Question 1

Describe the relationship between sympathy and emotion regulation.

Accepted Answer

The relationship between sympathy and emotion regulation is complex and multifaceted. Sympathy refers to the ability to understand and share the feelings of others, particularly feelings of distress or suffering. Emotion regulation, on the other hand, involves the ability to manage and control one's own emotions in order to adapt to different situations and effectively interact with others.

One way in which sympathy and emotion regulation are related is that individuals who are more empathetic and sympathetic towards others may be more motivated to regulate their own emotions in order to provide support and comfort to those in need. This can involve using strategies such as perspective-taking, cognitive reappraisal, and mindfulness to manage their own emotional responses in order to be more effective in providing support to others.

Additionally, emotion regulation can also influence the experience of sympathy. For example, individuals who are better able to regulate their own emotions may be more capable of maintaining a compassionate and empathetic response when faced with the suffering of others, rather than becoming overwhelmed or distressed themselves.

Overall, the relationship between sympathy and emotion regulation is one of mutual influence, with each concept impacting and shaping the other in the context of social interactions and emotional experiences.

Question 2

Kohlberg believed that sex­role development goes through which of the following series of stages:

Accepted Answer

A) sex­role identity, sex­role stability, sex­role constancy. 
B) sex­role stability, sex­role constancy, sex­role identity. 
C) sex­role constancy, sex­role identity, sex­role stability. 
D) sex­role identity, sex­role constancy, sex­role stability. 
A) sex­role identity, sex­role stability, sex­role constancy. 
B) sex­role stability, sex­role constancy, sex­role identity. 
C) sex­role constancy, sex­role identity, sex­role stability. 
D) sex­role identity, sex­role constancy, sex­role stability. A

Question 3

Social­dominance hierarchies among humans:

Accepted Answer

A) can be a means of controlling aggression. 
B) take the place of internalized social rules. 
C) have not been observed in nursery schools. 
D) can be considered analogous to street gangs. 
A) can be a means of controlling aggression. 
B) take the place of internalized social rules. 
C) have not been observed in nursery schools. 
D) can be considered analogous to street gangs. A

Question 4

Researchers interested in "affiliative behaviors" among young children explore the ways that children:

Accepted Answer

A) seek assistance from adults and older children. 
B) seek and establish friendly contact with peers. 
C) establish social hierarchies. 
D) engage in conflict resolution. 
A) seek assistance from adults and older children. 
B) seek and establish friendly contact with peers. 
C) establish social hierarchies. 
D) engage in conflict resolution.

Question 5

Socioemotional competence is:

Accepted Answer

A) related to being liked by peers and teachers. 
B) not taught in experimental social programs. 
C) difficult to assess. 
D) related to temperamental characteristics. 
A) related to being liked by peers and teachers. 
B) not taught in experimental social programs. 
C) difficult to assess. 
D) related to temperamental characteristics.

Question 6

Which of the following findings presents a challenge to Kohlberg's account of sex role identity development?

Accepted Answer

A) Young children learn about their own sex before they learn about the sex of others. 
B) Young children may believe that both boys and girls can grow up to be mommies. 
C) Young children imitate the behavior of same­sex models before they are able to identify their own sex. 
D) Young children may think that they can change their sex by growing or cutting their hair. 
A) Young children learn about their own sex before they learn about the sex of others. 
B) Young children may believe that both boys and girls can grow up to be mommies. 
C) Young children imitate the behavior of same­sex models before they are able to identify their own sex. 
D) Young children may think that they can change their sex by growing or cutting their hair.

Question 7

In Freudian terms, the mental structure present at birth that is the main source of psychological energy is called:

Accepted Answer

A) the ego. 
B) the superego. 
C) the id. 
D) repression. 
A) the ego. 
B) the superego. 
C) the id. 
D) repression.

Question 8

Vygotsky viewed internalization to be:

Accepted Answer

A) a response to an ongoing battle against parental authority. 
B) a process through which external social regulations are transferred to a child's internal psychological system. 
C) the examination of one's own mental processes. 
D) a tendency to be interested in one's own thoughts and feelings. 
A) a response to an ongoing battle against parental authority. 
B) a process through which external social regulations are transferred to a child's internal psychological system. 
C) the examination of one's own mental processes. 
D) a tendency to be interested in one's own thoughts and feelings.

Question 9

Mechanisms that limit aggression:

Accepted Answer

A) do not exist. 
B) must be taught. 
C) are limited to humans. 
D) are widespread among animal species. 
A) do not exist. 
B) must be taught. 
C) are limited to humans. 
D) are widespread among animal species.

Question 10

Gender schema theory is an explanation of how children's sexual identity develops that includes elements of:

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalysis and social­learning theory. 
B) psychoanalysis and cognitive­developmental theory. 
C) classical and operant conditioning and humanistic theory. 
D) social­learning theory and cognitive­developmental theory. 
A) psychoanalysis and social­learning theory. 
B) psychoanalysis and cognitive­developmental theory. 
C) classical and operant conditioning and humanistic theory. 
D) social­learning theory and cognitive­developmental theory.

Question 11

In the social­learning view of development, modeling and differential reinforcement are key processes in socialization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Personality and socialization are:

Accepted Answer

A) opposites. 
B) synonymous. 
C) interdependent concepts. 
D) two separate stages of personality development. 
A) opposites. 
B) synonymous. 
C) interdependent concepts. 
D) two separate stages of personality development.

Question 13

Carlos is fascinated by stories about princesses. He thinks that when he becomes a girl, he might be able to be a princess too. Carlos has yet to develop an understanding of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) gender identity 
B) gender stability 
C) gender schemas 
D) gender roles 
A) gender identity 
B) gender stability 
C) gender schemas 
D) gender roles

Question 14

Freud believed that children acquire their identity through:

Accepted Answer

A) differentiation and affiliation. 
B) observation. 
C) imitation. 
D) gender schemas. 
A) differentiation and affiliation. 
B) observation. 
C) imitation. 
D) gender schemas.

Question 15

Preschool­age children use all of the following strategies to regulate their emotions EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) closing their eyes and turning away. 
B) reinterpreting events. 
C) biofeedback strategies. 
D) encouraging themselves. 
A) closing their eyes and turning away. 
B) reinterpreting events. 
C) biofeedback strategies. 
D) encouraging themselves.

Question 16

Which of the following BEST describes the process of socialization?

Accepted Answer

A) Children develop a sense of self based on their exploration of the world around them; adults have little influence on what children learn. 
B) Children develop a sense of self based on their inborn temperaments; adults have little influence on what children learn. 
C) Adults transmit information about the values and knowledge of their society; children passively absorb these messages. 
D) Adults transmit information about the values and knowledge of their society; children interpret and select from these messages. 
A) Children develop a sense of self based on their exploration of the world around them; adults have little influence on what children learn. 
B) Children develop a sense of self based on their inborn temperaments; adults have little influence on what children learn. 
C) Adults transmit information about the values and knowledge of their society; children passively absorb these messages. 
D) Adults transmit information about the values and knowledge of their society; children interpret and select from these messages.

Question 17

The story of Tico, the bird who replaces the golden feathers he wished for with black feathers, teaches children the importance of:

Accepted Answer

A) self­concept. 
B) magical thinking. 
C) conforming to the expectations and conventions of the social group. 
D) moral rules, social conventions, and personal rules. 
A) self­concept. 
B) magical thinking. 
C) conforming to the expectations and conventions of the social group. 
D) moral rules, social conventions, and personal rules.

Question 18

At dinner, Penny talks with her mouth full of food and reaches across the table to grab the salt. These are examples of her inattention to:

Accepted Answer

A) moral rules. 
B) social conventions. 
C) personal rules. 
D) display rules. 
A) moral rules. 
B) social conventions. 
C) personal rules. 
D) display rules.

Question 19

Which of the following results is revealed by research on children's knowledge of gender stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A) Children who spend time in contexts in which gender is emphasized are likely to demonstrate rigid gender stereotypes. 
B) Children who spend time in gender neutral contexts demonstrate high levels of gender stereotyping. 
C) Children tend to be more knowledgeable about female stereotypes than male stereotypes. 
D) Boys are more likely than girls to be familiar with both male and female stereotypes. 
A) Children who spend time in contexts in which gender is emphasized are likely to demonstrate rigid gender stereotypes. 
B) Children who spend time in gender neutral contexts demonstrate high levels of gender stereotyping. 
C) Children tend to be more knowledgeable about female stereotypes than male stereotypes. 
D) Boys are more likely than girls to be familiar with both male and female stereotypes.

Question 20

Discuss the social domain view of moral development. How does this view differ from the cognitive developmental and psychodynamic views of moral development?

Accepted Answer

The social domain view of moral developm

Describe the relationship between sympathy and emotion regulation.

Kohlberg believed that sexrole development goes through which of the following series of stages:

Socialdominance hierarchies among humans:

Researchers interested in "affiliative behaviors" among young children explore the ways that children:

Socioemotional competence is:

Which of the following findings presents a challenge to Kohlberg's account of sex role identity development?

In Freudian terms, the mental structure present at birth that is the main source of psychological energy is called:

Vygotsky viewed internalization to be:

Mechanisms that limit aggression:

Gender schema theory is an explanation of how children's sexual identity develops that includes elements of:

In the sociallearning view of development, modeling and differential reinforcement are key processes in socialization.

Personality and socialization are:

Carlos is fascinated by stories about princesses. He thinks that when he becomes a girl, he might be able to be a princess too. Carlos has yet to develop an understanding of ____________.

Freud believed that children acquire their identity through:

Preschoolage children use all of the following strategies to regulate their emotions EXCEPT:

Which of the following BEST describes the process of socialization?

The story of Tico, the bird who replaces the golden feathers he wished for with black feathers, teaches children the importance of:

At dinner, Penny talks with her mouth full of food and reaches across the table to grab the salt. These are examples of her inattention to:

Which of the following results is revealed by research on children's knowledge of gender stereotypes?

Discuss the social domain view of moral development. How does this view differ from the cognitive developmental and psychodynamic views of moral development?

The Study of Human Development

Biocultural Foundations

Prenatal Development and Birth

The First Three Months

Physical and Cognitive Development in the First Two Years

Emotional and Social Development During Infancy

Language Acquisition

Physical and Cognitive Development of Early Childhood

Contexts of Development

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

School As a Context for Development

Social and Emotional Developments in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Social and Emotional Development During Adolescence

Filters

Exam 9: Social and Emotional Development in Early Childhood

Describe the relationship between sympathy and emotion regulation.

Kohlberg believed that sex­role development goes through which of the following series of stages:

Social­dominance hierarchies among humans:

Researchers interested in "affiliative behaviors" among young children explore the ways that children:

Socioemotional competence is:

Which of the following findings presents a challenge to Kohlberg's account of sex role identity development?

In Freudian terms, the mental structure present at birth that is the main source of psychological energy is called:

Vygotsky viewed internalization to be:

Mechanisms that limit aggression:

Gender schema theory is an explanation of how children's sexual identity develops that includes elements of:

In the social­learning view of development, modeling and differential reinforcement are key processes in socialization.

Personality and socialization are:

Carlos is fascinated by stories about princesses. He thinks that when he becomes a girl, he might be able to be a princess too. Carlos has yet to develop an understanding of ____________.

Freud believed that children acquire their identity through:

Preschool­age children use all of the following strategies to regulate their emotions EXCEPT:

Which of the following BEST describes the process of socialization?

The story of Tico, the bird who replaces the golden feathers he wished for with black feathers, teaches children the importance of:

At dinner, Penny talks with her mouth full of food and reaches across the table to grab the salt. These are examples of her inattention to:

Which of the following results is revealed by research on children's knowledge of gender stereotypes?

Discuss the social domain view of moral development. How does this view differ from the cognitive developmental and psychodynamic views of moral development?

The Study of Human Development

Biocultural Foundations

Prenatal Development and Birth

The First Three Months

Physical and Cognitive Development in the First Two Years

Emotional and Social Development During Infancy

Language Acquisition

Physical and Cognitive Development of Early Childhood

Contexts of Development

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

School As a Context for Development

Social and Emotional Developments in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Social and Emotional Development During Adolescence

Filters

Kohlberg believed that sexrole development goes through which of the following series of stages:

Socialdominance hierarchies among humans:

In the sociallearning view of development, modeling and differential reinforcement are key processes in socialization.

Preschoolage children use all of the following strategies to regulate their emotions EXCEPT: