Question 1

According to Piaget,what is the hallmark of thinking during the preoperational stage of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  object permanence 
B)  refinement of logical analysis 
C)  symbolic functions 
D)  expansion of knowledge base 
A)  object permanence 
B)  refinement of logical analysis 
C)  symbolic functions 
D)  expansion of knowledge base

Question 2

Bjorklund has conjectured that the average 3-year-old has more in common with a 21-year-old adult than with a 12-month-old infant.What aspect of Piagetian thought led him to make this statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  delayed imitation 
B)  conservation 
C)  animistic thought 
D)  symbolic thought 
A)  delayed imitation 
B)  conservation 
C)  animistic thought 
D)  symbolic thought

Question 3

According to Piaget,what is the neonate's main sensorimotor activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  exercising innate reflexes 
B)  performing primary circular reactions 
C)  performing secondary circular reactions 
D)  learning through classical conditioning 
A)  exercising innate reflexes 
B)  performing primary circular reactions 
C)  performing secondary circular reactions 
D)  learning through classical conditioning

Question 4

Contrast Piaget's and Vygotsky's views on the role of language in cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

Piaget and Vygotsky had different views

Question 5

Which behaviour related to mental states emerges earliest in infancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-recognition in mirrors 
B)  repeating gestures by humans but not by objects 
C)  talking about desires, feelings, or perceptions 
D)  pointing to objects to redirect others' attention 
A)  self-recognition in mirrors 
B)  repeating gestures by humans but not by objects 
C)  talking about desires, feelings, or perceptions 
D)  pointing to objects to redirect others' attention

Question 6

According to Vygotsky,what does the term scaffolding refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  The parent or teacher stays out of the child's way so that discovery happens. 
B)  The parent or teacher assists the child with difficult parts of the task. 
C)  The parent or teacher provides social support by having other kids nearby. 
D)  The parent or teacher demonstrates everything so that the child learns via observation and avoids making mistakes. 
A)  The parent or teacher stays out of the child's way so that discovery happens. 
B)  The parent or teacher assists the child with difficult parts of the task. 
C)  The parent or teacher provides social support by having other kids nearby. 
D)  The parent or teacher demonstrates everything so that the child learns via observation and avoids making mistakes.

Question 7

Outline four research findings that lend support to Vygotsky's views regarding private speech.

Accepted Answer

1. Private speech helps children regulat

Question 8

According to Vygotsky,what does the term zone of proximal development refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  tasks that are learned when children are placed together without adult supervision 
B)  tasks that are similar in the level of cognitive understanding required to successfully complete them 
C)  tasks that are completely mastered by the child in the previous level of cognitive understanding 
D)  tasks that are too complex for the child to complete alone but that can be accomplished with guidance and encouragement from a partner who is more skilled 
A)  tasks that are learned when children are placed together without adult supervision 
B)  tasks that are similar in the level of cognitive understanding required to successfully complete them 
C)  tasks that are completely mastered by the child in the previous level of cognitive understanding 
D)  tasks that are too complex for the child to complete alone but that can be accomplished with guidance and encouragement from a partner who is more skilled

Question 9

Juan lifts the cover of a box to retrieve the toy his father has just placed there.According to Piaget,what cognitive process allows Juan to achieve his goal?

Accepted Answer

A)  organization 
B)  cooperation 
C)  coordination 
D)  habituation 
A)  organization 
B)  cooperation 
C)  coordination 
D)  habituation

Question 10

Mrs.Weston asks Colin if he wants his sandwich whole or cut into two pieces.Colin asks her to keep it in one piece because he isn't hungry enough to eat two pieces.How would Piaget explain Colin's request?

Accepted Answer

A)  He did not assimilate his sandwich. 
B)  He did not accommodate his sandwich. 
C)  He does not yet understand conservation. 
D)  He does not yet understand centration. 
A)  He did not assimilate his sandwich. 
B)  He did not accommodate his sandwich. 
C)  He does not yet understand conservation. 
D)  He does not yet understand centration.

Question 11

List four deficits that are evident in preconceptual reasoning and provide examples that illustrate each of these deficits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List four deficits that are evident in...

Question 12

Which statement best characterizes thought during the preoperational period?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children lack the ability to perform certain basic mental operations. 
B)  Children's schemes revolve primarily around sensory and motor abilities. 
C)  Children's mental operations are tied to actual objects in the real world. 
D)  Children can consider hypothetical outcomes and make logical deductions. 
A)  Children lack the ability to perform certain basic mental operations. 
B)  Children's schemes revolve primarily around sensory and motor abilities. 
C)  Children's mental operations are tied to actual objects in the real world. 
D)  Children can consider hypothetical outcomes and make logical deductions.

Question 13

What is one criticism that has been raised concerning Piaget's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  his focus on schooling as one of the primary factors underlying cognitive development 
B)  his focus on the cognitive development of female subjects 
C)  his notion of social context as the primary force behind cognitive development 
D)  his notion of sharp, distinct transitions between different stages of cognitive development 
A)  his focus on schooling as one of the primary factors underlying cognitive development 
B)  his focus on the cognitive development of female subjects 
C)  his notion of social context as the primary force behind cognitive development 
D)  his notion of sharp, distinct transitions between different stages of cognitive development

Question 14

Rachel is visiting her friend Edith.Edith's mom gives each of the children a can of juice and two different glasses.Despite the fact that both girls can pour the whole can into their glass,Rachel is convinced that Edith has more juice in hers.Rachel's response exemplifies which Piagetian stage of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor 
B)  concrete operational 
C)  preoperational 
D)  formal operational 
A)  sensorimotor 
B)  concrete operational 
C)  preoperational 
D)  formal operational

Question 15

What is the Piagetian term for the mental structures that the child uses as a basis for responding to either old or new experiences?

Accepted Answer

A)  schemes 
B)  assimilation 
C)  accommodation 
D)  cognitive equilibrium 
A)  schemes 
B)  assimilation 
C)  accommodation 
D)  cognitive equilibrium

Question 16

Which statement best summarizes Meltzoff's research on deferred imitation?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is present to some degree as early as 4 to 5 months. 
B)  It is present to some degree at 9 to 14 months. 
C)  It is not present until 18 to 24 months. 
D)  It is not present until 30 to 36 months. 
A)  It is present to some degree as early as 4 to 5 months. 
B)  It is present to some degree at 9 to 14 months. 
C)  It is not present until 18 to 24 months. 
D)  It is not present until 30 to 36 months.

Question 17

René sees a cow (an animal he has not seen before)and calls out,"Doggie!" Which Piagetian process does René's reaction demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism 
B)  assimilation 
C)  accommodation 
D)  organization 
A)  egocentrism 
B)  assimilation 
C)  accommodation 
D)  organization

Question 18

Describe two major criticisms of Vygotsky's sociocultural perspective.

Accepted Answer

Two major criticisms of Vygotsky's socio

Question 19

According to Piaget,between what ages does the preoperational stage of development occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  birth to age 2 
B)  age 2 to age 7 
C)  age 7 to age 11 
D)  age 11 to adulthood 
A)  birth to age 2 
B)  age 2 to age 7 
C)  age 7 to age 11 
D)  age 11 to adulthood

Question 20

According to Piaget,which period of development occurs from the age of 7 through to age 11?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor 
B)  concrete operational 
C)  preoperational 
D)  formal operational 
A)  sensorimotor 
B)  concrete operational 
C)  preoperational 
D)  formal operational

According to Piaget,what is the hallmark of thinking during the preoperational stage of development?

Bjorklund has conjectured that the average 3-year-old has more in common with a 21-year-old adult than with a 12-month-old infant.What aspect of Piagetian thought led him to make this statement?

According to Piaget,what is the neonate's main sensorimotor activity?

Contrast Piaget's and Vygotsky's views on the role of language in cognitive development.

Which behaviour related to mental states emerges earliest in infancy?

According to Vygotsky,what does the term scaffolding refer to?

Outline four research findings that lend support to Vygotsky's views regarding private speech.

According to Vygotsky,what does the term zone of proximal development refer to?

Juan lifts the cover of a box to retrieve the toy his father has just placed there.According to Piaget,what cognitive process allows Juan to achieve his goal?

Mrs.Weston asks Colin if he wants his sandwich whole or cut into two pieces.Colin asks her to keep it in one piece because he isn't hungry enough to eat two pieces.How would Piaget explain Colin's request?

List four deficits that are evident in preconceptual reasoning and provide examples that illustrate each of these deficits.

Which statement best characterizes thought during the preoperational period?

What is one criticism that has been raised concerning Piaget's theory?

What is the Piagetian term for the mental structures that the child uses as a basis for responding to either old or new experiences?

Which statement best summarizes Meltzoff's research on deferred imitation?

René sees a cow (an animal he has not seen before)and calls out,"Doggie!" Which Piagetian process does René's reaction demonstrate?

Describe two major criticisms of Vygotsky's sociocultural perspective.

According to Piaget,between what ages does the preoperational stage of development occur?

According to Piaget,which period of development occurs from the age of 7 through to age 11?

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Theories of Human Development

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborns Readiness for Life

Physical Development

Early Cognitive Foundations

Cognitive Development

Intelligence

Development of Language and Communication Skills

Emotional Development,temperament,and Attachment

Development of the Self and Social Cognition

Sex Differences and Similarities,gender-Role Development,and Sexual Behavior

Moral Development,altruism,and Aggression

The Family

Extrafamilial Influences

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Exam 8: Cognitive Development

According to Piaget,what is the hallmark of thinking during the preoperational stage of development?

Bjorklund has conjectured that the average 3-year-old has more in common with a 21-year-old adult than with a 12-month-old infant.What aspect of Piagetian thought led him to make this statement?

According to Piaget,what is the neonate's main sensorimotor activity?

Contrast Piaget's and Vygotsky's views on the role of language in cognitive development.

Which behaviour related to mental states emerges earliest in infancy?

According to Vygotsky,what does the term scaffolding refer to?

Outline four research findings that lend support to Vygotsky's views regarding private speech.

According to Vygotsky,what does the term zone of proximal development refer to?

Juan lifts the cover of a box to retrieve the toy his father has just placed there.According to Piaget,what cognitive process allows Juan to achieve his goal?

Mrs.Weston asks Colin if he wants his sandwich whole or cut into two pieces.Colin asks her to keep it in one piece because he isn't hungry enough to eat two pieces.How would Piaget explain Colin's request?

List four deficits that are evident in preconceptual reasoning and provide examples that illustrate each of these deficits.

Which statement best characterizes thought during the preoperational period?

What is one criticism that has been raised concerning Piaget's theory?

What is the Piagetian term for the mental structures that the child uses as a basis for responding to either old or new experiences?

Which statement best summarizes Meltzoff's research on deferred imitation?

René sees a cow (an animal he has not seen before)and calls out,"Doggie!" Which Piagetian process does René's reaction demonstrate?

Describe two major criticisms of Vygotsky's sociocultural perspective.

According to Piaget,between what ages does the preoperational stage of development occur?

According to Piaget,which period of development occurs from the age of 7 through to age 11?

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Theories of Human Development

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborns Readiness for Life

Physical Development

Early Cognitive Foundations

Cognitive Development

Intelligence

Development of Language and Communication Skills

Emotional Development,temperament,and Attachment

Development of the Self and Social Cognition

Sex Differences and Similarities,gender-Role Development,and Sexual Behavior

Moral Development,altruism,and Aggression

The Family

Extrafamilial Influences

Filters