Question 1

Figure 5.4
  
-An enzyme, citrate synthase, in the Krebs cycle is inhibited by ATP; this is an example of all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  Noncompetitive inhibition. 
B)  Competitive inhibition. 
C)  Feedback inhibition. 
D)  Allosteric inhibition. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Noncompetitive inhibition. 
B)  Competitive inhibition. 
C)  Feedback inhibition. 
D)  Allosteric inhibition. 
E)  None of the above. B

Question 2

Figure 5.5
  
-Which of the graphs in Figure 5.5 best illustrates the activity of an enzyme that is saturated with substrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e C

Question 3

Figure 5.7
  
-The graph at the left of Figure 5.7 shows the reaction rate for an enzyme at its optimum temperature. Which graph shows enzyme activity at a higher temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  d 
E)  e B

Question 4

A strictly fermentative bacterium produces energy

Accepted Answer

A)  By aerobic respiration only. 
B)  Only in the absence of oxygen. 
C)  Only in the presence of oxygen. 
D)  By glycolysis only. 
E)  By fermentation or aerobic respiration. 
A)  By aerobic respiration only. 
B)  Only in the absence of oxygen. 
C)  Only in the presence of oxygen. 
D)  By glycolysis only. 
E)  By fermentation or aerobic respiration.

Question 5

Figure 5.1
  
-Which compound is being reduced in the reaction in Figure 5.1?

Accepted Answer

A)  Isocitric acid and a- ketoglutaric acid 
B)  NADH 
C)  NADH and isocitric acid 
D)  NAD+ 
E)  a- ketoglutaric acid and NAD+ 
A)  Isocitric acid and a- ketoglutaric acid 
B)  NADH 
C)  NADH and isocitric acid 
D)  NAD+ 
E)  a- ketoglutaric acid and NAD+

Question 6

Figure 5.2
  
-What type of reaction is in Figure 5.2?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reduction 
B)  Decarboxylation 
C)  Dehydrogenation 
D)  Oxidation 
E)  Transamination 
A)  Reduction 
B)  Decarboxylation 
C)  Dehydrogenation 
D)  Oxidation 
E)  Transamination

Question 7

Assume you are growing bacteria on a lipid medium that started at pH 7. The action of bacterial lipases should cause the pH of the medium to

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase. 
B)  Decrease. 
C)  Stay the same. 
A)  Increase. 
B)  Decrease. 
C)  Stay the same.

Question 8

Which of the following compounds is not an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cellulase 
B)  fi- galactosidase 
C)  Dehydrogenase 
D)  Coenzyme A 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Cellulase 
B)  fi- galactosidase 
C)  Dehydrogenase 
D)  Coenzyme A 
E)  None of the above

Question 9

Which of the following is not true about anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  It generates ATP. 
B)  It involves the Krebs cycle. 
C)  It involves glycolysis only. 
D)  It requires cytochromes. 
E)  It involves the reduction of nitrate. 
A)  It generates ATP. 
B)  It involves the Krebs cycle. 
C)  It involves glycolysis only. 
D)  It requires cytochromes. 
E)  It involves the reduction of nitrate.

Question 10

All the following are true about substrate- level phosphorylation except

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs in glycolysis. 
B)  The oxidation of intermediate metabolic compounds releases energy that is used to generate ATP. 
C)  No final electron acceptor is required. 
D)  It involves the direct transfer of a high- energy phosphate group from an intermediate metabolic compound to ADP. 
E)  All of the above are true. 
A)  It occurs in glycolysis. 
B)  The oxidation of intermediate metabolic compounds releases energy that is used to generate ATP. 
C)  No final electron acceptor is required. 
D)  It involves the direct transfer of a high- energy phosphate group from an intermediate metabolic compound to ADP. 
E)  All of the above are true.

Question 11

Assume you are working for a chemical company and you are responsible for growing a yeast culture that produces ethyl alcohol. The yeasts are growing well on the maltose medium but are not producing alcohol. The most likely explanation is

Accepted Answer

A)  Yeasts don't produce ethyl alcohol. 
B)  O₂ is in the medium. 
C)  Not enough protein is provided. 
D)  The maltose is toxic. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Yeasts don't produce ethyl alcohol. 
B)  O₂ is in the medium. 
C)  Not enough protein is provided. 
D)  The maltose is toxic. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 12

How is ATP generated in the reaction in Figure 5.4?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fermentation 
B)  Glycolysis 
C)  Oxidative phosphorylation 
D)  Substrate- level phosphorylation 
E)  Photophosphorylation 
A)  Fermentation 
B)  Glycolysis 
C)  Oxidative phosphorylation 
D)  Substrate- level phosphorylation 
E)  Photophosphorylation

Question 13

Figure 5.3
  
-How would a noncompetitive inhibitor interfere with a reaction involving the enzyme in Figure 5.3?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would bind to a. 
B)  It would bind to b. 
C)  It would bind to c. 
D)  It would bind to d. 
E)  Can't tell. 
A)  It would bind to a. 
B)  It would bind to b. 
C)  It would bind to c. 
D)  It would bind to d. 
E)  Can't tell.

Question 14

Beggiatoa bacteria get energy by oxidizing S2- to S6+. This means they take (1) for their
(2) .

Accepted Answer

A)  1- protons; 2- NAD+ 
B)  1- electrons; 2- electron transport chain 
C)  1- glucose; 2- glycolysis 
D)  1- electrons; 2- fermentation 
E)  1- sulfur; 2- photophosphorylation 
A)  1- protons; 2- NAD+ 
B)  1- electrons; 2- electron transport chain 
C)  1- glucose; 2- glycolysis 
D)  1- electrons; 2- fermentation 
E)  1- sulfur; 2- photophosphorylation

Question 15

According to the chemiosmotic mechanism, ATP is generated when

Accepted Answer

A)  Protons are moved across a membrane. 
B)  Cells lyse in a hypotonic environment. 
C)  Chlorophyll liberates an electron. 
D)  A high- energy phosphate group is transferred from an intermediate metabolite to ADP. 
E)  Electrons are transferred between carrier molecules. 
A)  Protons are moved across a membrane. 
B)  Cells lyse in a hypotonic environment. 
C)  Chlorophyll liberates an electron. 
D)  A high- energy phosphate group is transferred from an intermediate metabolite to ADP. 
E)  Electrons are transferred between carrier molecules.

Question 16

In green and purple bacteria, electrons to reduce CO2come from

Accepted Answer

A)  C6H12O6 
B)  H2O 
C)  Sunlight 
D)  Chlorophyll 
E)  CO2 
A)  C6H12O6 
B)  H2O 
C)  Sunlight 
D)  Chlorophyll 
E)  CO2

Question 17

Which of the following is not true about photophosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The oxidation of carrier molecules releases energy. 
B)  It occurs in photosynthesizing cells. 
C)  Energy from oxidation reactions is used to generate ATP from ADP. 
D)  Light liberates an electron from chlorophyll. 
E)  It requires CO₂. 
A)  The oxidation of carrier molecules releases energy. 
B)  It occurs in photosynthesizing cells. 
C)  Energy from oxidation reactions is used to generate ATP from ADP. 
D)  Light liberates an electron from chlorophyll. 
E)  It requires CO₂.

Question 18

Aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration in which of the following respects?

Accepted Answer

A)  The final electron acceptors are different. 
B)  Anaerobic respiration is glycolysis. 
C)  Aerobic respiration requires the electron transport chain. 
D)  Aerobic respiration gets electrons from the Krebs cycle. 
E)  Aerobic respiration produces more ATP. 
A)  The final electron acceptors are different. 
B)  Anaerobic respiration is glycolysis. 
C)  Aerobic respiration requires the electron transport chain. 
D)  Aerobic respiration gets electrons from the Krebs cycle. 
E)  Aerobic respiration produces more ATP.

Question 19

When oxygen is unavailable, Halobacterium produce ATP by

Accepted Answer

A)  Substrate- level phosphorylation. 
B)  Fermentation. 
C)  The Krebs cycle. 
D)  Photophosphorylation. 
E)  Oxidative phosphorylation. 
A)  Substrate- level phosphorylation. 
B)  Fermentation. 
C)  The Krebs cycle. 
D)  Photophosphorylation. 
E)  Oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 20

Uses CO₂ for carbon and H₂ for energy.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chemoheterotroph 
B)  Photoheterotroph 
C)  Photoautotroph 
D)  Chemoautotroph 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Chemoheterotroph 
B)  Photoheterotroph 
C)  Photoautotroph 
D)  Chemoautotroph 
E)  None of the above

Exam 5: Microbial Metabolism

Figure 5.4 -An enzyme, citrate synthase, in the Krebs cycle is inhibited by ATP; this is an example of all of the following except

Figure 5.5 -Which of the graphs in Figure 5.5 best illustrates the activity of an enzyme that is saturated with substrate?

Figure 5.7 -The graph at the left of Figure 5.7 shows the reaction rate for an enzyme at its optimum temperature. Which graph shows enzyme activity at a higher temperature?

A strictly fermentative bacterium produces energy

Figure 5.1 -Which compound is being reduced in the reaction in Figure 5.1?

Figure 5.2 -What type of reaction is in Figure 5.2?

Assume you are growing bacteria on a lipid medium that started at pH 7. The action of bacterial lipases should cause the pH of the medium to

Which of the following compounds is not an enzyme?

Which of the following is not true about anaerobic respiration?

All the following are true about substrate- level phosphorylation except

Assume you are working for a chemical company and you are responsible for growing a yeast culture that produces ethyl alcohol. The yeasts are growing well on the maltose medium but are not producing alcohol. The most likely explanation is

How is ATP generated in the reaction in Figure 5.4?

Figure 5.3 -How would a noncompetitive inhibitor interfere with a reaction involving the enzyme in Figure 5.3?

Beggiatoa bacteria get energy by oxidizing S2- to S6+. This means they take (1) for their (2) .

According to the chemiosmotic mechanism, ATP is generated when

In green and purple bacteria, electrons to reduce CO2come from

Which of the following is not true about photophosphorylation?

Aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration in which of the following respects?

When oxygen is unavailable, Halobacterium produce ATP by

Uses CO₂ for carbon and H₂ for energy.

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Filters

Beggiatoa bacteria get energy by oxidizing S^2- to S⁶⁺. This means they take (1) for their (2) .

In green and purple bacteria, electrons to reduce CO₂come from