Question 1

Describe the basic distinction between probability sampling and nonprobability and explain why most psychology research uses nonprobability methods.

Accepted Answer

​Probability sampling requires that you know all the individuals in the population (you can make a list)and can assign a probability to each individual.Most psychology research concerns populations such as preschool children or adolescents,and it is impossible to know all of the individuals in these populations.On the other hand,nonprobability sampling does not require advance knowledge of the entire population.This is a much more realistic situation for most psychology research.

Question 2

Dr.Cummings conducts an experiment on memory using participants above the age of 65.All people above the age of 65 would make up the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​sample 
B) ​census 
C) population 
D) ​subgroup 
A) ​sample 
B) ​census 
C) population 
D) ​subgroup C

Question 3

What kind of sampling technique requires that you can get a list of all the individuals in the population?

Accepted Answer

A) ​quota 
B) ​convenience 
C) probability 
D) ​nonprobability 
A) ​quota 
B) ​convenience 
C) probability 
D) ​nonprobability C

Question 4

Although a research question usually concerns the ____,the actual research participants are selected from the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​target population; accessible population 
B) ​accessible population; target population 
C) target population; sample 
D) ​accessible population; sample 
A) ​target population; accessible population 
B) ​accessible population; target population 
C) target population; sample 
D) ​accessible population; sample

Question 5

Using a simple random sample eliminates bias from the selection process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The primary advantage of a stratified random sample is that it ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​ensures that group sizes will be adequate for statistical analysis 
B) ​provides a sample that is guaranteed to be representative of the population 
C) ensures that no single group is over-represented in the sample 
D) ​does not require pre-existing knowledge about the population 
A) ​ensures that group sizes will be adequate for statistical analysis 
B) ​provides a sample that is guaranteed to be representative of the population 
C) ensures that no single group is over-represented in the sample 
D) ​does not require pre-existing knowledge about the population

Question 7

Although proportionate stratified sampling involves selecting individuals from predetermined subgroups of the population,it does not guarantee that each subgroup in the sample will have a large number of individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The most commonly used sampling methods in psychology are nonprobability sampling methods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

For situations in which the researcher cannot know the complete list of potential participants,what kind is sampling is necessary?

Accepted Answer

A) ​quota 
B) ​non-quota 
C) probability 
D) ​nonprobability 
A) ​quota 
B) ​non-quota 
C) probability 
D) ​nonprobability

Question 10

A researcher wants to obtain a sample of 30 preschool children consisting of 10 two-year-old children,10 three-year-old,and 10 four-year-old children.Assuming that the children are obtained from local daycare centers,this researcher should use ____ sampling.

Accepted Answer

A) ​cluster 
B) ​quota 
C) simple random 
D) ​stratified random 
A) ​cluster 
B) ​quota 
C) simple random 
D) ​stratified random

Question 11

A professor teaching an introductory psychology class of 200 obtains a sample of 25 students by selecting every eighth name from the class list.The professor is using ____ sampling.

Accepted Answer

A) ​simple random 
B) ​convenience 
C) proportionate stratified random 
D) ​systematic 
A) ​simple random 
B) ​convenience 
C) proportionate stratified random 
D) ​systematic

Question 12

The workers in a factory are organized into five-person teams.When conducting a work-environment survey,a researcher randomly selected 10 teams to obtain a total sample of 50 workers.The researcher used ____ sampling.

Accepted Answer

A) ​simple random 
B) ​stratified random 
C) proportionate stratified random 
D) ​cluster 
A) ​simple random 
B) ​stratified random 
C) proportionate stratified random 
D) ​cluster

Question 13

How does convenience sampling compare to probability sampling?

Accepted Answer

A) ​Convenience sampling is a more complex process. 
B) ​Convenience sampling is a faster process. 
C) Convenience sampling is more expensive. 
D) ​Convenience sampling minimizes the risk of bias. 
A) ​Convenience sampling is a more complex process. 
B) ​Convenience sampling is a faster process. 
C) Convenience sampling is more expensive. 
D) ​Convenience sampling minimizes the risk of bias.

Question 14

When a sample has the same characteristics as the target population,the sample is said to be a(n)____ sample.

Accepted Answer

A) ​representative 
B) ​biased 
C) target 
D) ​accessible 
A) ​representative 
B) ​biased 
C) target 
D) ​accessible

Question 15

A researcher recruits a sample of 25 preschool children for a research study by posting an announcement in a local daycare center describing the study and offering a $10 payment for participation.What kind of sampling is the researcher using?

Accepted Answer

A) ​cluster sampling 
B) ​quota sampling 
C) simple random sampling 
D) ​convenience sampling 
A) ​cluster sampling 
B) ​quota sampling 
C) simple random sampling 
D) ​convenience sampling

Question 16

The major advantage of a simple random sample is that it ensures that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​there will be enough participants in each subset to be able to make statistical decisions 
B) ​no single group is over-represented in the sample 
C) the sample will provide an accurate representation of the population 
D) ​the selection procedure is unbiased although its outcome may be biased 
A) ​there will be enough participants in each subset to be able to make statistical decisions 
B) ​no single group is over-represented in the sample 
C) the sample will provide an accurate representation of the population 
D) ​the selection procedure is unbiased although its outcome may be biased

Question 17

If you cannot list all the individuals in the population,then you cannot take a simple random sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Explain how quota sampling can be used to simulate stratified random sampling or proportionate stratified random sampling in situations where the entire population is not known.​

Accepted Answer

​Quota sampling can simulate stratified

Question 19

The accessible population is a subset of the target population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The group of individuals from which researchers actually select participants for research studies is called the ____ population.

Accepted Answer

A) ​accessible 
B) ​target 
C) representative 
D) ​real 
A) ​accessible 
B) ​target 
C) representative 
D) ​real

Describe the basic distinction between probability sampling and nonprobability and explain why most psychology research uses nonprobability methods.

Dr.Cummings conducts an experiment on memory using participants above the age of 65.All people above the age of 65 would make up the ____.

What kind of sampling technique requires that you can get a list of all the individuals in the population?

Although a research question usually concerns the ,the actual research participants are selected from the .

Using a simple random sample eliminates bias from the selection process.

The primary advantage of a stratified random sample is that it ____.

Although proportionate stratified sampling involves selecting individuals from predetermined subgroups of the population,it does not guarantee that each subgroup in the sample will have a large number of individuals.

The most commonly used sampling methods in psychology are nonprobability sampling methods.

For situations in which the researcher cannot know the complete list of potential participants,what kind is sampling is necessary?

A researcher wants to obtain a sample of 30 preschool children consisting of 10 two-year-old children,10 three-year-old,and 10 four-year-old children.Assuming that the children are obtained from local daycare centers,this researcher should use ____ sampling.

A professor teaching an introductory psychology class of 200 obtains a sample of 25 students by selecting every eighth name from the class list.The professor is using ____ sampling.

The workers in a factory are organized into five-person teams.When conducting a work-environment survey,a researcher randomly selected 10 teams to obtain a total sample of 50 workers.The researcher used ____ sampling.

How does convenience sampling compare to probability sampling?

When a sample has the same characteristics as the target population,the sample is said to be a(n)____ sample.

A researcher recruits a sample of 25 preschool children for a research study by posting an announcement in a local daycare center describing the study and offering a $10 payment for participation.What kind of sampling is the researcher using?

The major advantage of a simple random sample is that it ensures that ____.

If you cannot list all the individuals in the population,then you cannot take a simple random sample.

Explain how quota sampling can be used to simulate stratified random sampling or proportionate stratified random sampling in situations where the entire population is not known.

The accessible population is a subset of the target population.

The group of individuals from which researchers actually select participants for research studies is called the ____ population.

Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method.

Research Ideas and Hypotheses.

Defining and Measuring Variables.

Ethics in Research.

Research Strategies and Validity.

The Experimental Research Strategy.

Experimental Designs: Between Subjects Design.

Experimental Designs Within Subjects Design.

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group,Pre–Post,and Developmental Designs.

Factorial Designs.

The Correlational Research Strategy.

The Descriptive Research Strategy.

Single-Subject Research Designs.

Statistical Evaluation of Data.

Writing an APA-Style Research Report.

Filters

Exam 5: Selecting Research Participants.

Describe the basic distinction between probability sampling and nonprobability and explain why most psychology research uses nonprobability methods.

Dr.Cummings conducts an experiment on memory using participants above the age of 65.All people above the age of 65 would make up the ____.

What kind of sampling technique requires that you can get a list of all the individuals in the population?

Although a research question usually concerns the ____,the actual research participants are selected from the ____.

Using a simple random sample eliminates bias from the selection process.

The primary advantage of a stratified random sample is that it ____.

Although proportionate stratified sampling involves selecting individuals from predetermined subgroups of the population,it does not guarantee that each subgroup in the sample will have a large number of individuals.

The most commonly used sampling methods in psychology are nonprobability sampling methods.

For situations in which the researcher cannot know the complete list of potential participants,what kind is sampling is necessary?

A researcher wants to obtain a sample of 30 preschool children consisting of 10 two-year-old children,10 three-year-old,and 10 four-year-old children.Assuming that the children are obtained from local daycare centers,this researcher should use ____ sampling.

A professor teaching an introductory psychology class of 200 obtains a sample of 25 students by selecting every eighth name from the class list.The professor is using ____ sampling.

The workers in a factory are organized into five-person teams.When conducting a work-environment survey,a researcher randomly selected 10 teams to obtain a total sample of 50 workers.The researcher used ____ sampling.

How does convenience sampling compare to probability sampling?

When a sample has the same characteristics as the target population,the sample is said to be a(n)____ sample.

A researcher recruits a sample of 25 preschool children for a research study by posting an announcement in a local daycare center describing the study and offering a $10 payment for participation.What kind of sampling is the researcher using?

The major advantage of a simple random sample is that it ensures that ____.

If you cannot list all the individuals in the population,then you cannot take a simple random sample.

Explain how quota sampling can be used to simulate stratified random sampling or proportionate stratified random sampling in situations where the entire population is not known.​

The accessible population is a subset of the target population.

The group of individuals from which researchers actually select participants for research studies is called the ____ population.

Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method.

Research Ideas and Hypotheses.

Defining and Measuring Variables.

Ethics in Research.

Research Strategies and Validity.

The Experimental Research Strategy.

Experimental Designs: Between Subjects Design.

Experimental Designs Within Subjects Design.

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group,Pre–Post,and Developmental Designs.

Factorial Designs.

The Correlational Research Strategy.

The Descriptive Research Strategy.

Single-Subject Research Designs.

Statistical Evaluation of Data.

Writing an APA-Style Research Report.

Filters

Although a research question usually concerns the ,the actual research participants are selected from the .

Explain how quota sampling can be used to simulate stratified random sampling or proportionate stratified random sampling in situations where the entire population is not known.