Question 1

Diploid cell cultures and continuous cell cultures differ in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  source of cells 
B)  longevity 
C)  convenience of use 
D)  Both A and B are correct. 
E)  Both A and C are correct. 
A)  source of cells 
B)  longevity 
C)  convenience of use 
D)  Both A and B are correct. 
E)  Both A and C are correct.

Question 2

All of the following are diseases known to be caused by prions EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease. 
B)  Alzheimer's disease. 
C)  kuru. 
D)  bovine spongiform encephalopathy. 
E)  scrapie. 
A)  Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease. 
B)  Alzheimer's disease. 
C)  kuru. 
D)  bovine spongiform encephalopathy. 
E)  scrapie.

Question 3

Although they are cheaper to culture than animal viruses, bacteriophages are more difficult to culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Plaque assays are used for

Accepted Answer

A)  the cultivation of viruses that cannot be grown any other way. 
B)  the study of prions. 
C)  estimation of the number of phages in a culture. 
D)  evaluation of the cancer- causing ability of a virus. 
E)  counting the number of latent phages in a cell. 
A)  the cultivation of viruses that cannot be grown any other way. 
B)  the study of prions. 
C)  estimation of the number of phages in a culture. 
D)  evaluation of the cancer- causing ability of a virus. 
E)  counting the number of latent phages in a cell.

Question 5

Which of the following agents is capable of inducing conversion of a prophage back to a lytic phage?

Accepted Answer

A)  X rays 
B)  UV light 
C)  presence of +ssRNA 
D)  Both A and B are correct. 
E)  A, B, and C are correct. 
A)  X rays 
B)  UV light 
C)  presence of +ssRNA 
D)  Both A and B are correct. 
E)  A, B, and C are correct.

Question 6

Transcription of RNA from RNA does not occur in cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Virus vaccines are always cultured in embryonated chicken eggs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Viral capsids are composed of subunits called _ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Viral capsids are composed of subunits called...

Question 9

Which of the following is an enzyme necessary for the successful replication of bacteriophage T4?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysozyme 
B)  matrix proteins 
C)  reverse transcriptase 
D)  RNA- dependent RNA transcriptase 
E)  capsomere 
A)  lysozyme 
B)  matrix proteins 
C)  reverse transcriptase 
D)  RNA- dependent RNA transcriptase 
E)  capsomere

Question 10

Put the following stages of a lytic replication cycle in order, from earliest to latest stages:
I. Synthesis
II. Assembly
III. Attachment
IV. Release
V. Entry

Accepted Answer

A)  I, III, V, II, IV 
B)  V, III, II, IV, I 
C)  I, II, III, V, IV 
D)  III, V, I, II, IV 
E)  III, II, V, I, IV 
A)  I, III, V, II, IV 
B)  V, III, II, IV, I 
C)  I, II, III, V, IV 
D)  III, V, I, II, IV 
E)  III, II, V, I, IV

Question 11

What is the role of protooncogenes in theories of how viruses cause cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  They prevent the immune system from attacking cancer- causing viruses. 
B)  They cause cancer viruses to replicate faster. 
C)  They play a role in the control of cell division. 
D)  They make cells more susceptible to infection by cancer- causing viruses. 
E)  They prevent cancer- causing viruses from leaving the cell. 
A)  They prevent the immune system from attacking cancer- causing viruses. 
B)  They cause cancer viruses to replicate faster. 
C)  They play a role in the control of cell division. 
D)  They make cells more susceptible to infection by cancer- causing viruses. 
E)  They prevent cancer- causing viruses from leaving the cell.

Question 12

Viroids infect

Accepted Answer

A)  fungi. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  all organisms. 
D)  plants and animals. 
E)  plants. 
A)  fungi. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  all organisms. 
D)  plants and animals. 
E)  plants.

Question 13

Poxvirus is assembled in the cytoplasm of the cell instead of in the nucleus, as most dsDNA viruses are.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Most viruses cannot be seen by light microscopy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

All of the following statements concerning virus taxonomy are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Currently there are only three orders of viruses. 
B)  Staining is used as a means of classifying viruses. 
C)  Virus family names are sometimes derived from the name of an important virus within the family. 
D)  The ICTV establishes proper taxonomic schemes for virus classification. 
E)  Families are the highest taxonomic groups used for all viruses. 
A)  Currently there are only three orders of viruses. 
B)  Staining is used as a means of classifying viruses. 
C)  Virus family names are sometimes derived from the name of an important virus within the family. 
D)  The ICTV establishes proper taxonomic schemes for virus classification. 
E)  Families are the highest taxonomic groups used for all viruses.

Question 16

How is the HIV provirus different from a lambda phage prophage?

Accepted Answer

A)  All the offspring of a cell infected with a prophage will contain the virus. 
B)  The HIV provirus is integrated permanently into the host cell's DNA. 
C)  All subsequent generations of HIV- infected cells carry the prophage. 
D)  Lambda phage- infected cells produce virus slowly over time. 
E)  The HIV provirus is inactive inside the host cell. 
A)  All the offspring of a cell infected with a prophage will contain the virus. 
B)  The HIV provirus is integrated permanently into the host cell's DNA. 
C)  All subsequent generations of HIV- infected cells carry the prophage. 
D)  Lambda phage- infected cells produce virus slowly over time. 
E)  The HIV provirus is inactive inside the host cell.

Question 17

Why is lysogeny advantageous to a bacteriophage?

Accepted Answer

A)  The genetic material of the phage can be passed on to future generations of cells. 
B)  It allows the bacteriophage to infect cells it would not normally infect. 
C)  It enables the bacteriophage to take over the cell. 
D)  It allows the bacteriophage to destroy the host cell's DNA. 
E)  It speeds up the viral life cycle. 
A)  The genetic material of the phage can be passed on to future generations of cells. 
B)  It allows the bacteriophage to infect cells it would not normally infect. 
C)  It enables the bacteriophage to take over the cell. 
D)  It allows the bacteriophage to destroy the host cell's DNA. 
E)  It speeds up the viral life cycle.

Question 18

is uncontrolled cell division in a multicellular animal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of is uncontrolled cell division in a multicellular...

Question 19

All of the following statements are true for animal viruses and bacteriophage EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Animal viruses take longer to replicate than bacteriophage. 
B)  Animal viruses can enter via direct penetration. 
C)  The attachment for bacteriophage and animal viruses is dependent upon chemical attraction. 
D)  Uncoating is required for bacteriophage. 
E)  The bacteriophage genome can incorporate into the host chromosome. 
A)  Animal viruses take longer to replicate than bacteriophage. 
B)  Animal viruses can enter via direct penetration. 
C)  The attachment for bacteriophage and animal viruses is dependent upon chemical attraction. 
D)  Uncoating is required for bacteriophage. 
E)  The bacteriophage genome can incorporate into the host chromosome.

Question 20

For a lytic bacteriophage, the time from attachment to release is known as the .

Accepted Answer

The answer of For a lytic bacteriophage, the time from...

Exam 13: Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Diploid cell cultures and continuous cell cultures differ in which of the following ways?

All of the following are diseases known to be caused by prions EXCEPT:

Although they are cheaper to culture than animal viruses, bacteriophages are more difficult to culture.

Plaque assays are used for

Which of the following agents is capable of inducing conversion of a prophage back to a lytic phage?

Transcription of RNA from RNA does not occur in cells.

Virus vaccines are always cultured in embryonated chicken eggs.

Viral capsids are composed of subunits called _ .

Which of the following is an enzyme necessary for the successful replication of bacteriophage T4?

Put the following stages of a lytic replication cycle in order, from earliest to latest stages: I. Synthesis II. Assembly III. Attachment IV. Release V. Entry

What is the role of protooncogenes in theories of how viruses cause cancer?

Viroids infect

Poxvirus is assembled in the cytoplasm of the cell instead of in the nucleus, as most dsDNA viruses are.

Most viruses cannot be seen by light microscopy.

All of the following statements concerning virus taxonomy are true EXCEPT:

How is the HIV provirus different from a lambda phage prophage?

Why is lysogeny advantageous to a bacteriophage?

is uncontrolled cell division in a multicellular animal.

All of the following statements are true for animal viruses and bacteriophage EXCEPT:

For a lytic bacteriophage, the time from attachment to release is known as the .

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant Dna Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Aids and Other Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Microbial Cardiovascular and Systemic Diseases

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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