Question 1

Which of the following is not an end- product of fermentation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetone 
B)  Pyruvic acid 
C)  Glycerol 
D)  Ethyl alcohol 
E)  Lactic acid 
A)  Acetone 
B)  Pyruvic acid 
C)  Glycerol 
D)  Ethyl alcohol 
E)  Lactic acid

Question 2

What percent of the total ATP produced from the complete catabolism of glucose is produced by aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  50% 
B)  95% 
C)  5% 
D)  11% 
E)  89% 
A)  50% 
B)  95% 
C)  5% 
D)  11% 
E)  89%

Question 3

A bacterial culture grown in a glucose- peptide medium causes the pH to increase. The bacteria are most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  Fermenting the glucose. 
B)  Using the peptides. 
C)  Oxidizing the glucose. 
D)  Not growing. 
A)  Fermenting the glucose. 
B)  Using the peptides. 
C)  Oxidizing the glucose. 
D)  Not growing.

Question 4

The advantage of the pentose phosphate pathway is that it produces all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  Precursors for nucleic acids. 
B)  NADPH. 
C)  Precursors for the synthesis of glucose. 
D)  Precursors for the synthesis of amino acids. 
E)  Three ATPs. 
A)  Precursors for nucleic acids. 
B)  NADPH. 
C)  Precursors for the synthesis of glucose. 
D)  Precursors for the synthesis of amino acids. 
E)  Three ATPs.

Question 5

Which of the following is not true about beta oxidation?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves the formation of acetyl- CoA. 
B)  It involves the formation of 2- carbon units. 
C)  It is a method of catabolizing fatty acids. 
D)  It is a step in glycolysis. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  It involves the formation of acetyl- CoA. 
B)  It involves the formation of 2- carbon units. 
C)  It is a method of catabolizing fatty acids. 
D)  It is a step in glycolysis. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following is not necessary for respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen 
B)  Quinones 
C)  A source of electrons 
D)  Flavoproteins 
E)  Cytochromes 
A)  Oxygen 
B)  Quinones 
C)  A source of electrons 
D)  Flavoproteins 
E)  Cytochromes

Question 7

Has bacteriochlorophylls and uses alcohols for carbon.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chemoheterotroph 
B)  Photoheterotroph 
C)  Chemoautotroph 
D)  Photoautotroph 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Chemoheterotroph 
B)  Photoheterotroph 
C)  Chemoautotroph 
D)  Photoautotroph 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

Cyanobacteria are an example of this type.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chemoheterotroph 
B)  Photoautotroph 
C)  Chemoautotroph 
D)  Photoheterotroph 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Chemoheterotroph 
B)  Photoautotroph 
C)  Chemoautotroph 
D)  Photoheterotroph 
E)  None of the above

Question 9

Which statements are true?
1-Electron carriers are located at ribosomes.
2-ATP is a common intermediate between catabolic and anabolic pathways.
3-ATP is used for the long- term storage of energy and so is often found in storage granules. 4-Anaerobic organisms are capable of respiration.
5-ATP is generated by the flow of protons across the cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  2, 3, 5 
C)  1, 3, 4 
D)  2, 4, 5 
E)  All 
A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  2, 3, 5 
C)  1, 3, 4 
D)  2, 4, 5 
E)  All

Question 10

Which of the following is the best definition of fermentation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The oxidation of glucose with organic molecules serving as electron acceptors. 
B)  The production of energy by substrate- level phosphorylation. 
C)  The complete catabolism of glucose to CO₂ and H₂O. 
D)  The production of ethyl alcohol from glucose. 
E)  The reduction of glucose to pyruvic acid. 
A)  The oxidation of glucose with organic molecules serving as electron acceptors. 
B)  The production of energy by substrate- level phosphorylation. 
C)  The complete catabolism of glucose to CO₂ and H₂O. 
D)  The production of ethyl alcohol from glucose. 
E)  The reduction of glucose to pyruvic acid.

Question 11

Uses glucose for carbon and energy.

Accepted Answer

A)  Photoheterotroph 
B)  Chemoheterotroph 
C)  Chemoautotroph 
D)  Photoautotroph 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Photoheterotroph 
B)  Chemoheterotroph 
C)  Chemoautotroph 
D)  Photoautotroph 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

What is the fate of pyruvic acid in an organism that uses aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is oxidized in the electron transport chain. 
B)  It is reduced in the Krebs cycle. 
C)  It is catabolized in glycolysis. 
D)  It is reduced to lactic acid. 
E)  It is oxidized in the Krebs cycle. 
A)  It is oxidized in the electron transport chain. 
B)  It is reduced in the Krebs cycle. 
C)  It is catabolized in glycolysis. 
D)  It is reduced to lactic acid. 
E)  It is oxidized in the Krebs cycle.

Question 13

Which one of the following would you predict is an allosteric inhibitor of the Krebs cycle enzyme, ketoglutarate dehydrogenase?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH 
B)  NAD+ 
C)  Citric acid 
D)  a- ketoglutaric acid 
E)  All of the above 
A)  NADH 
B)  NAD+ 
C)  Citric acid 
D)  a- ketoglutaric acid 
E)  All of the above

Question 14

Figure 5.6
  
-The rates of O₂ and glucose consumption by a bacterial culture are shown in Figure 5.6. Assume a bacterial culture was grown in a glucose medium without O₂. Then O₂ was added at the time marked X. The data indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  These bacteria can't grow anaerobically. 
B)  These bacteria get more energy anaerobically. 
C)  Aerobic metabolism is more efficient than fermentation. 
D)  These bacteria don't use O₂. 
A)  These bacteria can't grow anaerobically. 
B)  These bacteria get more energy anaerobically. 
C)  Aerobic metabolism is more efficient than fermentation. 
D)  These bacteria don't use O₂.

Question 15

A shipping company employee notices that the inside of ships' hulls where ballast water is stored are deteriorating. The hull paint contained cyanide to prevent microbial growth. Since bacteria were growing on the hulls, you can conclude that the

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria were using aerobic respiration. 
B)  Bacteria were growing by fermentation. 
C)  Bacteria were using anaerobic respiration. 
D)  Bacteria were using cytochromes. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Bacteria were using aerobic respiration. 
B)  Bacteria were growing by fermentation. 
C)  Bacteria were using anaerobic respiration. 
D)  Bacteria were using cytochromes. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 16

Fatty acids are catabolized in

Accepted Answer

A)  The electron transport chain. 
B)  The Entner Doudoroff pathway. 
C)  The pentose phosphate pathway. 
D)  Glycolysis. 
E)  The Krebs cycle. 
A)  The electron transport chain. 
B)  The Entner Doudoroff pathway. 
C)  The pentose phosphate pathway. 
D)  Glycolysis. 
E)  The Krebs cycle.

Question 17

Which of the following is the best definition of oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The energy released as carrier molecules are oxidized is used to generate ATP. 
B)  Electrons are passed through a series of carriers to O₂. 
C)  The energy released in the reduction of carrier molecules is used to generate ATP. 
D)  The transfer of a high- energy phosphate group to ADP. 
A)  The energy released as carrier molecules are oxidized is used to generate ATP. 
B)  Electrons are passed through a series of carriers to O₂. 
C)  The energy released in the reduction of carrier molecules is used to generate ATP. 
D)  The transfer of a high- energy phosphate group to ADP.

Question 18

How many molecules of ATP can be generated from the complete oxidation of glucose to CO₂ and H₂O?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  76 
C)  38 
D)  2 
E)  34 
A)  4 
B)  76 
C)  38 
D)  2 
E)  34

Exam 5: Microbial Metabolism

Which of the following is not an end- product of fermentation?

What percent of the total ATP produced from the complete catabolism of glucose is produced by aerobic respiration?

A bacterial culture grown in a glucose- peptide medium causes the pH to increase. The bacteria are most likely

The advantage of the pentose phosphate pathway is that it produces all of the following except

Which of the following is not true about beta oxidation?

Which of the following is not necessary for respiration?

Has bacteriochlorophylls and uses alcohols for carbon.

Cyanobacteria are an example of this type.

Which of the following is the best definition of fermentation?

Uses glucose for carbon and energy.

What is the fate of pyruvic acid in an organism that uses aerobic respiration?

Which one of the following would you predict is an allosteric inhibitor of the Krebs cycle enzyme, ketoglutarate dehydrogenase?

Figure 5.6 -The rates of O₂ and glucose consumption by a bacterial culture are shown in Figure 5.6. Assume a bacterial culture was grown in a glucose medium without O₂. Then O₂ was added at the time marked X. The data indicate that

A shipping company employee notices that the inside of ships' hulls where ballast water is stored are deteriorating. The hull paint contained cyanide to prevent microbial growth. Since bacteria were growing on the hulls, you can conclude that the

Fatty acids are catabolized in

Which of the following is the best definition of oxidative phosphorylation?

How many molecules of ATP can be generated from the complete oxidation of glucose to CO₂ and H₂O?

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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