance initially is a solid. It then becomes a liquid and a gas. Which of the line segments (I-V) represents the solid to liquid phase transition?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
E)  V 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
E)  V

Question 6

Which of the following substances will release the most energy during combustion in air?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 mol of C6H14 
B)  1 mol of C2H6 
C)  1 g of C6H14 
D)  1 g of C2H6 
E)  Cannot answer without more information. 
A)  1 mol of C6H14 
B)  1 mol of C2H6 
C)  1 g of C6H14 
D)  1 g of C2H6 
E)  Cannot answer without more information.

Question 7

C8H18 (114 g/mol, d = 0.69 g/mL) is a good model for gasoline, and C16H34 (226 g/mol, d = 0.85 g/mL) is a good model for diesel fuel. These compounds have enthalpies of combustion of 5,460 kJ/mol and 10,800 kJ/mol, respectively. Calculate the fuel density (kJ/mL) of these compounds, and determine how many times more valuable diesel fuel is in terms of its energy content as measured by fuel density.

Accepted Answer

Energy densities: Gasoline = 3

Question 8

The cooling system in an automobile holds 10.0 L of ethylene glycol antifreeze. How much energy is absorbed when the temperature of the ethylene glycol goes from 20°C to 100°C? The density and specific heat capacity of ethylene glycol are 1.11 g/mL and 2.42 J/(g . °C), respectively.

Accepted Answer

A)  2,150 J 
B)  2,150 kJ 
C)  1,940 kJ 
D)  1,940 J 
E)  215 J 
A)  2,150 J 
B)  2,150 kJ 
C)  1,940 kJ 
D)  1,940 J 
E)  215 J

Question 9

Which statement A-D about the first law of thermodynamics ($\Delta$Esystem = q + w) is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  ($\Delta$Esystem is the change in the internal energy of a system.) 
B)  q is the energy added to or removed from the system. 
C)  q usually is called heat. 
D)  w is the energy added to or removed from the system by a deformation; that is, a force moves something. 
E)  The statements A-D are all correct. 
A)  ($\Delta$Esystem is the change in the internal energy of a system.) 
B)  q is the energy added to or removed from the system. 
C)  q usually is called heat. 
D)  w is the energy added to or removed from the system by a deformation; that is, a force moves something. 
E)  The statements A-D are all correct.

Question 10

The best definition of the enthalpy change is ________

Accepted Answer

A)  the energy that is transferred into or out of a system because of a temperature difference when the pressure is constant and only PV work is done. 
B)  the change in internal energy of a system when the pressure is constant. 
C)  the change in internal energy of a system when the volume is constant. 
D)  the energy that is transferred into or out of a system when the pressure is constant and no work is done. 
E)  the change in internal energy of a system when the pressure is constant and no work is done. 
A)  the energy that is transferred into or out of a system because of a temperature difference when the pressure is constant and only PV work is done. 
B)  the change in internal energy of a system when the pressure is constant. 
C)  the change in internal energy of a system when the volume is constant. 
D)  the energy that is transferred into or out of a system when the pressure is constant and no work is done. 
E)  the change in internal energy of a system when the pressure is constant and no work is done.

Question 11

Suppose you eat a one-third pound hamburger without bread, cheese, or other items. Approximately how long would you need to walk to use up the calories in the hamburger? Assume the mass of the hamburger is 150 g with 3.6 Cal/g and that walking requires 2.5 times a basal metabolic rate of 280 kJ/hr.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 hours 
B)  3 hours 
C)  4 hours 
D)  5 hours 
E)  6 hours 
A)  2 hours 
B)  3 hours 
C)  4 hours 
D)  5 hours 
E)  6 hours

Question 12

In addition to identifying the reactants and products, a thermochemical reaction equation provides ________

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of energy released or absorbed. 
B)  the temperature. 
C)  the work needed to drive the reaction. 
D)  the cost of the reactants. 
E)  the energy of the products. 
A)  the amount of energy released or absorbed. 
B)  the temperature. 
C)  the work needed to drive the reaction. 
D)  the cost of the reactants. 
E)  the energy of the products.

Question 13

In an experiment, 74.3 g of metallic copper was heated to 100.0°C and then quickly dropped into 200.0 mL of water in a calorimeter. The heat capacity of the calorimeter with the water was
875 J/°C. The initial temperature of the calorimeter was 27.5°C, and the final temperature after addition of the metal was 29.8°C. What is the value of the molar heat capacity of copper?

Accepted Answer

A)  4.18 J/(mol . °
C)  
B)  8.17 J/(mol . °
C)  
C)  49.0 J/(mol . °
C)  
D)  12.3 J/(mol . °
C)  
E)  24.5 J/(mol . °
C)  
A)  4.18 J/(mol . °
C)  
B)  8.17 J/(mol . °
C)  
C)  49.0 J/(mol . °
C)  
D)  12.3 J/(mol . °
C)  
E)  24.5 J/(mol . °
C)

Question 14

Benzoic acid is used to determine the heat capacity of bomb calorimeters because it can be obtained in pure form and its energy of combustion is known very accurately (-26.43 kJ/g). Determine the heat capacity of a calorimeter that had a temperature increase of 9.199°C when 3.500 g of benzoic acid was used.

Accepted Answer

A)  5.061 kJ/°C 
B)  10.06 kJ/°C 
C)  2.032 kJ/°C 
D)  20.12 kJ/°C 
E)  15.37 kJ/°C 
A)  5.061 kJ/°C 
B)  10.06 kJ/°C 
C)  2.032 kJ/°C 
D)  20.12 kJ/°C 
E)  15.37 kJ/°C

Question 15

Determine the standard enthalpy of formation for NO given the following information about the formation of NO2 under standard conditions, and $\Delta$H ${ } _ { f } ^ { \circ } \mathrm { }$ (NO2) = + 33.2 kJ/mol.
2NO(g) + O2(g) $\rightarrow$2NO2(g) $\Delta$Hrxn = -114.2 kJ

Accepted Answer

A)  90.3 kJ/mol 
B)  -90.3 kJ/mol 
C)  -147.4 kJ/mol 
D)  -180.6 kJ/mol 
E)  -73.7 kJ/mol 
A)  90.3 kJ/mol 
B)  -90.3 kJ/mol 
C)  -147.4 kJ/mol 
D)  -180.6 kJ/mol 
E)  -73.7 kJ/mol

Question 16

Using the following data for water, determine the energy required to melt 1.00 g of ice (solid water) at its melting point. $$\begin{array} { | l | l | } 
\hline \text { Boiling point } & 373 \mathrm {~K} \
\hline \text { Melting point } & 273 \mathrm {~K} \
\hline \text { Enthalpy of vaporization } & 2,260 \mathrm {~J} / \mathrm { g } \
\hline \text { Enthalpy of fusion } & 334 \mathrm {~J} / \mathrm { g } \
\hline \text { Specific heat capacity (solid) } & 2.11 \mathrm {~J} / ( \mathrm { g } \cdot \mathrm { K } ) \
\hline \text { Specific heat capacity (liquid) } & 4.18 \mathrm {~J} / ( \mathrm { g } \cdot \mathrm { K } ) \
\hline \text { Specific heat capacity (gas) } & 2.08 \mathrm {~J} / ( \mathrm { g } \cdot \mathrm { K } ) \
\hline
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

A)  11.7 kJ 
B)  23.2 kJ 
C)  4.96 kJ 
D)  0.334 kJ 
E)  2.26 kJ 
A)  11.7 kJ 
B)  23.2 kJ 
C)  4.96 kJ 
D)  0.334 kJ 
E)  2.26 kJ

Question 17

Using the following data for water, determine the final temperature when 100 g of ice at -10°C is heated with 100 kJ of energy. $$\begin{array} { | l | l | } 
\hline \text { Boiling point } & 373 \mathrm {~K} \
\hline \text { Melting point } & 273 \mathrm {~K} \
\hline \text { Enthalpy of vaporization } & 2,260 \mathrm {~J} / \mathrm { g } \
\hline \text { Enthalpy of fusion } & 334 \mathrm {~J} / \mathrm { g } \
\hline \text { Specific heat capacity (solid) } & 2.11 \mathrm {~J} / ( \mathrm { g } \cdot \mathrm { K } ) \
\hline \text { Specific heat capacity (liquid) } & 4.18 \mathrm {~J} / ( \mathrm { g } \cdot \mathrm { K } ) \
\hline \text { Specific heat capacity (gas) } & 2.08 \mathrm {~J} / ( \mathrm { g } \cdot \mathrm { K } ) \
\hline
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

A)  95°C 
B)  100°C 
C)  382°C 
D)  109°C 
E)  209°C 
A)  95°C 
B)  100°C 
C)  382°C 
D)  109°C 
E)  209°C

Question 18

Work is done when a force moves an object some distance. Newton defined force as mass times acceleration. Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes. What are the units of work?

Accepted Answer

A)  kg .m2 .s-2 
B)  kg .m2 .s-1 
C)  kg . m .s-2 
D)  kg2 .m2 .s-2 
E)  kg. m 
A)  kg .m2 .s-2 
B)  kg .m2 .s-1 
C)  kg . m .s-2 
D)  kg2 .m2 .s-2 
E)  kg. m

Question 19

Determine the change in enthalpy for the following reaction from the enthalpies of formation for the reactants and products. 
(C2H2Cl2, +4.27 kJ/mol; C2H2Cl4, -155.6 kJ/mol)
Cl2(g) + C2H2Cl2(g) $\rightarrow$C2H2Cl4(g)

Accepted Answer

A)  +159.9 kJ/mol 
B)  -159.9 kJ/mol 
C)  -151.3 kJ/mol 
D)  +151.3 kJ/mol 
E)  +153.1 kJ/mol 
A)  +159.9 kJ/mol 
B)  -159.9 kJ/mol 
C)  -151.3 kJ/mol 
D)  +151.3 kJ/mol 
E)  +153.1 kJ/mol

Question 20

Which statement A-D about the relationship between energy and work is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  It takes energy to do work. 
B)  When work is done, the energy of something must increase. 
C)  When a force moves an object some distance, the energy of the object increases. 
D)  When water turns a water wheel, work is done and the energy of the water decreases. 
E)  Statements A-D all are correct. 
A)  It takes energy to do work. 
B)  When work is done, the energy of something must increase. 
C)  When a force moves an object some distance, the energy of the object increases. 
D)  When water turns a water wheel, work is done and the energy of the water decreases. 
E)  Statements A-D all are correct.

Energy that an object has by virtue of its motion is called ________

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

The heating curve for a substance is shown below. The substance initially is a solid. It then becomes a liquid and a gas. Which of the line segments (I-V) represents the solid to liquid phase transition?

Which of the following substances will release the most energy during combustion in air?

The cooling system in an automobile holds 10.0 L of ethylene glycol antifreeze. How much energy is absorbed when the temperature of the ethylene glycol goes from 20°C to 100°C? The density and specific heat capacity of ethylene glycol are 1.11 g/mL and 2.42 J/(g . °C), respectively.

Which statement A-D about the first law of thermodynamics ( $\Delta$ E_system= q + w) is not correct?

The best definition of the enthalpy change is ________

Suppose you eat a one-third pound hamburger without bread, cheese, or other items. Approximately how long would you need to walk to use up the calories in the hamburger? Assume the mass of the hamburger is 150 g with 3.6 Cal/g and that walking requires 2.5 times a basal metabolic rate of 280 kJ/hr.

In addition to identifying the reactants and products, a thermochemical reaction equation provides ________

Determine the standard enthalpy of formation for NO given the following information about the formation of NO₂ under standard conditions, and $\Delta$ H ${ } _ { f } ^ { \circ } \mathrm { }$ (NO₂) = + 33.2 kJ/mol. 2NO(g) + O₂(g) $\rightarrow$ 2NO₂(g) $\Delta$ H_rxn = -114.2 kJ

Work is done when a force moves an object some distance. Newton defined force as mass times acceleration. Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes. What are the units of work?

Determine the change in enthalpy for the following reaction from the enthalpies of formation for the reactants and products. (C₂H₂Cl₂, +4.27 kJ/mol; C₂H₂Cl₄, -155.6 kJ/mol) Cl₂(g) + C₂H₂Cl₂(g) $\rightarrow$ C₂H₂Cl₄(g)

Which statement A-D about the relationship between energy and work is not correct?

Matter and Energy: The Origin of the Universe

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules: Matter Starts Here

Stoichiometry: Mass, Formulas, and Reactions

Solution Chemistry: The Hydrosphere

Properties of Gases: the Air We Breathe

A Quantum Model of Atoms: Waves and Particles

Chemical Bonds: What Makes a Gas a Greenhouse Gas

Molecular Geometry: Shape Determines Function

Intermolecular Forces: The Uniqueness of Water

Solutions: Properties and Behavior

Solids: Structures and Applications

Organic Chemistry: Fuels, Pharmaceuticals, Materials, and Life

Chemical Kinetics: Reactions in the Air We Breathe

Chemical Equilibrium: How Much Product Does a Reaction Really Make

Acid-Base and Solubility Equilibria: Reactions in Soil and Water

Metal Ions: Colorful and Essential

Thermodynamics: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Reactions and Processes

Electrochemistry: the Quest for Clean Energy

Biochemistry: the Compounds of Life

Nuclear Chemistry: Applications to Energy and Medicine

Life and the Periodic Table

Filters

Exam 5: Thermochemistry: Energy Changes in Reactions

Energy that an object has by virtue of its motion is called ________

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

The heating curve for a substance is shown below. The substance initially is a solid. It then becomes a liquid and a gas. Which of the line segments (I-V) represents the solid to liquid phase transition?

Which of the following substances will release the most energy during combustion in air?

The cooling system in an automobile holds 10.0 L of ethylene glycol antifreeze. How much energy is absorbed when the temperature of the ethylene glycol goes from 20°C to 100°C? The density and specific heat capacity of ethylene glycol are 1.11 g/mL and 2.42 J/(g . °C), respectively.

Which statement A-D about the first law of thermodynamics ( Δ\DeltaΔ Esystem = q + w) is not correct?

The best definition of the enthalpy change is ________

Suppose you eat a one-third pound hamburger without bread, cheese, or other items. Approximately how long would you need to walk to use up the calories in the hamburger? Assume the mass of the hamburger is 150 g with 3.6 Cal/g and that walking requires 2.5 times a basal metabolic rate of 280 kJ/hr.

In addition to identifying the reactants and products, a thermochemical reaction equation provides ________

Determine the standard enthalpy of formation for NO given the following information about the formation of NO2 under standard conditions, and Δ\DeltaΔ H f∘{ } _ { f } ^ { \circ } \mathrm { }f∘​ (NO2) = + 33.2 kJ/mol. 2NO(g) + O2(g) →\rightarrow→ 2NO2(g) Δ\DeltaΔ Hrxn = -114.2 kJ

Work is done when a force moves an object some distance. Newton defined force as mass times acceleration. Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes. What are the units of work?

Determine the change in enthalpy for the following reaction from the enthalpies of formation for the reactants and products. (C2H2Cl2, +4.27 kJ/mol; C2H2Cl4, -155.6 kJ/mol) Cl2(g) + C2H2Cl2(g) →\rightarrow→ C2H2Cl4(g)

Which statement A-D about the relationship between energy and work is not correct?

Matter and Energy: The Origin of the Universe

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules: Matter Starts Here

Stoichiometry: Mass, Formulas, and Reactions

Solution Chemistry: The Hydrosphere

Properties of Gases: the Air We Breathe

A Quantum Model of Atoms: Waves and Particles

Chemical Bonds: What Makes a Gas a Greenhouse Gas

Molecular Geometry: Shape Determines Function

Intermolecular Forces: The Uniqueness of Water

Solutions: Properties and Behavior

Solids: Structures and Applications

Organic Chemistry: Fuels, Pharmaceuticals, Materials, and Life

Chemical Kinetics: Reactions in the Air We Breathe

Chemical Equilibrium: How Much Product Does a Reaction Really Make

Acid-Base and Solubility Equilibria: Reactions in Soil and Water

Metal Ions: Colorful and Essential

Thermodynamics: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Reactions and Processes

Electrochemistry: the Quest for Clean Energy

Biochemistry: the Compounds of Life

Nuclear Chemistry: Applications to Energy and Medicine

Life and the Periodic Table

Filters

Which statement A-D about the first law of thermodynamics ( $\Delta$ E_system= q + w) is not correct?

Determine the standard enthalpy of formation for NO given the following information about the formation of NO₂ under standard conditions, and $\Delta$ H ${ } _ { f } ^ { \circ } \mathrm { }$ (NO₂) = + 33.2 kJ/mol. 2NO(g) + O₂(g) $\rightarrow$ 2NO₂(g) $\Delta$ H_rxn = -114.2 kJ

Determine the change in enthalpy for the following reaction from the enthalpies of formation for the reactants and products. (C₂H₂Cl₂, +4.27 kJ/mol; C₂H₂Cl₄, -155.6 kJ/mol) Cl₂(g) + C₂H₂Cl₂(g) $\rightarrow$ C₂H₂Cl₄(g)