Exam 6: Strategies of Research Design

Correct Answer:

Answered by Examlex AI Copilot

Qualitative and quantitative methods of social research approach causality in different ways.

Qualitative methods, such as interviews, observations, and case studies, often seek to understand the underlying reasons and motivations behind social phenomena. They focus on exploring the context and meaning of social interactions and events, and how they contribute to the emergence of certain outcomes. In terms of causality, qualitative research looks at the complex interplay of various factors and how they interact to produce a particular result. It often emphasizes the importance of understanding the subjective experiences and perspectives of individuals and how these shape their actions and behaviors.

On the other hand, quantitative methods, such as surveys and experiments, typically aim to establish causal relationships between variables through statistical analysis. These methods focus on measuring and analyzing the relationships between different factors and determining the extent to which one variable influences another. Quantitative research often seeks to identify patterns and correlations in large datasets to make inferences about causality.

In terms of dealing with potential errors of causation, qualitative research often acknowledges the subjective nature of its findings and the potential for bias or misinterpretation. Researchers using qualitative methods may employ techniques such as member checking, peer debriefing, and triangulation to enhance the credibility and trustworthiness of their findings. They also emphasize the importance of reflexivity and transparency in their research process to address potential errors of causation.

Quantitative research, on the other hand, often employs rigorous experimental designs and statistical techniques to control for potential confounding variables and establish causality. Researchers using quantitative methods may use randomized controlled trials, regression analysis, and other statistical tools to minimize the impact of errors of causation. They also emphasize the importance of replicability and generalizability of their findings to ensure the validity of their causal inferences.

In conclusion, qualitative and quantitative methods of social research approach causality differently, with qualitative methods focusing on understanding the context and meaning of social phenomena, while quantitative methods seek to establish causal relationships through statistical analysis. Each method has its own strategies for dealing with potential errors of causation, with qualitative research emphasizing transparency and reflexivity, and quantitative research employing rigorous experimental designs and statistical techniques.

Correct Answer:

Answered by Examlex AI Copilot

Hypothesis:
Independent variable: Amount of exercise
Dependent variable: Weight loss
Unit of analysis: Individual participants

Control variables:
1. Diet: The type and amount of food consumed by the participants could influence their weight loss, so it is important to control for diet in the hypothesis.
2. Age: Age could also impact weight loss, as older individuals may have a slower metabolism or different exercise capabilities compared to younger individuals. Therefore, age should be controlled for in the hypothesis.