Question 1

In a pure hypothetical syllogism, can both premises have the same antecedent? The same consequent?

Accepted Answer

A) They can have the same antecedent, but not the same consequent. 
B) They can have the same consequent, but not the same antecedent. 
C) They can have the same consequent or the same antecedent. 
D) They can have the same consequent, but only if the antecedent is universal. 
E) They cannot have the same consequent or the same antecedent. 
A) They can have the same antecedent, but not the same consequent. 
B) They can have the same consequent, but not the same antecedent. 
C) They can have the same consequent or the same antecedent. 
D) They can have the same consequent, but only if the antecedent is universal. 
E) They cannot have the same consequent or the same antecedent. E

Question 2

What would the following proposition be in standard form? p if and only if q

Accepted Answer

A) if p, then q and if q, then p 
B) if p, then q 
C) if q, then p 
D) if not p, then q 
E) if not q, then p 
A) if p, then q and if q, then p 
B) if p, then q 
C) if q, then p 
D) if not p, then q 
E) if not q, then p A

Question 3

Pure hypothetical syllogisms are most like which form of categorical syllogism?

Accepted Answer

A) AEE-2 
B) IAI-4 
C) AAA-1 
D) EAE-3 
E) OAO-2 
A) AEE-2 
B) IAI-4 
C) AAA-1 
D) EAE-3 
E) OAO-2 C

Question 4

Distilling an argument means:

Accepted Answer

A) solving an enthymeme 
B) identifying the argument's premises, conclusion, and structure 
C) determining whether or not the premises are true 
D) determining whether or not the conclusion is true 
E) making an argument up from scratch 
A) solving an enthymeme 
B) identifying the argument's premises, conclusion, and structure 
C) determining whether or not the premises are true 
D) determining whether or not the conclusion is true 
E) making an argument up from scratch

Question 5

What type of hypothetical syllogism is the following? If we made aprofit on the new product line, then we will continue it.
 We made a profit on the new product line.
So we will continue the new product line.

Accepted Answer

A) pure hypothetical 
B) modus ponens 
C) modus tollens 
D) invalid-commits the fallacy of denying the antecedent 
E) invalid-commits the fallacy of affirming the consequent 
A) pure hypothetical 
B) modus ponens 
C) modus tollens 
D) invalid-commits the fallacy of denying the antecedent 
E) invalid-commits the fallacy of affirming the consequent

Question 6

Generally, "without X, q" can be translated into standard form as:

Accepted Answer

A) if X does not exist (or occur), then q 
B) if X exists (or occurs), then q 
C) if q, then X exists (or occurs) 
D) if q, then X does not exist (or occur) 
E) if not q, then X does not exist (or occur) 
A) if X does not exist (or occur), then q 
B) if X exists (or occurs), then q 
C) if q, then X exists (or occurs) 
D) if q, then X does not exist (or occur) 
E) if not q, then X does not exist (or occur)

Question 7

Is the following syllogism valid? Either all tigers are good dancers, or no tiger wedding is fun.
No tiger is a good dancer.
No tiger wedding is fun.

Accepted Answer

A) Yes. 
B) No, because the conclusion is negative. 
C) No, because the disjunctive premise is not in standard form. 
D) No, because the disjunctive premise is false. 
E) It depends on your view of existential import. 
A) Yes. 
B) No, because the conclusion is negative. 
C) No, because the disjunctive premise is not in standard form. 
D) No, because the disjunctive premise is false. 
E) It depends on your view of existential import.

Question 8

The components of a disjunctive proposition are called:

Accepted Answer

A) syllogisms 
B) terms 
C) disjuncts 
D) concepts 
E) semiprops 
A) syllogisms 
B) terms 
C) disjuncts 
D) concepts 
E) semiprops

Question 9

Suppose that p is the proposition "No one-story house has an interior staircase." What is the proposition not-p?

Accepted Answer

A) Some one-story houses do not have interior staircases. 
B) Some one-story houses have interior staircases. 
C) No house with an interior staircase is one story. 
D) All one-story houses have interior staircases. 
E) All houses with interior staircases are one story. 
A) Some one-story houses do not have interior staircases. 
B) Some one-story houses have interior staircases. 
C) No house with an interior staircase is one story. 
D) All one-story houses have interior staircases. 
E) All houses with interior staircases are one story.

Question 10

One proposition can serve as a component for another proposition.But which of the following would never be allowed?

Accepted Answer

A) An O categorical proposition as the consequent of a hypothetical proposition. 
B) A disjunctive proposition as the antecedent of a hypothetical proposition. 
C) A hypothetical proposition as a disjunct in a disjunctive proposition. 
D) An E categorical proposition as a disjunct in a disjunctive proposition. 
E) All of these would be allowed. 
A) An O categorical proposition as the consequent of a hypothetical proposition. 
B) A disjunctive proposition as the antecedent of a hypothetical proposition. 
C) A hypothetical proposition as a disjunct in a disjunctive proposition. 
D) An E categorical proposition as a disjunct in a disjunctive proposition. 
E) All of these would be allowed.

Question 11

What is the converse of the proposition "If I am energetic, then I will jog"?

Accepted Answer

A) If I am not energetic, then I will jog. 
B) If I am energetic, then I will not jog. 
C) If I am not energetic, then I will not jog. 
D) If I jog, then I am energetic. 
E) If I don't jog, then I am not energetic. 
A) If I am not energetic, then I will jog. 
B) If I am energetic, then I will not jog. 
C) If I am not energetic, then I will not jog. 
D) If I jog, then I am energetic. 
E) If I don't jog, then I am not energetic.

Question 12

If an argument uses the word either or or, that suggests that the argument is:

Accepted Answer

A) categorical 
B) mixed hypothetical 
C) pure hypothetical 
D) disjunctive 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form. 
A) categorical 
B) mixed hypothetical 
C) pure hypothetical 
D) disjunctive 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form.

Question 13

For the next group of questions, consider the following argument:
Since (1) values are nothing more than our own evaluation of the facts, (2) they are not objective.(3) Knowledge of the facts is based on empirical evidence, and (4) anything based on such evidence is objective.But (5) evaluating facts is different from knowing them.
-What is the conclusion of the argument?

Accepted Answer

A) Values are nothing more than our evaluation of the facts. 
B) Values are not objective. 
C) Knowledge of the facts is based on empirical evidence. 
D) Anything based on empirical evidence is objective. 
E) Evaluating facts is different from knowing them. 
A) Values are nothing more than our evaluation of the facts. 
B) Values are not objective. 
C) Knowledge of the facts is based on empirical evidence. 
D) Anything based on empirical evidence is objective. 
E) Evaluating facts is different from knowing them.

Question 14

If two logicians are putting an argument into standard form, is it possible that they would use two different syllogism types? (E.g., one would make it a categorical syllogism and the other would make it disjunctive.)

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, because every syllogism can be represented equally well as categorical, hypothetical, or disjunctive. 
B) Yes, because some syllogisms can be represented equally well by more than one type of syllogism. 
C) Yes, but only if one of them made a mistake. 
D) No, because there is only one correct type for each syllogism. 
E) No, because no syllogism can ever be represented equally well by two different syllogism types. 
A) Yes, because every syllogism can be represented equally well as categorical, hypothetical, or disjunctive. 
B) Yes, because some syllogisms can be represented equally well by more than one type of syllogism. 
C) Yes, but only if one of them made a mistake. 
D) No, because there is only one correct type for each syllogism. 
E) No, because no syllogism can ever be represented equally well by two different syllogism types.

Question 15

What is the missing premise in the following hypothetical syllogism? If the moon is full tonight, then the werewolves will be out.So if the moon is full tonight, then I will be staying at home.

Accepted Answer

A) If the werewolves will be out, then I will be staying at home. 
B) If I will be staying home, then the werewolves will be out. 
C) Werewolves are scary. 
D) Werewolves cannot get into my home. 
E) The moon is full tonight. 
A) If the werewolves will be out, then I will be staying at home. 
B) If I will be staying home, then the werewolves will be out. 
C) Werewolves are scary. 
D) Werewolves cannot get into my home. 
E) The moon is full tonight.

Question 16

If an argument repeats terms rather than whole propositions, it is most likely:

Accepted Answer

A) pure hypothetical 
B) mixed hypothetical 
C) disjunctive 
D) categorical 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form. 
A) pure hypothetical 
B) mixed hypothetical 
C) disjunctive 
D) categorical 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form.

Question 17

In a modus ponens, the first premise is hypothetical.The second premise:

Accepted Answer

A) affirms the antecedent of the first premise 
B) denies the antecedent of the first premise 
C) affirms the consequent of the first premise 
D) denies the consequent of the first premise 
E) is also hypothetical 
A) affirms the antecedent of the first premise 
B) denies the antecedent of the first premise 
C) affirms the consequent of the first premise 
D) denies the consequent of the first premise 
E) is also hypothetical

Question 18

If an argument has a negative premise and an affirmative conclusion, that suggests that the argument is:

Accepted Answer

A) categorical 
B) pure hypothetical 
C) mixed hypothetical 
D) disjunctive 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form. 
A) categorical 
B) pure hypothetical 
C) mixed hypothetical 
D) disjunctive 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form.

Question 19

If an argument repeats whole propositions rather than terms, it is most likely:

Accepted Answer

A) categorical 
B) hypothetical or disjunctive 
C) not a syllogism, so we don't need to determine its form 
D) invalid, so we don't need to determine its form 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form. 
A) categorical 
B) hypothetical or disjunctive 
C) not a syllogism, so we don't need to determine its form 
D) invalid, so we don't need to determine its form 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form.

Question 20

When a proposition is put into standard form, the order of its elements will be:

Accepted Answer

A) if, consequent, then, antecedent 
B) if, antecedent, then, consequent 
C) if, then, consequent, antecedent 
D) consequent, if, then, antecedent 
E) antecedent, if, then, consequent 
A) if, consequent, then, antecedent 
B) if, antecedent, then, consequent 
C) if, then, consequent, antecedent 
D) consequent, if, then, antecedent 
E) antecedent, if, then, consequent

In a pure hypothetical syllogism, can both premises have the same antecedent? The same consequent?

What would the following proposition be in standard form? p if and only if q

Pure hypothetical syllogisms are most like which form of categorical syllogism?

Distilling an argument means:

What type of hypothetical syllogism is the following? If we made aprofit on the new product line, then we will continue it. We made a profit on the new product line. So we will continue the new product line.

Generally, "without X, q" can be translated into standard form as:

Is the following syllogism valid? Either all tigers are good dancers, or no tiger wedding is fun. No tiger is a good dancer. No tiger wedding is fun.

The components of a disjunctive proposition are called:

Suppose that p is the proposition "No one-story house has an interior staircase." What is the proposition not-p?

One proposition can serve as a component for another proposition.But which of the following would never be allowed?

What is the converse of the proposition "If I am energetic, then I will jog"?

If an argument uses the word either or or, that suggests that the argument is:

If two logicians are putting an argument into standard form, is it possible that they would use two different syllogism types? (E.g., one would make it a categorical syllogism and the other would make it disjunctive.)

What is the missing premise in the following hypothetical syllogism? If the moon is full tonight, then the werewolves will be out.So if the moon is full tonight, then I will be staying at home.

If an argument repeats terms rather than whole propositions, it is most likely:

In a modus ponens, the first premise is hypothetical.The second premise:

If an argument has a negative premise and an affirmative conclusion, that suggests that the argument is:

If an argument repeats whole propositions rather than terms, it is most likely:

When a proposition is put into standard form, the order of its elements will be:

Classification

Definitions

Propositions

Argument Analysis

Fallacies

Categorical Propositions

Categorical Syllogisms

Propositional Logic-Propositions

Propositional Logic-Arguments

Predicate Logic

Inductive Generalizations

Argument by Analogy

Statistical Reasoning

Explanation

Probability

Filters

Exam 8: Reasoning With Syllogisms

In a pure hypothetical syllogism, can both premises have the same antecedent? The same consequent?

What would the following proposition be in standard form? p if and only if q

Pure hypothetical syllogisms are most like which form of categorical syllogism?

Distilling an argument means:

What type of hypothetical syllogism is the following? If we made aprofit on the new product line, then we will continue it. We made a profit on the new product line. So we will continue the new product line.

Generally, "without X, q" can be translated into standard form as:

Is the following syllogism valid? Either all tigers are good dancers, or no tiger wedding is fun. No tiger is a good dancer. No tiger wedding is fun.

The components of a disjunctive proposition are called:

Suppose that p is the proposition "No one-story house has an interior staircase." What is the proposition not-p?

One proposition can serve as a component for another proposition.But which of the following would never be allowed?

What is the converse of the proposition "If I am energetic, then I will jog"?

If an argument uses the word either or or, that suggests that the argument is:

If two logicians are putting an argument into standard form, is it possible that they would use two different syllogism types? (E.g., one would make it a categorical syllogism and the other would make it disjunctive.)

What is the missing premise in the following hypothetical syllogism? If the moon is full tonight, then the werewolves will be out.So if the moon is full tonight, then I will be staying at home.

If an argument repeats terms rather than whole propositions, it is most likely:

In a modus ponens, the first premise is hypothetical.The second premise:

If an argument has a negative premise and an affirmative conclusion, that suggests that the argument is:

If an argument repeats whole propositions rather than terms, it is most likely:

When a proposition is put into standard form, the order of its elements will be:

Classification

Definitions

Propositions

Argument Analysis

Fallacies

Categorical Propositions

Categorical Syllogisms

Propositional Logic-Propositions

Propositional Logic-Arguments

Predicate Logic

Inductive Generalizations

Argument by Analogy

Statistical Reasoning

Explanation

Probability

Filters