Question 1

The parasympathetic division arises from the region(s) of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) brain, thoracic, and lumbar 
B) brain, sacral, and coccygeal 
C) brain, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal 
D) sacral and lumbar 
E) brain and sacral 
A) brain, thoracic, and lumbar 
B) brain, sacral, and coccygeal 
C) brain, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal 
D) sacral and lumbar 
E) brain and sacral E

Question 2

Most preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system synapse with 10 to 20 postganglionic neurons.This results in

Accepted Answer

A) sympathetic fibers arising in the spinal cord all along its length. 
B) the sympathetic nervous system having a relative widespread effect. 
C) sympathetic spinal nerves being smaller. 
D) sympathetic ganglia being close to the spinal cord. 
E) spinal nerves being smaller. 
A) sympathetic fibers arising in the spinal cord all along its length. 
B) the sympathetic nervous system having a relative widespread effect. 
C) sympathetic spinal nerves being smaller. 
D) sympathetic ganglia being close to the spinal cord. 
E) spinal nerves being smaller. B

Question 3

is the background rate of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity.

Accepted Answer

A) "Fight or flight" activity 
B) Visceral motor activity 
C) Autonomic reflex arc activity 
D) Visceral tone 
E) Autonomic tone. 
A) "Fight or flight" activity 
B) Visceral motor activity 
C) Autonomic reflex arc activity 
D) Visceral tone 
E) Autonomic tone. E

Question 4

This figure shows a division of the autonomic nervous system.The label represents the Vagus Nerve (CN X).

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 3 
C) 2 
D) 1 
E) 5 
A) 4 
B) 3 
C) 2 
D) 1 
E) 5

Question 5

If a cell has α1 adrenergic receptors, it is sensitive to

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine (ACh). 
B) norepinephrine (N
E) . 
C) adrenaline. 
D) alpha adrenaline. 
E) nicotine. 
A) acetylcholine (ACh). 
B) norepinephrine (N
E) . 
C) adrenaline. 
D) alpha adrenaline. 
E) nicotine.

Question 6

The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except the

Accepted Answer

A) adrenal gland. 
B) smooth muscle in the walls of the aorta. 
C) cardiac muscle in the right atrium. 
D) skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis. 
E) parotid salivary gland. 
A) adrenal gland. 
B) smooth muscle in the walls of the aorta. 
C) cardiac muscle in the right atrium. 
D) skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis. 
E) parotid salivary gland.

Question 7

The solar plexus is used as a name for

Accepted Answer

A) the spinal nerve route. 
B) the carotid plexus. 
C) either the celiac and mesenteric ganglia or with celiac ganglia only. 
D) the splanchic nerves. 
E) the sympathetic nerve route. 
A) the spinal nerve route. 
B) the carotid plexus. 
C) either the celiac and mesenteric ganglia or with celiac ganglia only. 
D) the splanchic nerves. 
E) the sympathetic nerve route.

Question 8

Sympathetic fibers arise only from the region(s) of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) cervical, thoracic, and lumbar 
B) thoracic and lumbar 
C) thoracic 
D) cervical 
E) lumbar 
A) cervical, thoracic, and lumbar 
B) thoracic and lumbar 
C) thoracic 
D) cervical 
E) lumbar

Question 9

The adrenal medulla is a modified sympathetic ganglion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The parasympathetic division stimulates digestion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Binding of norepinephrine (NE) to an alpha-adrenergic receptor is usually excitatory, and binding to a
beta-adrenergic receptor is usually inhibitory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Most sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic fibers secrete adrenaline.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is associated with the "flight or fight" reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) pupillary constriction 
B) glycogen synthesis 
C) increased gastric motility 
D) reduced urinary output 
E) reduced heart rate 
A) pupillary constriction 
B) glycogen synthesis 
C) increased gastric motility 
D) reduced urinary output 
E) reduced heart rate

Question 14

A possible explanation for the effect of caffeine is that it blocks the receptor for a neuromodulator in the brain called , which inhibits ACh release by cholinergic neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) glycine 
B) dopamine 
C) serotonin 
D) melatonin 
E) adenosine 
A) glycine 
B) dopamine 
C) serotonin 
D) melatonin 
E) adenosine

Question 15

Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) changing the diameter of the pupil. 
B) adjusting heart rate and force. 
C) altering salivary mucus secretion. 
D) regulating gastrointestinal motility. 
E) maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck. 
A) changing the diameter of the pupil. 
B) adjusting heart rate and force. 
C) altering salivary mucus secretion. 
D) regulating gastrointestinal motility. 
E) maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck.

Question 16

This figure shows the neural pathway through the autonomic nervous system.What does structure "3" represent?

Accepted Answer

A) preganglionic sympathetic fiber 
B) postganglionic sympathetic fiber 
C) somatic motor fiber 
D) preganglionic parasympathetic fiber 
E) postganglionic parasympathetic fiber 
A) preganglionic sympathetic fiber 
B) postganglionic sympathetic fiber 
C) somatic motor fiber 
D) preganglionic parasympathetic fiber 
E) postganglionic parasympathetic fiber

Question 17

White rami carry neurons, while gray rami carry neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) myelinated postganglionic; unmyelinated preganglionic 
B) unmyelinated postganglionic; myelinated preganglionic 
C) myelinated preganglionic; unmyelinated postganglionic 
D) unmyelinated preganglionic; myelinated postganglionic 
E) myelinated preganglionic; myelinated postganglionic 
A) myelinated postganglionic; unmyelinated preganglionic 
B) unmyelinated postganglionic; myelinated preganglionic 
C) myelinated preganglionic; unmyelinated postganglionic 
D) unmyelinated preganglionic; myelinated postganglionic 
E) myelinated preganglionic; myelinated postganglionic

Question 18

Muscarinic receptors bind

Accepted Answer

A) epinephrine. 
B) norepinephrine. 
C) monoamine oxidase (MAO). 
D) acetylcholinesterase. 
E) acetylcholine. 
A) epinephrine. 
B) norepinephrine. 
C) monoamine oxidase (MAO). 
D) acetylcholinesterase. 
E) acetylcholine.

Question 19

The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is , and/whereas the effect of somatic fibers is .

Accepted Answer

A) always excitatory; always excitatory too 
B) excitatory or inhibitory; always excitatory 
C) excitatory or inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory 
D) always inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory 
E) always inhibitory; always excitatory 
A) always excitatory; always excitatory too 
B) excitatory or inhibitory; always excitatory 
C) excitatory or inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory 
D) always inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory 
E) always inhibitory; always excitatory

Question 20

Which of the following is more effective in producing bronchodilation?

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine 
B) nicotine 
C) muscarine 
D) norepinephrine 
E) thyroxine 
A) acetylcholine 
B) nicotine 
C) muscarine 
D) norepinephrine 
E) thyroxine

Exam 15: The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

The parasympathetic division arises from the region(s) of the spinal cord.

Most preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system synapse with 10 to 20 postganglionic neurons.This results in

is the background rate of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity.

This figure shows a division of the autonomic nervous system.The label represents the Vagus Nerve (CN X).

If a cell has α1 adrenergic receptors, it is sensitive to

The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except the

The solar plexus is used as a name for

Sympathetic fibers arise only from the region(s) of the spinal cord.

The adrenal medulla is a modified sympathetic ganglion.

The parasympathetic division stimulates digestion.

Binding of norepinephrine (NE) to an alpha-adrenergic receptor is usually excitatory, and binding to a beta-adrenergic receptor is usually inhibitory.

Most sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic fibers secrete adrenaline.

Which of the following is associated with the "flight or fight" reaction?

A possible explanation for the effect of caffeine is that it blocks the receptor for a neuromodulator in the brain called , which inhibits ACh release by cholinergic neurons.

Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except

This figure shows the neural pathway through the autonomic nervous system.What does structure "3" represent?

White rami carry neurons, while gray rami carry neurons.

Muscarinic receptors bind

The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is , and/whereas the effect of somatic fibers is .

Which of the following is more effective in producing bronchodilation?

Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemistry of Life

Cellular Form and Function

Genes and Cellular Function

The Human Tissues

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Muscular Tissue

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Somatic Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sense Organs

The Endocrine System

The Circulatory System: Blood

The Circulatory System: Heart

The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid - Base Balance

The Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

Human Development and Aging

Anatomical Terminology and Body Planes

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