Question 1

Is a hypothetical proposition equivalent to its converse? To its contrapositive?

Accepted Answer

A) It is equivalent to its converse, but not to its contrapositive. 
B) It is equivalent to its contrapositive, but not to its converse. 
C) It is equivalent to both. 
D) It is equivalent to neither. 
E) It depends on the subject matter of the proposition. 
A) It is equivalent to its converse, but not to its contrapositive. 
B) It is equivalent to its contrapositive, but not to its converse. 
C) It is equivalent to both. 
D) It is equivalent to neither. 
E) It depends on the subject matter of the proposition.

Question 2

The "then" part of a hypothetical proposition is called the:

Accepted Answer

A) antecedent 
B) consequent 
C) disjunct 
D) genus 
E) species 
A) antecedent 
B) consequent 
C) disjunct 
D) genus 
E) species

Question 3

What would the following proposition be in standard form? No one has ever managed to finish our famous eight-pound burger.

Accepted Answer

A) Some person is a person who has tried to finish our famous eight-pound burger. 
B) No person is a person who has managed to finish our famous eight-pound burger. 
C) Some times are times when a person has tried to finish our famous eight-pound burger. 
D) All eight-pound burgers are our famous burgers that no one has ever managed to finish. 
E) Some of our famous eight-pound burgers are burgers that a person has tried to finish. 
A) Some person is a person who has tried to finish our famous eight-pound burger. 
B) No person is a person who has managed to finish our famous eight-pound burger. 
C) Some times are times when a person has tried to finish our famous eight-pound burger. 
D) All eight-pound burgers are our famous burgers that no one has ever managed to finish. 
E) Some of our famous eight-pound burgers are burgers that a person has tried to finish.

Question 4

For the next group of questions, consider the following argument:
(1) It's clear that nobody should be prejudged because of the following.(2) Either everyone is worthy of friendship or friendship is a horrible institution.(3) So everyone is worthy of friendship.(4) And no one worthy of friendship should be prejudged.
-What is the conclusion of the argument?

Accepted Answer

A) Nobody should be prejudged. 
B) Either everyone is worthy of friendship or friendship is a horrible institution. 
C) Friendship is not a horrible institution. 
D) Everyone is worthy of friendship. 
E) No one worthy of friendship should be prejudged. 
A) Nobody should be prejudged. 
B) Either everyone is worthy of friendship or friendship is a horrible institution. 
C) Friendship is not a horrible institution. 
D) Everyone is worthy of friendship. 
E) No one worthy of friendship should be prejudged.

Question 5

For the next group of questions, consider the following argument:
It is clear that (1) a lot of people are not virtuous because (2) society is breaking down.You see, (3) no rude person is virtuous, and (4) if many people are rude, then society breaks down.
-What is the conclusion of the argument?

Accepted Answer

A) A lot of people are not virtuous. 
B) Society is breaking down. 
C) No rude person is virtuous. 
D) Many people are rude. 
E) If many people are rude, then society breaks down. 
A) A lot of people are not virtuous. 
B) Society is breaking down. 
C) No rude person is virtuous. 
D) Many people are rude. 
E) If many people are rude, then society breaks down.

Question 6

Suppose that one premise of a disjunctive syllogism is "There are some millionaires in our town" and the conclusion is "The Smiths are millionaires." What is the unstated premise?

Accepted Answer

A) There are no millionaires in our town, or the Smiths are millionaires. 
B) If the Smiths are millionaires, then there are some millionaires in our town. 
C) The Smiths live in our town. 
D) The Smiths are the only millionaires in our town. 
E) It is clear who the millionaires in our town are. 
A) There are no millionaires in our town, or the Smiths are millionaires. 
B) If the Smiths are millionaires, then there are some millionaires in our town. 
C) The Smiths live in our town. 
D) The Smiths are the only millionaires in our town. 
E) It is clear who the millionaires in our town are.

Question 7

Can the disjunctive premise of a disjunctive syllogism contain more than two disjuncts?

Accepted Answer

A) Only if the syllogism is part of a larger argument that includes additional syllogisms. 
B) Yes, but not more than three. 
C) Yes, but not more than four. 
D) Yes. 
E) No. 
A) Only if the syllogism is part of a larger argument that includes additional syllogisms. 
B) Yes, but not more than three. 
C) Yes, but not more than four. 
D) Yes. 
E) No.

Question 8

If an argument has an affirmative premise and an affirmative conclusion, that suggests that the argument is:

Accepted Answer

A) invalid, so there is no need to determine its form 
B) pure hypothetical 
C) mixed hypothetical 
D) disjunctive 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form. 
A) invalid, so there is no need to determine its form 
B) pure hypothetical 
C) mixed hypothetical 
D) disjunctive 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form.

Question 9

When is a hypothetical proposition false?

Accepted Answer

A) A hypothetical proposition cannot be false because it is not asserted. 
B) When its antecedent is false. 
C) When its consequent is false. 
D) When its antecedent and consequent are both false. 
E) When its antecedent is true and its consequent is false. 
A) A hypothetical proposition cannot be false because it is not asserted. 
B) When its antecedent is false. 
C) When its consequent is false. 
D) When its antecedent and consequent are both false. 
E) When its antecedent is true and its consequent is false.

Question 10

If an argument contains a disjunctive premise, must the conclusion appear as one of the disjuncts in that premise?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, because an argument with a disjunctive premise simply consists of denying disjuncts until only one is left. 
B) Yes, because otherwise the disjunctive premise would play no role in the argument. 
C) Yes, because the conclusion of a deductive argument is always entailed by the premises. 
D) No, because the disjunctive part of the argument might only be one step on the way to the conclusion. 
E) No, because the conclusion must be the denial of one of the disjuncts. 
A) Yes, because an argument with a disjunctive premise simply consists of denying disjuncts until only one is left. 
B) Yes, because otherwise the disjunctive premise would play no role in the argument. 
C) Yes, because the conclusion of a deductive argument is always entailed by the premises. 
D) No, because the disjunctive part of the argument might only be one step on the way to the conclusion. 
E) No, because the conclusion must be the denial of one of the disjuncts.

Question 11

Which hypothetical proposition is logically equivalent to the following disjunctive proposition? p or q

Accepted Answer

A) if p, then q 
B) if p, then not q 
C) if not p, then q 
D) if not p, then not q 
E) if and only if p, then q 
A) if p, then q 
B) if p, then not q 
C) if not p, then q 
D) if not p, then not q 
E) if and only if p, then q

Question 12

If an argument applies a generalization to a particular case, that suggests that the argument is:

Accepted Answer

A) categorical 
B) pure hypothetical 
C) mixed hypothetical 
D) disjunctive 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form. 
A) categorical 
B) pure hypothetical 
C) mixed hypothetical 
D) disjunctive 
E) This information tells us nothing about the form.

Question 13

For the next group of questions, consider the following argument:
It is clear that (1) a lot of people are not virtuous because (2) society is breaking down.You see, (3) no rude person is virtuous, and (4) if many people are rude, then society breaks down.
-If we analyzed the argument as a series of syllogisms, how many implicit propositions would be involved?

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) five 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) five

Question 14

What is the missing conclusion in the following hypothetical syllogism? If the pie tasted awful, then the child would have spit it out.But the child did not spit it out.

Accepted Answer

A) The pie tasted good. 
B) Children are very honest. 
C) The child liked the pie. 
D) The pie did not taste awful. 
E) The child is a good judge of taste. 
A) The pie tasted good. 
B) Children are very honest. 
C) The child liked the pie. 
D) The pie did not taste awful. 
E) The child is a good judge of taste.

Question 15

A disjunctive syllogism is a deductive argument with a disjunctive premise, a premise _____ one of the disjuncts, and a conclusion _____ the remaining disjunct(s).

Accepted Answer

A) negating; affirming 
B) affirming; negating 
C) affirming; affirming 
D) negating; negating 
E) either affirming or negating; either affirming or negating 
A) negating; affirming 
B) affirming; negating 
C) affirming; affirming 
D) negating; negating 
E) either affirming or negating; either affirming or negating

Question 16

What type of hypothetical syllogism is the following? if $p$, then $q$
$q$
$p$

Accepted Answer

A) pure hypothetical 
B) modus ponens 
C) modus tollens 
D) invalid-commits the fallacy of denying the antecedent 
E) invalid-commits the fallacy of affirming the consequent 
A) pure hypothetical 
B) modus ponens 
C) modus tollens 
D) invalid-commits the fallacy of denying the antecedent 
E) invalid-commits the fallacy of affirming the consequent

Question 17

Which categorical proposition is equivalent to this hypothetical proposition? If p, then q.

Accepted Answer

A) Some cases in which q is true are cases in which p is true. 
B) All cases in which p is true are cases in which q is true. 
C) No case in which p is true is a case in which q is true. 
D) All cases in which q is true are cases in which p is true. 
E) Some cases in which p is true are cases in which q is not true. 
A) Some cases in which q is true are cases in which p is true. 
B) All cases in which p is true are cases in which q is true. 
C) No case in which p is true is a case in which q is true. 
D) All cases in which q is true are cases in which p is true. 
E) Some cases in which p is true are cases in which q is not true.

Question 18

For the next group of questions, consider the following argument:
Despite his shortcomings, (1) Homer Simpson loves his family.And therefore (2) he is a heroic figure.That is because (3) if Homer Simpson loves his family, then he will sacrifice for them.And (4) if he will sacrifice for them, then he is a heroic figure.
-If we analyzed the argument as a series of syllogisms, how many implicit propositions would be involved?

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) five 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) five

Question 19

Which of the following syllogisms commits the fallacy of denying the antecedent?

Accepted Answer

A) If this cheese is moldy, then it should be thrown out.And it should be thrown out.So this cheese is moldy. 
B) If my favorite radio show is canceled, then I will stop listening to that radio station.And my favorite radio show is canceled.So I will stop listening to that radio station. 
C) If no one volunteered to clean up, then I will have to do it all myself.And no one volunteered to clean up.So I will have to do it all myself. 
D) If I lived in a mansion, then I would have two different bedrooms for myself.But I don't live in a mansion.So I do not have two different bedrooms for myself. 
E) If the painting is authentic, then it will be auctioned off.And the paining is authentic.So it will be auctioned off. 
A) If this cheese is moldy, then it should be thrown out.And it should be thrown out.So this cheese is moldy. 
B) If my favorite radio show is canceled, then I will stop listening to that radio station.And my favorite radio show is canceled.So I will stop listening to that radio station. 
C) If no one volunteered to clean up, then I will have to do it all myself.And no one volunteered to clean up.So I will have to do it all myself. 
D) If I lived in a mansion, then I would have two different bedrooms for myself.But I don't live in a mansion.So I do not have two different bedrooms for myself. 
E) If the painting is authentic, then it will be auctioned off.And the paining is authentic.So it will be auctioned off.

Question 20

The form of a hypothetical proposition is:

Accepted Answer

A) p or q 
B) p and q 
C) p but not q 
D) q but not p 
E) if p, then q 
A) p or q 
B) p and q 
C) p but not q 
D) q but not p 
E) if p, then q

Is a hypothetical proposition equivalent to its converse? To its contrapositive?

The "then" part of a hypothetical proposition is called the:

What would the following proposition be in standard form? No one has ever managed to finish our famous eight-pound burger.

For the next group of questions, consider the following argument: It is clear that (1) a lot of people are not virtuous because (2) society is breaking down.You see, (3) no rude person is virtuous, and (4) if many people are rude, then society breaks down. -What is the conclusion of the argument?

Suppose that one premise of a disjunctive syllogism is "There are some millionaires in our town" and the conclusion is "The Smiths are millionaires." What is the unstated premise?

Can the disjunctive premise of a disjunctive syllogism contain more than two disjuncts?

If an argument has an affirmative premise and an affirmative conclusion, that suggests that the argument is:

When is a hypothetical proposition false?

If an argument contains a disjunctive premise, must the conclusion appear as one of the disjuncts in that premise?

Which hypothetical proposition is logically equivalent to the following disjunctive proposition? p or q

If an argument applies a generalization to a particular case, that suggests that the argument is:

What is the missing conclusion in the following hypothetical syllogism? If the pie tasted awful, then the child would have spit it out.But the child did not spit it out.

A disjunctive syllogism is a deductive argument with a disjunctive premise, a premise _ one of the disjuncts, and a conclusion _ the remaining disjunct(s).

What type of hypothetical syllogism is the following? if $p$ , then $q$ $q$ $p$

Which categorical proposition is equivalent to this hypothetical proposition? If p, then q.

Which of the following syllogisms commits the fallacy of denying the antecedent?

The form of a hypothetical proposition is:

Classification

Definitions

Propositions

Argument Analysis

Fallacies

Categorical Propositions

Categorical Syllogisms

Propositional Logic-Propositions

Propositional Logic-Arguments

Predicate Logic

Inductive Generalizations

Argument by Analogy

Statistical Reasoning

Explanation

Probability

Filters

Exam 8: Reasoning With Syllogisms

Is a hypothetical proposition equivalent to its converse? To its contrapositive?

The "then" part of a hypothetical proposition is called the:

What would the following proposition be in standard form? No one has ever managed to finish our famous eight-pound burger.

For the next group of questions, consider the following argument: It is clear that (1) a lot of people are not virtuous because (2) society is breaking down.You see, (3) no rude person is virtuous, and (4) if many people are rude, then society breaks down. -What is the conclusion of the argument?

Suppose that one premise of a disjunctive syllogism is "There are some millionaires in our town" and the conclusion is "The Smiths are millionaires." What is the unstated premise?

Can the disjunctive premise of a disjunctive syllogism contain more than two disjuncts?

If an argument has an affirmative premise and an affirmative conclusion, that suggests that the argument is:

When is a hypothetical proposition false?

If an argument contains a disjunctive premise, must the conclusion appear as one of the disjuncts in that premise?

Which hypothetical proposition is logically equivalent to the following disjunctive proposition? p or q

If an argument applies a generalization to a particular case, that suggests that the argument is:

What is the missing conclusion in the following hypothetical syllogism? If the pie tasted awful, then the child would have spit it out.But the child did not spit it out.

A disjunctive syllogism is a deductive argument with a disjunctive premise, a premise _____ one of the disjuncts, and a conclusion _____ the remaining disjunct(s).

What type of hypothetical syllogism is the following? if ppp , then qqq qqq ppp

Which categorical proposition is equivalent to this hypothetical proposition? If p, then q.

Which of the following syllogisms commits the fallacy of denying the antecedent?

The form of a hypothetical proposition is:

Classification

Definitions

Propositions

Argument Analysis

Fallacies

Categorical Propositions

Categorical Syllogisms

Propositional Logic-Propositions

Propositional Logic-Arguments

Predicate Logic

Inductive Generalizations

Argument by Analogy

Statistical Reasoning

Explanation

Probability

Filters

A disjunctive syllogism is a deductive argument with a disjunctive premise, a premise _ one of the disjuncts, and a conclusion _ the remaining disjunct(s).

What type of hypothetical syllogism is the following? if $p$ , then $q$ $q$ $p$