Question 1

Prostaglandins have all the following roles except

Accepted Answer

A) to induce labor contractions. 
B) to stop fever and pain. 
C) to constrict or dilate arterioles. 
D) to act as vasodilators or vasoconstrictors. 
E) to inhibit gastric secretion. 
A) to induce labor contractions. 
B) to stop fever and pain. 
C) to constrict or dilate arterioles. 
D) to act as vasodilators or vasoconstrictors. 
E) to inhibit gastric secretion. B

Question 2

Peptide hormones are synthesized by cytoplasmic ribosomes as active enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

These are all hypothalamic hormones except

Accepted Answer

A) antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
B) luteinizing hormone (LH). 
C) thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). 
D) somatostatin. 
E) prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH). 
A) antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
B) luteinizing hormone (LH). 
C) thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). 
D) somatostatin. 
E) prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH). B

Question 4

This gland has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

Accepted Answer

A) the adrenal gland 
B) the salivary gland 
C) the ovary 
D) the pineal gland 
E) the thymus 
A) the adrenal gland 
B) the salivary gland 
C) the ovary 
D) the pineal gland 
E) the thymus

Question 5

is synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Accepted Answer

A) Aldosterone 
B) Cortisol 
C) Testosterone 
D) Calcitriol 
E) Glucagon 
A) Aldosterone 
B) Cortisol 
C) Testosterone 
D) Calcitriol 
E) Glucagon

Question 6

Regardless of the cause of stress, the body reacts in a fairly consistent way to different stressors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

enters a target cell's nucleus and acts directly on the genes.

Accepted Answer

A) Insulin 
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
C) Estrogen 
D) Glucagon 
E) Oxytocin (OT) 
A) Insulin 
B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
C) Estrogen 
D) Glucagon 
E) Oxytocin (OT)

Question 8

The initial response to stress is called and is mediated mainly by .

Accepted Answer

A) the resistance stage; cortisol 
B) the resistance stage; aldosterone and cortisol 
C) the alarm reaction; norepinephrine and epinephrine 
D) the alarm reaction; cortisol 
E) the exhaustion stage; norepinephrine and epinephrine 
A) the resistance stage; cortisol 
B) the resistance stage; aldosterone and cortisol 
C) the alarm reaction; norepinephrine and epinephrine 
D) the alarm reaction; cortisol 
E) the exhaustion stage; norepinephrine and epinephrine

Question 9

Neither follicle stimulating (FSH) hormone nor testosterone alone can stimulate significant sperm production, whereas when they act together, the testes produce some 300,000 sperm per minute.This exemplifies

Accepted Answer

A) hormone clearance. 
B) the cascade effect. 
C) the synergistic effect. 
D) the permissive effect. 
E) the antagonistic effect. 
A) hormone clearance. 
B) the cascade effect. 
C) the synergistic effect. 
D) the permissive effect. 
E) the antagonistic effect.

Question 10

Cortisol

Accepted Answer

A) inhibits fat digestion. 
B) stimulates protein synthesis. 
C) promotes glycogen synthesis. 
D) stimulates glucose intake by most organs. 
E) promotes breakdown of fat and protein. 
A) inhibits fat digestion. 
B) stimulates protein synthesis. 
C) promotes glycogen synthesis. 
D) stimulates glucose intake by most organs. 
E) promotes breakdown of fat and protein.

Question 11

are secreted by one cell into the tissue fluid, diffuse to nearby cells in the same tissue, and stimulate their physiology.

Accepted Answer

A) Neurotransmitters 
B) Neuromodulators 
C) Hormones 
D) Parahormones 
E) Paracrines 
A) Neurotransmitters 
B) Neuromodulators 
C) Hormones 
D) Parahormones 
E) Paracrines

Question 12

This figure shows the major organs of the endocrine system.Which structure secretes growth hormone (GH or somatotropin)?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 8 
E) 9 
A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 8 
E) 9

Question 13

The resistance stage in the general adaptation syndrome (stress response) is dominated by

Accepted Answer

A) cortisol. 
B) epinephrine. 
C) norepinephrine. 
D) angiotensin. 
E) aldosterone. 
A) cortisol. 
B) epinephrine. 
C) norepinephrine. 
D) angiotensin. 
E) aldosterone.

Question 14

This figure shows

Accepted Answer

A) modulation of target cell sensitivity by up-regulation. 
B) modulation of target cell sensitivity by down-regulation. 
C) enzyme amplification. 
D) a cascade effect. 
E) a permissive effect. 
A) modulation of target cell sensitivity by up-regulation. 
B) modulation of target cell sensitivity by down-regulation. 
C) enzyme amplification. 
D) a cascade effect. 
E) a permissive effect.

Question 15

The secrete(s) , which promotes Na+ and water retention.

Accepted Answer

A) adrenal medulla; epinephrine 
B) pancreas; cortisol 
C) kidneys; corticosterone 
D) adrenal cortex; aldosterone 
E) thyroid; calcitonin 
A) adrenal medulla; epinephrine 
B) pancreas; cortisol 
C) kidneys; corticosterone 
D) adrenal cortex; aldosterone 
E) thyroid; calcitonin

Question 16

Epinephrine is said to have a glucose-sparing effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Many hours after a meal, alpha (α) cells in the pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) secrete

Accepted Answer

A) glucagon, which lowers blood glucose. 
B) glucagon, which raises blood glucose. 
C) insulin, which lowers blood glucose. 
D) insulin, which raises blood glucose. 
E) glucocorticoids, which raise blood glucose. 
A) glucagon, which lowers blood glucose. 
B) glucagon, which raises blood glucose. 
C) insulin, which lowers blood glucose. 
D) insulin, which raises blood glucose. 
E) glucocorticoids, which raise blood glucose.

Question 18

The is not an endocrine gland but it has a role in endocrine function.

Accepted Answer

A) kidney 
B) pancreas 
C) thyroid gland 
D) parathyroid gland 
E) adrenal gland 
A) kidney 
B) pancreas 
C) thyroid gland 
D) parathyroid gland 
E) adrenal gland

Question 19

Myxedema is characterized by low metabolic rate, sluggishness, and sleepiness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

T4 and T3 are hormones that are mainly transported in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) monoamine; bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) 
B) monoamine; unbound (free) 
C) steroid; bound to transcortin-binding protein (TBP) 
D) steroid; unbound (free) 
E) catecholamine; bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) 
A) monoamine; bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) 
B) monoamine; unbound (free) 
C) steroid; bound to transcortin-binding protein (TBP) 
D) steroid; unbound (free) 
E) catecholamine; bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)

Exam 17: The Endocrine System

Prostaglandins have all the following roles except

Peptide hormones are synthesized by cytoplasmic ribosomes as active enzymes.

These are all hypothalamic hormones except

This gland has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

is synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Regardless of the cause of stress, the body reacts in a fairly consistent way to different stressors.

enters a target cell's nucleus and acts directly on the genes.

The initial response to stress is called and is mediated mainly by .

Neither follicle stimulating (FSH) hormone nor testosterone alone can stimulate significant sperm production, whereas when they act together, the testes produce some 300,000 sperm per minute.This exemplifies

Cortisol

are secreted by one cell into the tissue fluid, diffuse to nearby cells in the same tissue, and stimulate their physiology.

This figure shows the major organs of the endocrine system.Which structure secretes growth hormone (GH or somatotropin)?

The resistance stage in the general adaptation syndrome (stress response) is dominated by

This figure shows

The secrete(s) , which promotes Na+ and water retention.

Epinephrine is said to have a glucose-sparing effect.

Many hours after a meal, alpha (α) cells in the pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) secrete

The is not an endocrine gland but it has a role in endocrine function.

Myxedema is characterized by low metabolic rate, sluggishness, and sleepiness.

T4 and T3 are hormones that are mainly transported in the blood.

Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemistry of Life

Cellular Form and Function

Genes and Cellular Function

The Human Tissues

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Muscular Tissue

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Somatic Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

Sense Organs

The Circulatory System: Blood

The Circulatory System: Heart

The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid - Base Balance

The Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

Human Development and Aging

Anatomical Terminology and Body Planes

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