Question 1

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that the prolonged period of human children's immaturity is

Accepted Answer

A)  wasteful. 
B)  a result of the nested structure of human contexts. 
C)  caused by parents' reinforcement of children's immature behavior. 
D)  adaptive. 
A)  wasteful. 
B)  a result of the nested structure of human contexts. 
C)  caused by parents' reinforcement of children's immature behavior. 
D)  adaptive.

Question 2

Bronfenbrenner contributed to which of the following theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  the bioecological model 
B)  the theory of social cognition 
C)  the psychosexual perspective 
D)  behaviorism 
A)  the bioecological model 
B)  the theory of social cognition 
C)  the psychosexual perspective 
D)  behaviorism

Question 3

_____ is part of the mesosystem.

Accepted Answer

A)  Parents' contact with a child's soccer coach 
B)  Societal importance placed on athletic prowess of boys 
C)  A child's favorite TV show 
D)  A father's job as a truck driver 
A)  Parents' contact with a child's soccer coach 
B)  Societal importance placed on athletic prowess of boys 
C)  A child's favorite TV show 
D)  A father's job as a truck driver

Question 4

According to Freud, if a person's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage, the person may

Accepted Answer

A)  become fixated on the issues relevant to that stage. 
B)  experience an identity crisis. 
C)  make hostile attributions. 
D)  develop infantile amnesia. 
A)  become fixated on the issues relevant to that stage. 
B)  experience an identity crisis. 
C)  make hostile attributions. 
D)  develop infantile amnesia.

Question 5

Children's _____ lead them to choose certain environments over others.

Accepted Answer

A)  personal characteristics 
B)  temperament 
C)  biological distributions 
D)  genetic influences 
A)  personal characteristics 
B)  temperament 
C)  biological distributions 
D)  genetic influences

Question 6

According to Dodge's information-processing theory of social problem solving, aggressive children's primary problem is that they

Accepted Answer

A)  have a bias in their interpretations of others' behaviors. 
B)  expect aggressive behavior to be useful in getting along with others. 
C)  do not possess the ability to formulate socially acceptable goals. 
D)  have a poor capacity to generate strategies to achieve their goals. 
A)  have a bias in their interpretations of others' behaviors. 
B)  expect aggressive behavior to be useful in getting along with others. 
C)  do not possess the ability to formulate socially acceptable goals. 
D)  have a poor capacity to generate strategies to achieve their goals.

Question 7

In Freud's theory, the biologically based, instinctual drives that inspire behavior, thoughts, and feelings are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  motivational orientation. 
B)  psychic energy. 
C)  erogenous zones. 
D)  intuition. 
A)  motivational orientation. 
B)  psychic energy. 
C)  erogenous zones. 
D)  intuition.

Question 8

Bernard believes that his intelligence is fixed and that there is little he can do to change it. When Bernard encounters failure, he would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)  work persistently to solve the problem. 
B)  believe that his failure is due to a lack of effort. 
C)  believe he is still smart regardless of the failure. 
D)  feel helpless. 
A)  work persistently to solve the problem. 
B)  believe that his failure is due to a lack of effort. 
C)  believe he is still smart regardless of the failure. 
D)  feel helpless.

Question 9

According to Erikson, when parents support their toddlers' development of self-control without instigating a loss of self-esteem, toddlers will develop a sense of

Accepted Answer

A)  industry. 
B)  autonomy. 
C)  trust. 
D)  initiative. 
A)  industry. 
B)  autonomy. 
C)  trust. 
D)  initiative.

Question 10

Describe the phenomenon of imprinting.

Accepted Answer

Ethological approaches have frequently b

Question 11

Social-learning theory emphasizes the importance of _____ as a mechanism of development.

Accepted Answer

A)  imitation 
B)  punishment 
C)  contexts 
D)  reinforcement 
A)  imitation 
B)  punishment 
C)  contexts 
D)  reinforcement

Question 12

Parental-investment theory can be used to explain

Accepted Answer

A)  differences in rates of child abuse perpetrated against biological children versus stepchildren. 
B)  imprinting. 
C)  societal changes in views of women in the workforce. 
D)  hostile attributional biases. 
A)  differences in rates of child abuse perpetrated against biological children versus stepchildren. 
B)  imprinting. 
C)  societal changes in views of women in the workforce. 
D)  hostile attributional biases.

Question 13

Which statement about children's exposure to pornography is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most pornographic Web sites require adult verification. 
B)  The number of pornographic Web sites is very small, preventing children from having ready access. 
C)  Exposure to pornography is associated with tolerance of aggression toward women. 
D)  Exposure to pornography is associated with less tolerance of extramarital sex. 
A)  Most pornographic Web sites require adult verification. 
B)  The number of pornographic Web sites is very small, preventing children from having ready access. 
C)  Exposure to pornography is associated with tolerance of aggression toward women. 
D)  Exposure to pornography is associated with less tolerance of extramarital sex.

Question 14

An entity/helpless orientation refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  belief that intelligence can grow as a result of experience. 
B)  belief that intelligence is fixed. 
C)  tendency to attribute success and failure to enduring aspects of the self and to give up in the face of failure. 
D)  tendency to attribute success and failure to amount of effort expended and to persist in the face of failure. 
A)  belief that intelligence can grow as a result of experience. 
B)  belief that intelligence is fixed. 
C)  tendency to attribute success and failure to enduring aspects of the self and to give up in the face of failure. 
D)  tendency to attribute success and failure to amount of effort expended and to persist in the face of failure.

Question 15

If the superego, as theorized by Freud, could speak, which statement would it be MOST likely to say?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Let's consider our options." 
B)  "I want it NOW!" 
C)  "That's not the right thing to do." 
D)  "That's going to cause problems in the future." 
A)  "Let's consider our options." 
B)  "I want it NOW!" 
C)  "That's not the right thing to do." 
D)  "That's going to cause problems in the future."

Question 16

According to Freud, which personality structure develops into the individual's sense of self?

Accepted Answer

A)  the id 
B)  the superid 
C)  the ego 
D)  the superego 
A)  the id 
B)  the superid 
C)  the ego 
D)  the superego

Question 17

Which statement does NOT describe an effect of media violence on children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Media violence heightens viewers' psychological arousal. 
B)  Media violence increases viewers' emotional sensitivity to violence. 
C)  Media violence teaches new behaviors and inspires imitation. 
D)  Media violence increases accessibility of viewers' own aggressive thoughts and tendencies. 
A)  Media violence heightens viewers' psychological arousal. 
B)  Media violence increases viewers' emotional sensitivity to violence. 
C)  Media violence teaches new behaviors and inspires imitation. 
D)  Media violence increases accessibility of viewers' own aggressive thoughts and tendencies.

Question 18

The fourth stage in Freud's theory, which lasts from age 6 to age 12, is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  phallic stage. 
B)  oral stage. 
C)  genital stage. 
D)  latency period. 
A)  phallic stage. 
B)  oral stage. 
C)  genital stage. 
D)  latency period.

Question 19

Simone is 8 years old and enjoys spending her free time playing soccer. Her favorite subject in school is math. Which stage of development is she currently in, according to Freud?

Accepted Answer

A)  phallic stage 
B)  oral stage 
C)  genital stage 
D)  latency period 
A)  phallic stage 
B)  oral stage 
C)  genital stage 
D)  latency period

Question 20

According to Selman, young children's thinking about other people is

Accepted Answer

A)  surprisingly abstract. 
B)  less egocentric. 
C)  complex. 
D)  unrelated to their level of cognitive development. 
A)  surprisingly abstract. 
B)  less egocentric. 
C)  complex. 
D)  unrelated to their level of cognitive development.

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that the prolonged period of human children's immaturity is

Bronfenbrenner contributed to which of the following theories?

_____ is part of the mesosystem.

According to Freud, if a person's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage, the person may

Children's _____ lead them to choose certain environments over others.

According to Dodge's information-processing theory of social problem solving, aggressive children's primary problem is that they

In Freud's theory, the biologically based, instinctual drives that inspire behavior, thoughts, and feelings are referred to as

Bernard believes that his intelligence is fixed and that there is little he can do to change it. When Bernard encounters failure, he would be expected to

According to Erikson, when parents support their toddlers' development of self-control without instigating a loss of self-esteem, toddlers will develop a sense of

Describe the phenomenon of imprinting.

Social-learning theory emphasizes the importance of _____ as a mechanism of development.

Parental-investment theory can be used to explain

Which statement about children's exposure to pornography is TRUE?

An entity/helpless orientation refers to the

If the superego, as theorized by Freud, could speak, which statement would it be MOST likely to say?

According to Freud, which personality structure develops into the individual's sense of self?

Which statement does NOT describe an effect of media violence on children?

The fourth stage in Freud's theory, which lasts from age 6 to age 12, is called the

Simone is 8 years old and enjoys spending her free time playing soccer. Her favorite subject in school is math. Which stage of development is she currently in, according to Freud?

According to Selman, young children's thinking about other people is

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 9: Theories of Social Development

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that the prolonged period of human children's immaturity is

Bronfenbrenner contributed to which of the following theories?

_____ is part of the mesosystem.

According to Freud, if a person's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage, the person may

Children's _____ lead them to choose certain environments over others.

According to Dodge's information-processing theory of social problem solving, aggressive children's primary problem is that they

In Freud's theory, the biologically based, instinctual drives that inspire behavior, thoughts, and feelings are referred to as

Bernard believes that his intelligence is fixed and that there is little he can do to change it. When Bernard encounters failure, he would be expected to

According to Erikson, when parents support their toddlers' development of self-control without instigating a loss of self-esteem, toddlers will develop a sense of

Describe the phenomenon of imprinting.

Social-learning theory emphasizes the importance of _____ as a mechanism of development.

Parental-investment theory can be used to explain

Which statement about children's exposure to pornography is TRUE?

An entity/helpless orientation refers to the

If the superego, as theorized by Freud, could speak, which statement would it be MOST likely to say?

According to Freud, which personality structure develops into the individual's sense of self?

Which statement does NOT describe an effect of media violence on children?

The fourth stage in Freud's theory, which lasts from age 6 to age 12, is called the

Simone is 8 years old and enjoys spending her free time playing soccer. Her favorite subject in school is math. Which stage of development is she currently in, according to Freud?

According to Selman, young children's thinking about other people is

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters