Exam 7: Behavioural Views of Learning

Ryan is on a baseball team with other 8-year-olds in a community league. On the first day of practice, Ryan's buddy hit the ball and threw his bat aside as he ran to first base. The coach reprimanded the player for throwing the bat and told him to sit on the bench for the rest of the practice. Ryan saw what happened to his buddy and determined that he would always drop the bat at his feet when he got a hit. How might Bandura describe Ryan's learning in this situation, and what label might he apply to Ryan's learning?

Learning is defined as a deliberate action that produces a positive result.

Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding the use of peer pressure in applying group consequences? Peer pressure

Mr. Saunders hates sending in his income tax forms each year and constantly worries that his return will be the "one" selected for auditing. Therefore, he completes the forms carefully and honestly in order to avoid a possible penalty, but he continues to worry about being audited. What reinforcement schedule is most likely to be involved?

Mr. Bennett's student teacher suggested using a token reinforcement strategy with his disruptive sixth-grade class. The token system was received well by students and soon the class was following the classroom rules. Now that this strategy is working well, the tokens should be distributed

A contingency contract is an example of a system for rewarding positive group consequences.

Yancey turns on the water faucet to get a drink. What schedule of reinforcement typically prevails?

Define "learning" and discuss how it differs from other forms of behaviour.

In an experiment, an electric can opener is used to open a can, and no salivation by the subject is detected. After a number of pairings between the can opener's operation and food, any time the can opener is used, the subject salivates. The conditioned response in this study is the

Mr. Lynch always uses his "mean" face to stop undesirable behaviour in his first-period class. However, even though he looks at Tommy with his mean face each time Tommy talks out of turn, Tommy is talking out of turn more and more frequently. For Tommy, the mean face is apparently a

The position taken by Woolfolk on token reinforcement systems is that they should be used primarily

When teachers take away privileges for students' inappropriate behaviour, they are applying ________ punishment.

In classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus must be

Skye got into a habit of watching TV and using social media to keep up with all of her friends before starting homework. She was embarrassed when she turned in an incomplete history paper and fell asleep during science class last week. She set a goal of doing her homework as soon as she gets home from school every day. What system is most likely to help her change her behaviour?

Bryson was three when his neighbour's house burned down. He heard the loud sirens and saw the fire and trembled with fear. Now he's starting preschool. He hears the loud bell ring and associates it with the fire and fire trucks and begins to tremble. In this setting, the sound of the bell is

Treena is a bright and personable girl in your sixth-grade class. A large part of your classroom activities involve class participation through questioning and recitation. Treena, however, never raises her hand and, when called on, "freezes" and often says nothing. You notice that she is social with friends. Her shyness seems restricted to speaking before a group. Discussion with her fifth-grade teacher indicates that the same behaviour took place last year. To help Treena become less inhibited about answering in class, you consider possible strategies or principles suggested by behavioural theories. Describe how each of the following approaches might be used in a behavioural plan designed to help her. -Contingency contract

Treena is a bright and personable girl in your sixth-grade class. A large part of your classroom activities involve class participation through questioning and recitation. Treena, however, never raises her hand and, when called on, "freezes" and often says nothing. You notice that she is social with friends. Her shyness seems restricted to speaking before a group. Discussion with her fifth-grade teacher indicates that the same behaviour took place last year. To help Treena become less inhibited about answering in class, you consider possible strategies or principles suggested by behavioural theories. Describe how each of the following approaches might be used in a behavioural plan designed to help her. -Token reinforcement

Losing time at recess for bad behaviour is best described by the behavioural method of social isolation.

Treena is a bright and personable girl in your sixth-grade class. A large part of your classroom activities involve class participation through questioning and recitation. Treena, however, never raises her hand and, when called on, "freezes" and often says nothing. You notice that she is social with friends. Her shyness seems restricted to speaking before a group. Discussion with her fifth-grade teacher indicates that the same behaviour took place last year. To help Treena become less inhibited about answering in class, you consider possible strategies or principles suggested by behavioural theories. Describe how each of the following approaches might be used in a behavioural plan designed to help her. -Positive reinforcement/negative reinforcement

List the basic types of reinforcement schedules and describe the performances that they are likely to produce. Include performance patterns, rates, and effects of persistence.