Question 1

Which statement provides an example of reciprocal determinism?

Accepted Answer

A)  A child becomes fearful of snakes after being bitten by one. 
B)  A child who tends to treat others with kindness influences her peers' behavior, which in turn influences the child. 
C)  A child with poor academic self-efficacy is more likely than other children to withdraw from school work. 
D)  A child continues to throw temper tantrums because he gets what he wants as a result. 
A)  A child becomes fearful of snakes after being bitten by one. 
B)  A child who tends to treat others with kindness influences her peers' behavior, which in turn influences the child. 
C)  A child with poor academic self-efficacy is more likely than other children to withdraw from school work. 
D)  A child continues to throw temper tantrums because he gets what he wants as a result.

Question 2

If the id, as theorized by Freud, could speak, which statement would it be MOST likely to say?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Let's consider our options." 
B)  "I want it NOW!" 
C)  "That's not the right thing to do." 
D)  "That's going to cause problems in the future." 
A)  "Let's consider our options." 
B)  "I want it NOW!" 
C)  "That's not the right thing to do." 
D)  "That's going to cause problems in the future."

Question 3

_____ is an example of the way in which children play an active role in their own development.

Accepted Answer

A)  Reciprocal determinism 
B)  Behavior modification 
C)  Operant conditioning 
D)  Systematic desensitization 
A)  Reciprocal determinism 
B)  Behavior modification 
C)  Operant conditioning 
D)  Systematic desensitization

Question 4

On the topic of continuous versus discontinuous development, learning theories

Accepted Answer

A)  propose that development is continuous. 
B)  propose that development is discontinuous. 
C)  propose that development is continuous within the major stages of development. 
D)  do not address the issue of continuity and discontinuity. 
A)  propose that development is continuous. 
B)  propose that development is discontinuous. 
C)  propose that development is continuous within the major stages of development. 
D)  do not address the issue of continuity and discontinuity.

Question 5

Evolutionary psychologists posit that parents spend the great deal of time and resources that they do in raising their children because their

Accepted Answer

A)  genes will be perpetuated only if their children survive long enough to reproduce. 
B)  have been socialized to do so by imitating their own parents. 
C)  children's affection and attention serve as positive reinforcements. 
D)  children are imprinted on them. 
A)  genes will be perpetuated only if their children survive long enough to reproduce. 
B)  have been socialized to do so by imitating their own parents. 
C)  children's affection and attention serve as positive reinforcements. 
D)  children are imprinted on them.

Question 6

The goal of the ego is to

Accepted Answer

A)  balance the demands of the id with the external world. 
B)  maximize the individual's pleasure. 
C)  control the individual's behavior on the basis of moral beliefs. 
D)  seek security for the individual. 
A)  balance the demands of the id with the external world. 
B)  maximize the individual's pleasure. 
C)  control the individual's behavior on the basis of moral beliefs. 
D)  seek security for the individual.

Question 7

The central issue in Erikson's first stage is

Accepted Answer

A)  developing high standards. 
B)  achieving a sense of autonomy. 
C)  developing a sense of trust. 
D)  mastering skills important to the culture. 
A)  developing high standards. 
B)  achieving a sense of autonomy. 
C)  developing a sense of trust. 
D)  mastering skills important to the culture.

Question 8

Rhonda believes that her intelligence can grow with experience. When Rhonda encounters failure, she would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)  work persistently to solve the problem. 
B)  believe that her failure is due to a lack of ability. 
C)  believe she is dumb. 
D)  feel helpless. 
A)  work persistently to solve the problem. 
B)  believe that her failure is due to a lack of ability. 
C)  believe she is dumb. 
D)  feel helpless.

Question 9

Ecological theories of development stress the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  self-socialization. 
B)  reinforcement and imitation. 
C)  the stages children progress through as they develop. 
D)  children as a part of the larger species. 
A)  self-socialization. 
B)  reinforcement and imitation. 
C)  the stages children progress through as they develop. 
D)  children as a part of the larger species.

Question 10

On the issue of continuous versus discontinuous development, theories of social cognition

Accepted Answer

A)  view development as continuous. 
B)  view development as discontinuous. 
C)  vary as to whether they view development as continuous or discontinuous. 
D)  see the issue of continuity versus discontinuity as irrelevant. 
A)  view development as continuous. 
B)  view development as discontinuous. 
C)  vary as to whether they view development as continuous or discontinuous. 
D)  see the issue of continuity versus discontinuity as irrelevant.

Question 11

Traditional learning theorists emphasize the importance of _____ on children's development.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive factors 
B)  internal forces 
C)  subjective experience 
D)  external factors 
A)  cognitive factors 
B)  internal forces 
C)  subjective experience 
D)  external factors

Question 12

Compare and contrast Freud's and Erikson's perspective on what happens if a child's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage or if an individual does not successfully resolve the conflict of a particular stage.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, if fundamental needs

Question 13

Which statement about Selman's stage theory of role taking is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Before adolescence, children are unable to acknowledge the existence of perspectives different from their own. 
B)  Children's progress through the stages is strongly related to their progress through Piaget's stages. 
C)  Although the theory describes stages, Selman believed that most individuals progress through these changes in a simultaneous fashion. 
D)  By approximately age 10, children can assess whether another person's view is typical of most people in their social group. 
A)  Before adolescence, children are unable to acknowledge the existence of perspectives different from their own. 
B)  Children's progress through the stages is strongly related to their progress through Piaget's stages. 
C)  Although the theory describes stages, Selman believed that most individuals progress through these changes in a simultaneous fashion. 
D)  By approximately age 10, children can assess whether another person's view is typical of most people in their social group.

Question 14

Which statement about intermittent reinforcement is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intermittent reinforcement is effective only with adults. 
B)  Behaviors supported by intermittent reinforcement are difficult to extinguish. 
C)  Intermittent reinforcement is the key to behavior modification. 
D)  The discipline strategy of "time-outs" is based on intermittent reinforcement. 
A)  Intermittent reinforcement is effective only with adults. 
B)  Behaviors supported by intermittent reinforcement are difficult to extinguish. 
C)  Intermittent reinforcement is the key to behavior modification. 
D)  The discipline strategy of "time-outs" is based on intermittent reinforcement.

Question 15

Parental-investment theory explains the higher rate of murder committed by stepfathers against stepchildren than of murder committed by fathers against biological children in terms of the difference in

Accepted Answer

A)  time spent with the children. 
B)  genetic similarity. 
C)  attachment. 
D)  societal endorsement. 
A)  time spent with the children. 
B)  genetic similarity. 
C)  attachment. 
D)  societal endorsement.

Question 16

Playing video games would be located in the _____ bioecological level.

Accepted Answer

A)  exosystem 
B)  macrosystem 
C)  microsystem 
D)  mesosystem 
A)  exosystem 
B)  macrosystem 
C)  microsystem 
D)  mesosystem

Question 17

Describe the principles of intermittent reinforcement and behavior modification.

Accepted Answer

Intermittent reinforcement is based on a

Question 18

The scientific study of evolutionary bases of behavior is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  ethology 
B)  the entity theory 
C)  the social learning theory 
D)  information-processing 
A)  ethology 
B)  the entity theory 
C)  the social learning theory 
D)  information-processing

Question 19

According to Freud's theory, infants fear

Accepted Answer

A)  delay of gratification. 
B)  loss of love. 
C)  potty training. 
D)  hunger. 
A)  delay of gratification. 
B)  loss of love. 
C)  potty training. 
D)  hunger.

Question 20

According to Freud, in every stage, children

Accepted Answer

A)  must channel their psychic energy outside of their body. 
B)  face conflicts related to a particular erogenous zone. 
C)  constrain the id with the superego. 
D)  do all of these. 
A)  must channel their psychic energy outside of their body. 
B)  face conflicts related to a particular erogenous zone. 
C)  constrain the id with the superego. 
D)  do all of these.

Which statement provides an example of reciprocal determinism?

If the id, as theorized by Freud, could speak, which statement would it be MOST likely to say?

_____ is an example of the way in which children play an active role in their own development.

On the topic of continuous versus discontinuous development, learning theories

Evolutionary psychologists posit that parents spend the great deal of time and resources that they do in raising their children because their

The goal of the ego is to

The central issue in Erikson's first stage is

Rhonda believes that her intelligence can grow with experience. When Rhonda encounters failure, she would be expected to

Ecological theories of development stress the importance of

On the issue of continuous versus discontinuous development, theories of social cognition

Traditional learning theorists emphasize the importance of _____ on children's development.

Compare and contrast Freud's and Erikson's perspective on what happens if a child's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage or if an individual does not successfully resolve the conflict of a particular stage.

Which statement about Selman's stage theory of role taking is TRUE?

Which statement about intermittent reinforcement is TRUE?

Parental-investment theory explains the higher rate of murder committed by stepfathers against stepchildren than of murder committed by fathers against biological children in terms of the difference in

Playing video games would be located in the _____ bioecological level.

Describe the principles of intermittent reinforcement and behavior modification.

The scientific study of evolutionary bases of behavior is known as

According to Freud's theory, infants fear

According to Freud, in every stage, children

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 9: Theories of Social Development

Which statement provides an example of reciprocal determinism?

If the id, as theorized by Freud, could speak, which statement would it be MOST likely to say?

_____ is an example of the way in which children play an active role in their own development.

On the topic of continuous versus discontinuous development, learning theories

Evolutionary psychologists posit that parents spend the great deal of time and resources that they do in raising their children because their

The goal of the ego is to

The central issue in Erikson's first stage is

Rhonda believes that her intelligence can grow with experience. When Rhonda encounters failure, she would be expected to

Ecological theories of development stress the importance of

On the issue of continuous versus discontinuous development, theories of social cognition

Traditional learning theorists emphasize the importance of _____ on children's development.

Compare and contrast Freud's and Erikson's perspective on what happens if a child's fundamental needs are not met during a particular stage or if an individual does not successfully resolve the conflict of a particular stage.

Which statement about Selman's stage theory of role taking is TRUE?

Which statement about intermittent reinforcement is TRUE?

Parental-investment theory explains the higher rate of murder committed by stepfathers against stepchildren than of murder committed by fathers against biological children in terms of the difference in

Playing video games would be located in the _____ bioecological level.

Describe the principles of intermittent reinforcement and behavior modification.

The scientific study of evolutionary bases of behavior is known as

According to Freud's theory, infants fear

According to Freud, in every stage, children

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters