Exam 4: Bacteria and Archaea

Two structures that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces are ______ and ______.

Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial ______.

Which of the following bacterial structures is incorrectly matched with a function?

A nutrient binds to receptors near the flagellar basal body. This will result in _______.

Endospores of certain bacterial species can enter tissues in the human body, germinate, and cause an infectious disease.

Alcohol-based hand sanitizers specifically target lipids, making them most effective when trying to eliminate ______.

A bacterial cell wall that has primarily peptidoglycan with small amounts of teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid is ______.

Hot carbol fuchsin is the primary dye in the acid-fast stain.

You apply the acid-fast stain method to a patient's specimen, an aspirate from the lungs. Microscopic examination reveals a large number of bright pink-red bacillus-shaped bacteria in the Smear. Which statement is true?

Researchers studying the rigidity and fexibility of the cell envelope used chemotaxis to measure the ability of microbes to squeeze through tight spaces. E. coli, a gram-negative bacterium, was able to traverse narrower channels than B. subtilis, a gram-positive microbe, even though both cells are the same size when grown without restriction. E. coli has the more fexible cell envelope because _______.

Mycobacterium and Nocardia are different from most gram-positive bacteria in that their cell walls _______.

You have made a smear of a bacterial culture and have performed the Gram stain on it. Looking at the organism under the microscope, you notice that the cells do not seem to be the dark blue- Purple of a gram-positive reaction, but instead are light purple. Your staining procedure was Performed correctly. What is your best explanation as to why the bacteria have stained this way?

Which of the following is not a phenotypic trait of bacteria?

A bacterial genus that has waxy mycolic acid in the cell walls is ______.