Question 1

Each pair of electrons passed through the electron transport chain from NADH to oxygen releases enough energy to form

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5 ATP. 
B)  2.5 ATP. 
C)  5.0 ATP. 
D)  10.0 ATP. 
A)  1.5 ATP. 
B)  2.5 ATP. 
C)  5.0 ATP. 
D)  10.0 ATP. B

Question 2

The total ATP production via aerobic breakdown of glucose is

Accepted Answer

A)  32 ATP. 
B)  36 ATP. 
C)  38 ATP. 
D)  39 ATP. 
A)  32 ATP. 
B)  36 ATP. 
C)  38 ATP. 
D)  39 ATP. A

Question 3

The rate limiting enzyme in the Krebs cycle is

Accepted Answer

A)  isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
B)  hexokinase. 
C)  succinate dehydrogenase. 
D)  cytochrome oxidase. 
A)  isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
B)  hexokinase. 
C)  succinate dehydrogenase. 
D)  cytochrome oxidase. A

Question 4

The most important high-energy phosphate compound in the muscle cell is

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD. 
B)  FAD. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  GTP. 
A)  NAD. 
B)  FAD. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  GTP.

Question 5

The caloric (kcal) yield of one gram of protein is

Accepted Answer

A)  4 kcal/g. 
B)  7 kcal/g. 
C)  9 kcal/g. 
D)  the same as that of one gram of fat. 
A)  4 kcal/g. 
B)  7 kcal/g. 
C)  9 kcal/g. 
D)  the same as that of one gram of fat.

Question 6

The simplest and most rapid method of producing ATP during exercise is through

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis. 
B)  ATP-CP system. 
C)  aerobic metabolism. 
D)  glycogenolysis. 
A)  glycolysis. 
B)  ATP-CP system. 
C)  aerobic metabolism. 
D)  glycogenolysis.

Question 7

The accumulation of _________ would slow glycolysis by inhibiting its rate limiting enzyme.

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP 
B)  ATP 
C)  Pi 
D)  none of these 
A)  ADP 
B)  ATP 
C)  Pi 
D)  none of these

Question 8

Which of the following definitions describes the function of the "hydrolase" category of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes that catalyze reactions that result in the rearrangement of the structure of molecules 
B)  enzymes that catalyze reactions in which groups of elements are removed to form a double bond or are added to an existing double bond 
C)  enzymes that catalyze reactions in which the cleavage of bonds is accomplished by adding water 
D)  enzymes that catalyze the transfer of elements from one molecule to another 
A)  enzymes that catalyze reactions that result in the rearrangement of the structure of molecules 
B)  enzymes that catalyze reactions in which groups of elements are removed to form a double bond or are added to an existing double bond 
C)  enzymes that catalyze reactions in which the cleavage of bonds is accomplished by adding water 
D)  enzymes that catalyze the transfer of elements from one molecule to another

Question 9

Which of the following is true concerning the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  The associated oxidation and reduction reactions provide the energy needed to pump H+ ions into the mitochondrial matrix 
B)  The flow of H+ ions from the inter-membrane space back into the mitochondrial matrix powers the (aerobic) production of ADP 
C)  The electrons passed down the chain will eventually be used to help form water 
D)  The end result of the electron transport chain is the formation of oxygen 
A)  The associated oxidation and reduction reactions provide the energy needed to pump H+ ions into the mitochondrial matrix 
B)  The flow of H+ ions from the inter-membrane space back into the mitochondrial matrix powers the (aerobic) production of ADP 
C)  The electrons passed down the chain will eventually be used to help form water 
D)  The end result of the electron transport chain is the formation of oxygen

Question 10

The breakdown of creatine phosphate is regulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of lactate dehydrogenase in the muscle. 
B)  the amount of NAD in the sarcoplasm of the muscle. 
C)  ADP concentration in the cytoplasm. 
D)  the pH of the interstitial fluid. 
A)  the amount of lactate dehydrogenase in the muscle. 
B)  the amount of NAD in the sarcoplasm of the muscle. 
C)  ADP concentration in the cytoplasm. 
D)  the pH of the interstitial fluid.

Question 11

Enzymes are catalysts that increase the rate of reactions by

Accepted Answer

A)  pulling two substrates together. 
B)  lowering the energy of activation. 
C)  binding to a substrate and producing energy. 
D)  binding to a substrate and releasing protons. 
A)  pulling two substrates together. 
B)  lowering the energy of activation. 
C)  binding to a substrate and producing energy. 
D)  binding to a substrate and releasing protons.

Question 12

The enzyme responsible for catalyzing the immediate energy system is

Accepted Answer

A)  adenylate cyclase. 
B)  myosin ATPase. 
C)  creatine kinase. 
D)  lactate dehydrogenase. 
A)  adenylate cyclase. 
B)  myosin ATPase. 
C)  creatine kinase. 
D)  lactate dehydrogenase.

Question 13

A rate-limiting enzyme in the aerobic synthesis of ATP in the mitochondria is

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphofructokinase. 
B)  isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
C)  myosin ATPase. 
D)  ATP synthase. 
A)  phosphofructokinase. 
B)  isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
C)  myosin ATPase. 
D)  ATP synthase.

Question 14

By definition, an endergonic reaction is

Accepted Answer

A)  a chemical reaction that requires energy to be added to the reactants before the reaction will take place. 
B)  a chemical reaction that gives off energy. 
C)  an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. 
D)  a chemical reaction that results in products containing less free energy than the original reactants. 
A)  a chemical reaction that requires energy to be added to the reactants before the reaction will take place. 
B)  a chemical reaction that gives off energy. 
C)  an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. 
D)  a chemical reaction that results in products containing less free energy than the original reactants.

Question 15

The process of beta-oxidation involves

Accepted Answer

A)  breaking down stored triglycerides to FFA. 
B)  the addition of oxygen to a fatty acid. 
C)  the breakdown of a fatty acid to acetyl-CoA. 
D)  none of these. 
A)  breaking down stored triglycerides to FFA. 
B)  the addition of oxygen to a fatty acid. 
C)  the breakdown of a fatty acid to acetyl-CoA. 
D)  none of these.

Question 16

The primary purpose of the Krebs cycle is to

Accepted Answer

A)  complete the oxidation of foodstuffs using NAD and FAD as hydrogen (electron) carriers. 
B)  catalyze the phosphorylation of ADP from creatine phosphate. 
C)  oxidize foodstuffs and transfer those electrons to pyruvic acid. 
D)  consume lactate. 
A)  complete the oxidation of foodstuffs using NAD and FAD as hydrogen (electron) carriers. 
B)  catalyze the phosphorylation of ADP from creatine phosphate. 
C)  oxidize foodstuffs and transfer those electrons to pyruvic acid. 
D)  consume lactate.

Question 17

The enzyme-substrate complex is

Accepted Answer

A)  best described by the lock and key model. 
B)  not influenced by pH. 
C)  a terminal point for both the enzyme and substrate (neither can be reused). 
D)  more likely to occur in a 20 degrees C environment than a 40 degrees C one. 
A)  best described by the lock and key model. 
B)  not influenced by pH. 
C)  a terminal point for both the enzyme and substrate (neither can be reused). 
D)  more likely to occur in a 20 degrees C environment than a 40 degrees C one.

Question 18

Stored polysaccharides in muscle and other tissues in animals are called

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  fructose. 
C)  glycogen. 
D)  cellulose. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  fructose. 
C)  glycogen. 
D)  cellulose.

Question 19

The two most important hydrogen (electron) carriers in bioenergetic chemical reactions are

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD and ATP. 
B)  FAD and ATP. 
C)  NAD and FAD. 
D)  NAD and LDH. 
A)  NAD and ATP. 
B)  FAD and ATP. 
C)  NAD and FAD. 
D)  NAD and LDH.

Question 20

Fats that are stored in muscle and adipose tissue that play an important role as an energy substrate are

Accepted Answer

A)  phospholipids. 
B)  cholesterol. 
C)  triglycerides. 
D)  lipoproteins. 
A)  phospholipids. 
B)  cholesterol. 
C)  triglycerides. 
D)  lipoproteins.

Exam 4: Bioenergetics

Each pair of electrons passed through the electron transport chain from NADH to oxygen releases enough energy to form

The total ATP production via aerobic breakdown of glucose is

The rate limiting enzyme in the Krebs cycle is

The most important high-energy phosphate compound in the muscle cell is

The caloric (kcal) yield of one gram of protein is

The simplest and most rapid method of producing ATP during exercise is through

The accumulation of _________ would slow glycolysis by inhibiting its rate limiting enzyme.

Which of the following definitions describes the function of the "hydrolase" category of enzymes?

Which of the following is true concerning the electron transport chain?

The breakdown of creatine phosphate is regulated by

Enzymes are catalysts that increase the rate of reactions by

The enzyme responsible for catalyzing the immediate energy system is

A rate-limiting enzyme in the aerobic synthesis of ATP in the mitochondria is

By definition, an endergonic reaction is

The process of beta-oxidation involves

The primary purpose of the Krebs cycle is to

The enzyme-substrate complex is

Stored polysaccharides in muscle and other tissues in animals are called

The two most important hydrogen (electron) carriers in bioenergetic chemical reactions are

Fats that are stored in muscle and adipose tissue that play an important role as an energy substrate are

Introduction to Exercise Physiology

Common Measurements in Exercise Physiology

Control of the Internal Environment

Exercise Metabolism

Cell Signaling and the Hormonal Responses to Exercise

Exercise and the Immune System

The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement

Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function

Circulatory Responses to Exercise

Respiration During Exercise

Acid-Base Balance During Exercise

Temperature Regulation

The Physiology of Training: Effect on Vo2 Max, Performance, and Strength

Risk Factors and Inflammation: Links to Chronic Disease

Exercise Prescriptions for Health and Fitness

Exercise for Special Populations

Body Composition and Nutrition for Health

Factors Affecting Performance

Laboratory Assessment of Human Performance

Training for Performance

Training for the Female Athlete, Children, Special Populations, and the Masters Athlete

Nutrition, Body Composition, and Performance

Exercise and the Environment

Ergogenic Aids

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