Exam 6: Emotional and Social Development During Infancy

According to Bowlby, infants achieve a firm, reciprocal emotional relationship with caregivers, and this relationship helps the infant cope with increasing frequent and lengthy separations. Because of infants' growing symbolic capacities, parent­child attachments begin to serve as ____________ that can guide their interactions with caregivers and others.

Across the globe, children whose parents are controlling are MORE likely to develop insecure attachments than children with MORE sensitive parents.

According to Bowlby's attachment theory, the mother serves as a:

At present, the most comprehensive study by the U.S. government on the effects of daycare has found a slight negative relationship between the hours young children spend in day care and:

According to Harriet Oster, pouting is ____________.

Ainsworth and Bell found that infants who later behaved as though they were securely attached had mothers who had been rated during early infancy as more:

Harlow's studies of attachment in monkeys support which ideas about attachment?

Marcella covers her eyes with her hands when the wicked witch appears on her television screen. What type of behavior is Marcella engaging in?

An infant's first smiles:

Differential emotions theory explains that new emotions ____________.

Explain why out­of­home care is a reality in our society. What does research suggest about possible developmental outcomes associated with this type of care?

According to some investigators, a hazard of out­of­ home care for infants during the first year of life is:

Mary Ainsworth and her colleagues studied attachment in human infants using:

Children who spend any part of their life in an orphanage suffer negative developmental consequences, regardless of the environment in which they live after leaving the orphanage.

According to Tizard, leaving institutional care:

Describe the prevailing attachment patterns of children growing up in an Israeli kibbutz. Consider how variations in the kibbutz structure can influence patterns of attachment.

The distress that babies show when the person to whom they are attached leaves is called:

Which of the following is an example of a self­ conscious emotion?

Which of the following BEST characterizes the general order of early language development?

In the "strange situation," ____________ children tend to be upset, even in their mother's presence.