Question 1

What is the primary purpose of debriefing a participant?

Accepted Answer

A)  To describe future research 
B)  To explain the purpose of the research 
C)  To counteract or minimize any negative effects from the experiment 
D)  To answer any questions about the experiment 
A)  To describe future research 
B)  To explain the purpose of the research 
C)  To counteract or minimize any negative effects from the experiment 
D)  To answer any questions about the experiment C

Question 2

Conflict of interest can emerge in a study:

Accepted Answer

A)  If the investigator has some commercial interest in the findings such as support for a program or intervention he or she tries to sell) 
B)  If a contract or grant that funds research has an agenda that competes with obtaining objective data 
C)  If the investigator is not allowed to publish or place in the public domain findings that do not support the view of an agency that requested the research 
D)  All of the above 
A)  If the investigator has some commercial interest in the findings such as support for a program or intervention he or she tries to sell) 
B)  If a contract or grant that funds research has an agenda that competes with obtaining objective data 
C)  If the investigator is not allowed to publish or place in the public domain findings that do not support the view of an agency that requested the research 
D)  All of the above D

Question 3

Which of the following is not a necessary component of informed consent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Competence 
B)  Structure 
C)  Knowledge 
D)  Volition 
A)  Competence 
B)  Structure 
C)  Knowledge 
D)  Volition B

Question 4

What is the psychological term that refers to ensuring that the identity of the participants and their performance is not revealed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confidentiality 
B)  Classified status 
C)  Anonymity 
D)  a and b 
A)  Confidentiality 
B)  Classified status 
C)  Anonymity 
D)  a and b

Question 5

Ethical issues can emerge

Accepted Answer

A)  In relation to the individual subject in an experiment 
B)  In relation to groups of subjects e.g., given cultural or ethnic group) whether or not they were included in the study 
C)  Only when there is reason to believe there is some psychological or physical risk to the subject 
D)  a and b 
A)  In relation to the individual subject in an experiment 
B)  In relation to groups of subjects e.g., given cultural or ethnic group) whether or not they were included in the study 
C)  Only when there is reason to believe there is some psychological or physical risk to the subject 
D)  a and b

Question 6

Ethical guidelines have been developed for research practices in part to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Explain the obligations of researchers towards subjects 
B)  Dictate the type of research that can be conducted 
C)  Codify the requirements of publishing research reports 
D)  Rule out objectionable practices such as deception in research 
A)  Explain the obligations of researchers towards subjects 
B)  Dictate the type of research that can be conducted 
C)  Codify the requirements of publishing research reports 
D)  Rule out objectionable practices such as deception in research

Question 7

The spirit of consent refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Consenting to participate without actually signing a consent form 
B)  The researcher's best effort to convey the predicted outcomes of the experiment 
C)  Getting consent from an authority to run a group of people without getting consent from each individual participant 
D)  The researcher's attempt to describe the purpose and procedure of an experiment 
A)  Consenting to participate without actually signing a consent form 
B)  The researcher's best effort to convey the predicted outcomes of the experiment 
C)  Getting consent from an authority to run a group of people without getting consent from each individual participant 
D)  The researcher's attempt to describe the purpose and procedure of an experiment

Question 8

Fraud in science:

Accepted Answer

A)  Undermines public trust in research 
B)  Reflects an explicit effort to deceive and misrepresent 
C)  Is important to address in the training of researchers 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Undermines public trust in research 
B)  Reflects an explicit effort to deceive and misrepresent 
C)  Is important to address in the training of researchers 
D)  All of the above

Question 9

Data and information about a published study are often shared made available to others) in the sciences. However,

Accepted Answer

A)  Investigators are often reluctant to share information 
B)  There are some complexities such as whether sharing data would limit plans the investigators have for further data, whether use of the data extends beyond informed consent provided by the subjects, what constitutes "the data" e.g., just what was reported or additional information that might help interpret that) 
C)  There may be legal obligations to share data, depending on mandates from a government funding agency 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Investigators are often reluctant to share information 
B)  There are some complexities such as whether sharing data would limit plans the investigators have for further data, whether use of the data extends beyond informed consent provided by the subjects, what constitutes "the data" e.g., just what was reported or additional information that might help interpret that) 
C)  There may be legal obligations to share data, depending on mandates from a government funding agency 
D)  All of the above

Question 10

Why should no-treatment or waiting-list control design be used sparingly?

Accepted Answer

A)  They present ethical problems 
B)  They are expensive and difficult to maintain 
C)  They do not important to most designs 
D)  Treatment effects are less powerful than other designs 
A)  They present ethical problems 
B)  They are expensive and difficult to maintain 
C)  They do not important to most designs 
D)  Treatment effects are less powerful than other designs

Question 11

Which of the following is required in justifying the use of deception?

Accepted Answer

A)  The actual purpose is difficult to understand 
B)  The nature of the research is controversial 
C)  Less deceptive technique will not produce the desired effect 
D)  the deception will be easier for the participant to accept 
A)  The actual purpose is difficult to understand 
B)  The nature of the research is controversial 
C)  Less deceptive technique will not produce the desired effect 
D)  the deception will be easier for the participant to accept

Question 12

Consent forms contain several items. Which of the following is a list of items one would typically find on a consent form?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alternative treatments, benefits, costs and compensation 
B)  Benefits, future research, costs and compensation 
C)  Risks, cost and compensation, outcome predictions 
D)  Design of the experiment, overview, outcome predictions 
A)  Alternative treatments, benefits, costs and compensation 
B)  Benefits, future research, costs and compensation 
C)  Risks, cost and compensation, outcome predictions 
D)  Design of the experiment, overview, outcome predictions

Question 13

Why is deception typically utilized in experiments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Informing participants of the true nature of the study may dictate or unduly influence behavior 
B)  To determine how different cover stories can influence participant's attitudes 
C)  Informing participants about the experimental hypotheses may create problems 
D)  Describing the actual purpose of studies can be overly technical 
A)  Informing participants of the true nature of the study may dictate or unduly influence behavior 
B)  To determine how different cover stories can influence participant's attitudes 
C)  Informing participants about the experimental hypotheses may create problems 
D)  Describing the actual purpose of studies can be overly technical

Question 14

Informed consent is an essential part of research because:

Accepted Answer

A)  It is when participants are told the purpose of the research 
B)  It is when participants agree to participate in the research 
C)  It describes the design of the experiment 
D)  It explains the requirements for participation in the experiment 
A)  It is when participants are told the purpose of the research 
B)  It is when participants agree to participate in the research 
C)  It describes the design of the experiment 
D)  It explains the requirements for participation in the experiment

Question 15

If four researchers collaborated on a research project, who among the following might be least likely to be entitled to authorship on the published research report?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researcher # 1: Ran all of the participants 
B)  Researcher # 2: Developed the design and procedure 
C)  Researcher # 3: Wrote portions of the report and completed some of the data analysis 
D)  Researcher # 4: Decided what data analyses to use and conducted the analyses 
A)  Researcher # 1: Ran all of the participants 
B)  Researcher # 2: Developed the design and procedure 
C)  Researcher # 3: Wrote portions of the report and completed some of the data analysis 
D)  Researcher # 4: Decided what data analyses to use and conducted the analyses

What is the primary purpose of debriefing a participant?

Conflict of interest can emerge in a study:

Which of the following is not a necessary component of informed consent?

What is the psychological term that refers to ensuring that the identity of the participants and their performance is not revealed?

Ethical issues can emerge

Ethical guidelines have been developed for research practices in part to:

The spirit of consent refers to:

Fraud in science:

Data and information about a published study are often shared made available to others) in the sciences. However,

Why should no-treatment or waiting-list control design be used sparingly?

Which of the following is required in justifying the use of deception?

Consent forms contain several items. Which of the following is a list of items one would typically find on a consent form?

Why is deception typically utilized in experiments?

Informed consent is an essential part of research because:

If four researchers collaborated on a research project, who among the following might be least likely to be entitled to authorship on the published research report?

Drawing Valid Inferences I: Internal and External Validity

Drawing Valid Inferences Ii: Construct and Statistical Conclusion Validity

Sources of Artifact and Bias

Selection of the Research Problem and Design

Experimental Research: Group Designs

Control and Comparison Groups

Assessing the Impact of the Experimental Manipulation

Observational Research: Case-Control and Cohort Designs

The Case Study and Single-Case Research Designs

Evaluation of the Single Case in Clinical Work

Qualitative Research Methods: an Overview

Assessment Methods and Strategies

Assessment and Evaluation of Interventions

Statistical Methods of Data Evaluation

Interpretation of the Data

Publication and Communication of Research Findings

Filters

Exam 17: Ethical Issues and Guidelines for Research

What is the primary purpose of debriefing a participant?

Conflict of interest can emerge in a study:

Which of the following is not a necessary component of informed consent?

What is the psychological term that refers to ensuring that the identity of the participants and their performance is not revealed?

Ethical issues can emerge

Ethical guidelines have been developed for research practices in part to:

The spirit of consent refers to:

Fraud in science:

Data and information about a published study are often shared made available to others) in the sciences. However,

Why should no-treatment or waiting-list control design be used sparingly?

Which of the following is required in justifying the use of deception?

Consent forms contain several items. Which of the following is a list of items one would typically find on a consent form?

Why is deception typically utilized in experiments?

Informed consent is an essential part of research because:

If four researchers collaborated on a research project, who among the following might be least likely to be entitled to authorship on the published research report?

Drawing Valid Inferences I: Internal and External Validity

Drawing Valid Inferences Ii: Construct and Statistical Conclusion Validity

Sources of Artifact and Bias

Selection of the Research Problem and Design

Experimental Research: Group Designs

Control and Comparison Groups

Assessing the Impact of the Experimental Manipulation

Observational Research: Case-Control and Cohort Designs

The Case Study and Single-Case Research Designs

Evaluation of the Single Case in Clinical Work

Qualitative Research Methods: an Overview

Assessment Methods and Strategies

Assessment and Evaluation of Interventions

Statistical Methods of Data Evaluation

Interpretation of the Data

Publication and Communication of Research Findings

Filters