Question 1

Endotoxins in injectable drugs could cause

Accepted Answer

A)  Nerve damage. 
B)  Giant cell formation. 
C)  Septic shock. 
D)  Infection. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  Nerve damage. 
B)  Giant cell formation. 
C)  Septic shock. 
D)  Infection. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 2

Which of the following is not considered entry via the parenteral route?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hair follicle 
B)  Injection 
C)  Surgery 
D)  Bite 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Hair follicle 
B)  Injection 
C)  Surgery 
D)  Bite 
E)  None of the above

Question 3

Siderophores are bacterial proteins that compete with animal

Accepted Answer

A)  Red blood cells. 
B)  Transferrin. 
C)  White blood cells. 
D)  Antibodies. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Red blood cells. 
B)  Transferrin. 
C)  White blood cells. 
D)  Antibodies. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 4

Which of the following does not contribute to the symptoms of a fungal disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Capsules 
B)  Toxins 
C)  Cell walls 
D)  Allergic response of the host 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Capsules 
B)  Toxins 
C)  Cell walls 
D)  Allergic response of the host 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

Septic shock due to gram- positive bacteria is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  Superantigens. 
B)  Membrane- disrupting toxins. 
C)  Lipid A. 
D)  A- B toxins. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  Superantigens. 
B)  Membrane- disrupting toxins. 
C)  Lipid A. 
D)  A- B toxins. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following cytopathic effects is cytocidal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transformation 
B)  Antigenic changes 
C)  Giant cells 
D)  Release of enzymes from lysosomes 
E)  Inclusion bodies 
A)  Transformation 
B)  Antigenic changes 
C)  Giant cells 
D)  Release of enzymes from lysosomes 
E)  Inclusion bodies

Question 7

Which of the following is not true of staphylococcal enterotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an exotoxin. 
B)  It causes vomiting. 
C)  It is produced by Staphylococcus aureus growing in the host's intestines. 
D)  It causes diarrhea. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  It is an exotoxin. 
B)  It causes vomiting. 
C)  It is produced by Staphylococcus aureus growing in the host's intestines. 
D)  It causes diarrhea. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 8

Most pathogens that gain access through the skin

Accepted Answer

A)  Must adhere first while their invasive factors allow them to penetrate. 
B)  Must be injected. 
C)  Can penetrate intact skin. 
D)  Enter through hair follicles and sweat ducts. 
E)  Just infect the skin itself. 
A)  Must adhere first while their invasive factors allow them to penetrate. 
B)  Must be injected. 
C)  Can penetrate intact skin. 
D)  Enter through hair follicles and sweat ducts. 
E)  Just infect the skin itself.

Question 9

The mechanism by which gram- negative bacteria can cross the blood- brain barrier.

Accepted Answer

A)  Producing toxins 
B)  Producing fimbriae 
C)  Inducing endocytosis 
D)  Inducing TNF 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Producing toxins 
B)  Producing fimbriae 
C)  Inducing endocytosis 
D)  Inducing TNF 
E)  All of the above

Question 10

Botulism is caused by an exotoxin, therefore it could easily be prevented by

Accepted Answer

A)  Not eating canned food. 
B)  Preventing fecal contamination of food. 
C)  Boiling food prior to consumption. 
D)  Administering antibiotics to patients. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Not eating canned food. 
B)  Preventing fecal contamination of food. 
C)  Boiling food prior to consumption. 
D)  Administering antibiotics to patients. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a cytopathic effect of viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inclusion bodies form in the cytoplasm or nucleus 
B)  Cell death 
C)  Increased cell growth 
D)  Host cells fuse to form multinucleated syncytia 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Inclusion bodies form in the cytoplasm or nucleus 
B)  Cell death 
C)  Increased cell growth 
D)  Host cells fuse to form multinucleated syncytia 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

Antibiotics can lead to septic shock if used to treat

Accepted Answer

A)  Gram- negative bacterial infections. 
B)  Viral infections. 
C)  Helminth infestations. 
D)  Protozoan infections. 
E)  Gram- positive bacterial infections. 
A)  Gram- negative bacterial infections. 
B)  Viral infections. 
C)  Helminth infestations. 
D)  Protozoan infections. 
E)  Gram- positive bacterial infections.

Question 13

A needlestick is an example of which portal of entry?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mucous membranes 
B)  Skin 
C)  Parenteral route 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Mucous membranes 
B)  Skin 
C)  Parenteral route 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 14

All of the following are methods of avoiding host antibodies except

Accepted Answer

A)  Invasims. 
B)  Membrane- disrupting toxins. 
C)  Antigenic change. 
D)  IgA protease. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Invasims. 
B)  Membrane- disrupting toxins. 
C)  Antigenic change. 
D)  IgA protease. 
E)  None of the above

Question 15

The ID50 is a

Accepted Answer

A)  Dose that will kill some of the test population. 
B)  Dose that will kill 50% of the test population. 
C)  Measure of pathogenicity. 
D)  Dose that will cause an infection in some of the test population. 
E)  Dose that will cause an infection in 50% of the test population. 
A)  Dose that will kill some of the test population. 
B)  Dose that will kill 50% of the test population. 
C)  Measure of pathogenicity. 
D)  Dose that will cause an infection in some of the test population. 
E)  Dose that will cause an infection in 50% of the test population.

Question 16

Which of the following diseases is not usually contracted by the respiratory route?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tuberculosis 
B)  Infectious hepatitis 
C)  Pneumonia 
D)  Measles 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Tuberculosis 
B)  Infectious hepatitis 
C)  Pneumonia 
D)  Measles 
E)  None of the above

Question 17

Symptoms of protozoan and helminthic diseases are due to

Accepted Answer

A)  Tissue damage due to growth of the parasite on the tissues. 
B)  Products released from damaged tissues. 
C)  Waste products excreted by the parasite. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Tissue damage due to growth of the parasite on the tissues. 
B)  Products released from damaged tissues. 
C)  Waste products excreted by the parasite. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 18

Lysogenic bacteriophages contribute to bacterial virulence because bacteriophages

Accepted Answer

A)  Give new gene sequences to the host bacteria. 
B)  Kill the bacteria causing release of endotoxins. 
C)  Carry plasmids. 
D)  Produce toxins. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  Give new gene sequences to the host bacteria. 
B)  Kill the bacteria causing release of endotoxins. 
C)  Carry plasmids. 
D)  Produce toxins. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 19

Thirty- two people in San Francisco who ate jackfish caught at Midway Island developed malaise, nausea, blurred vision, breathing difficulty, and numbness from 3 to 6 hours after eating. The most likely cause of this food intoxication is

Accepted Answer

A)  Aflatoxin. 
B)  Cholera toxin. 
C)  Staphylococcal enterotoxin. 
D)  Ciguatera. 
E)  A mycotoxin. 
A)  Aflatoxin. 
B)  Cholera toxin. 
C)  Staphylococcal enterotoxin. 
D)  Ciguatera. 
E)  A mycotoxin.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kinase destroys fibrin clots. 
B)  Coagulase destroys blood clots. 
C)  Hemolysins lyse red blood cells. 
D)  Leukocidins destroy neutrophils. 
E)  Hyaluronidase breaks down substances between cells. 
A)  Kinase destroys fibrin clots. 
B)  Coagulase destroys blood clots. 
C)  Hemolysins lyse red blood cells. 
D)  Leukocidins destroy neutrophils. 
E)  Hyaluronidase breaks down substances between cells.

Exam 15: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Endotoxins in injectable drugs could cause

Which of the following is not considered entry via the parenteral route?

Siderophores are bacterial proteins that compete with animal

Which of the following does not contribute to the symptoms of a fungal disease?

Septic shock due to gram- positive bacteria is caused by

Which of the following cytopathic effects is cytocidal?

Which of the following is not true of staphylococcal enterotoxin?

Most pathogens that gain access through the skin

The mechanism by which gram- negative bacteria can cross the blood- brain barrier.

Botulism is caused by an exotoxin, therefore it could easily be prevented by

Which of the following is not a cytopathic effect of viruses?

Antibiotics can lead to septic shock if used to treat

A needlestick is an example of which portal of entry?

All of the following are methods of avoiding host antibodies except

The ID50 is a

Which of the following diseases is not usually contracted by the respiratory route?

Symptoms of protozoan and helminthic diseases are due to

Lysogenic bacteriophages contribute to bacterial virulence because bacteriophages

Thirty- two people in San Francisco who ate jackfish caught at Midway Island developed malaise, nausea, blurred vision, breathing difficulty, and numbness from 3 to 6 hours after eating. The most likely cause of this food intoxication is

Which of the following statements is false?

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Filters