Question 1

Absence of iodine in the diet leads to

Accepted Answer

A) hypoparathyroidism. 
B) hypothyroidism. 
C) hypocalcemia. 
D) hypoglycemia. 
E) hypoxemia. 
A) hypoparathyroidism. 
B) hypothyroidism. 
C) hypocalcemia. 
D) hypoglycemia. 
E) hypoxemia.

Question 2

The neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) secretes

Accepted Answer

A) prolactin (PRL). 
B) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). 
C) oxytocin (OT). 
D) thyroid hormone (TH). 
E) growth hormone (GH). 
A) prolactin (PRL). 
B) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). 
C) oxytocin (OT). 
D) thyroid hormone (TH). 
E) growth hormone (GH).

Question 3

The nervous system reacts to stimuli compared to the endocrine system, adapts compared to the endocrine system, and has effects compared to the endocrine system.

Accepted Answer

A) slowly; slowly; widespread 
B) quickly; slowly; specific 
C) quickly; quickly; widespread 
D) quickly; quickly; specific 
E) slowly; quickly; specific 
A) slowly; slowly; widespread 
B) quickly; slowly; specific 
C) quickly; quickly; widespread 
D) quickly; quickly; specific 
E) slowly; quickly; specific

Question 4

Diabetes insipidus is caused by

Accepted Answer

A) epinephrine hypersecretion. 
B) cortisol hypersecretion. 
C) aldosterone hypersecretion. 
D) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hyposecretion. 
E) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hypersecretion. 
A) epinephrine hypersecretion. 
B) cortisol hypersecretion. 
C) aldosterone hypersecretion. 
D) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hyposecretion. 
E) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hypersecretion.

Question 5

This figure shows the hypothalamo-pituitary-target organ relationships.Which hormone stimulates glucocorticoid secretion?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 6 
C) 8 
D) 5 
E) 10 
A) 1 
B) 6 
C) 8 
D) 5 
E) 10

Question 6

is not a steroid hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) Insulin 
B) Cortisol 
C) Progesterone 
D) Aldosterone 
E) Estradiol 
A) Insulin 
B) Cortisol 
C) Progesterone 
D) Aldosterone 
E) Estradiol

Question 7

This hormone plays an important role in synchronizing physiological function with the cycle of daylight and darkness.

Accepted Answer

A) calcitonin 
B) melanin 
C) melatonin 
D) hepcidin 
E) inhibin 
A) calcitonin 
B) melanin 
C) melatonin 
D) hepcidin 
E) inhibin

Question 8

Thyroid hormone has a calorigenic effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Eicosanoids are derived from steroids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Negative feedback inhibition occurs when

Accepted Answer

A) thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) targets the anterior pituitary. 
B) thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) causes the anterior pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). 
C) thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) targets the thyroid gland. 
D) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) targets the thyroid gland. 
E) thyroid hormone (TH) targets the anterior pituitary. 
A) thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) targets the anterior pituitary. 
B) thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) causes the anterior pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). 
C) thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) targets the thyroid gland. 
D) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) targets the thyroid gland. 
E) thyroid hormone (TH) targets the anterior pituitary.

Question 11

Hormones are normally secreted via ducts into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the following except

Accepted Answer

A) hypoglycemia. 
B) polyuria. 
C) polyphagia. 
D) polydipsia. 
E) glycosuria. 
A) hypoglycemia. 
B) polyuria. 
C) polyphagia. 
D) polydipsia. 
E) glycosuria.

Question 13

This is the last step in the sequence of events happening when cyclic AMP acts as a second messenger.

Accepted Answer

A) G protein activates adenylate cyclase 
B) cAMP activates protein kinases 
C) adenylate cyclase produces cAMP 
D) G protein is activated by the binding of a hormone to the receptor 
E) enzymes are activated or deactivated by the action of protein kinases 
A) G protein activates adenylate cyclase 
B) cAMP activates protein kinases 
C) adenylate cyclase produces cAMP 
D) G protein is activated by the binding of a hormone to the receptor 
E) enzymes are activated or deactivated by the action of protein kinases

Question 14

The secrete(s) a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia.

Accepted Answer

A) thymus 
B) thyroid gland 
C) parathyroid glands 
D) pineal gland 
E) pituitary gland 
A) thymus 
B) thyroid gland 
C) parathyroid glands 
D) pineal gland 
E) pituitary gland

Question 15

Eicosanoids are derived from

Accepted Answer

A) arachidonic acid. 
B) leukotriene. 
C) prostacyclin. 
D) prostaglandins. 
E) thromboxanes. 
A) arachidonic acid. 
B) leukotriene. 
C) prostacyclin. 
D) prostaglandins. 
E) thromboxanes.

Question 16

The hypophyseal portal system connects

Accepted Answer

A) the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) with the hypothalamus. 
B) the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) with the hypothalamus. 
C) the anterior pituitary with the posterior pituitary. 
D) the hypothalamus with its target organs. 
E) the pituitary with its target organs. 
A) the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) with the hypothalamus. 
B) the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) with the hypothalamus. 
C) the anterior pituitary with the posterior pituitary. 
D) the hypothalamus with its target organs. 
E) the pituitary with its target organs.

Question 17

Target organs most often regulate the pituitary gland via

Accepted Answer

A) negative feedback inhibition. 
B) positive feedback inhibition. 
C) up-regulation. 
D) down-regulation. 
E) antagonistic regulation. 
A) negative feedback inhibition. 
B) positive feedback inhibition. 
C) up-regulation. 
D) down-regulation. 
E) antagonistic regulation.

Question 18

Addison disease is a consequence of a tumor of the adrenal medulla.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The zona fasciculata in the adrenal gland secretes

Accepted Answer

A) glucagon. 
B) androgens. 
C) estradiol. 
D) aldosterone. 
E) cortisol. 
A) glucagon. 
B) androgens. 
C) estradiol. 
D) aldosterone. 
E) cortisol.

Question 20

The secretes several hormones that stimulate the development of lymphatic organs and regulates development and activity of T cells (white blood cells).

Accepted Answer

A) thyroid 
B) thymus 
C) adrenal gland 
D) spleen 
E) parathyroid 
A) thyroid 
B) thymus 
C) adrenal gland 
D) spleen 
E) parathyroid

Exam 17: The Endocrine System

Absence of iodine in the diet leads to

The neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) secretes

The nervous system reacts to stimuli compared to the endocrine system, adapts compared to the endocrine system, and has effects compared to the endocrine system.

Diabetes insipidus is caused by

This figure shows the hypothalamo-pituitary-target organ relationships.Which hormone stimulates glucocorticoid secretion?

is not a steroid hormone.

This hormone plays an important role in synchronizing physiological function with the cycle of daylight and darkness.

Thyroid hormone has a calorigenic effect.

Eicosanoids are derived from steroids.

Negative feedback inhibition occurs when

Hormones are normally secreted via ducts into the bloodstream.

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the following except

This is the last step in the sequence of events happening when cyclic AMP acts as a second messenger.

The secrete(s) a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia.

Eicosanoids are derived from

The hypophyseal portal system connects

Target organs most often regulate the pituitary gland via

Addison disease is a consequence of a tumor of the adrenal medulla.

The zona fasciculata in the adrenal gland secretes

The secretes several hormones that stimulate the development of lymphatic organs and regulates development and activity of T cells (white blood cells).

Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemistry of Life

Cellular Form and Function

Genes and Cellular Function

The Human Tissues

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Muscular Tissue

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Somatic Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

Sense Organs

The Circulatory System: Blood

The Circulatory System: Heart

The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid - Base Balance

The Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

Human Development and Aging

Anatomical Terminology and Body Planes

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