Question 1

Which of the following would occur in response to elevated blood glucose to maintain homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased insulin secretion from the pancreas 
B)  increased uptake of glucose by cells 
C)  continued elevation of blood glucose 
D)  all of the above 
A)  decreased insulin secretion from the pancreas 
B)  increased uptake of glucose by cells 
C)  continued elevation of blood glucose 
D)  all of the above B

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation of blood glucose 
B)  regulation of body temperature 
C)  labor contractions during childbirth 
D)  the cellular stress protein response 
A)  regulation of blood glucose 
B)  regulation of body temperature 
C)  labor contractions during childbirth 
D)  the cellular stress protein response C

Question 3

In protein synthesis, the formation of mRNA is called

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription. 
B)  translation. 
A)  transcription. 
B)  translation. A

Question 4

Endocrine signaling involves the release of _________ into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A)  heat shock proteins 
B)  neurotransmitters 
C)  hormones 
D)  transcription factors 
A)  heat shock proteins 
B)  neurotransmitters 
C)  hormones 
D)  transcription factors

Question 5

A series of interconnected components that serve to maintain a physical or chemical parameter of the body near a constant value is

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostasis. 
B)  steady state. 
C)  a biological control system. 
D)  an organ system. 
A)  homeostasis. 
B)  steady state. 
C)  a biological control system. 
D)  an organ system.

Question 6

In negative feedback, the response of the system is

Accepted Answer

A)  to increase the gain of the receptor. 
B)  to modify the receptor's response to the stimulus. 
C)  opposite to that of the stimulus. 
D)  to enhance the stimulus. 
A)  to increase the gain of the receptor. 
B)  to modify the receptor's response to the stimulus. 
C)  opposite to that of the stimulus. 
D)  to enhance the stimulus.

Question 7

Stress proteins that are manufactured by cells in response to exercise

Accepted Answer

A)  can lead to an increased production of free radicals. 
B)  can lead to further disruptions in homeostasis. 
C)  can lead to an increased degree of cellular injury. 
D)  can help to repair damage caused by free radicals. 
A)  can lead to an increased production of free radicals. 
B)  can lead to further disruptions in homeostasis. 
C)  can lead to an increased degree of cellular injury. 
D)  can help to repair damage caused by free radicals.

Question 8

Physiologists use the term steady state to denote

Accepted Answer

A)  a steady and unchanging level of a physiological variable. 
B)  a completely normal external environment. 
C)  a changing internal environment. 
D)  an increase in body heat storage. 
A)  a steady and unchanging level of a physiological variable. 
B)  a completely normal external environment. 
C)  a changing internal environment. 
D)  an increase in body heat storage.

Question 9

The precision with which a control system maintains homeostasis is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  positive feedback. 
B)  negative feedback. 
C)  set point. 
D)  gain. 
A)  positive feedback. 
B)  negative feedback. 
C)  set point. 
D)  gain.

Question 10

During 60 minutes of constant-load submaximal exercise, the body temperature reaches a plateau after 35-45 minutes. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostasis. 
B)  effector. 
C)  steady state. 
D)  changing internal environment. 
A)  homeostasis. 
B)  effector. 
C)  steady state. 
D)  changing internal environment.

Question 11

The term homeostasis is defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  a constant metabolic demand placed upon the body. 
B)  the maintenance of a constant internal environment. 
C)  a low metabolic rate. 
D)  a change within the internal environment. 
A)  a constant metabolic demand placed upon the body. 
B)  the maintenance of a constant internal environment. 
C)  a low metabolic rate. 
D)  a change within the internal environment.

Question 12

Translation is the production of a protein from mRNA at the

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus. 
B)  ribosome. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi apparatus. 
A)  nucleus. 
B)  ribosome. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi apparatus.

Question 13

The effectors in the response to increased body temperature include

Accepted Answer

A)  cutaneous blood vessels and sweat glands. 
B)  cutaneous blood vessels and skeletal muscle. 
C)  baroreceptors. 
D)  stretch receptors. 
A)  cutaneous blood vessels and sweat glands. 
B)  cutaneous blood vessels and skeletal muscle. 
C)  baroreceptors. 
D)  stretch receptors.

Question 14

Because of complex control systems, the body always maintains homeostasis, even during exercise.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Most control systems of the body operate via

Accepted Answer

A)  positive feedback. 
B)  low-gain receptors. 
C)  negative feedback. 
D)  feed forward mechanisms. 
A)  positive feedback. 
B)  low-gain receptors. 
C)  negative feedback. 
D)  feed forward mechanisms.

Question 16

A chemical messenger is released from one cell that stimulates nearby cells is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  autocrine signaling. 
B)  endocrine signaling. 
C)  juxtacrine signaling. 
D)  paracrine signaling. 
A)  autocrine signaling. 
B)  endocrine signaling. 
C)  juxtacrine signaling. 
D)  paracrine signaling.

Question 17

The general components of a biological control system are the

Accepted Answer

A)  receptor, control center, and response. 
B)  receptor, control center, and effector. 
C)  effector, remote control, and stimulus. 
D)  receptor and integrating center. 
A)  receptor, control center, and response. 
B)  receptor, control center, and effector. 
C)  effector, remote control, and stimulus. 
D)  receptor and integrating center.

Question 18

The gain of a biological control system can be thought of as the

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of amplification of the system or the precision with which the control system maintains homeostasis. 
B)  ratio of the amount of abnormality to the amount of correction needed to maintain a constant internal environment (i.e., amount abnormality/amount of correction needed). 
C)  positive feedback needed to maintain homeostasis. 
D)  stimulus that triggers the biological control system to bring the internal environment back to normal. 
A)  amount of amplification of the system or the precision with which the control system maintains homeostasis. 
B)  ratio of the amount of abnormality to the amount of correction needed to maintain a constant internal environment (i.e., amount abnormality/amount of correction needed). 
C)  positive feedback needed to maintain homeostasis. 
D)  stimulus that triggers the biological control system to bring the internal environment back to normal.

Exam 3: Control of the Internal Environment

Which of the following would occur in response to elevated blood glucose to maintain homeostasis?

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

In protein synthesis, the formation of mRNA is called

Endocrine signaling involves the release of _________ into the bloodstream.

A series of interconnected components that serve to maintain a physical or chemical parameter of the body near a constant value is

In negative feedback, the response of the system is

Stress proteins that are manufactured by cells in response to exercise

Physiologists use the term steady state to denote

The precision with which a control system maintains homeostasis is termed

During 60 minutes of constant-load submaximal exercise, the body temperature reaches a plateau after 35-45 minutes. This is an example of

The term homeostasis is defined as

Translation is the production of a protein from mRNA at the

The effectors in the response to increased body temperature include

Because of complex control systems, the body always maintains homeostasis, even during exercise.

Most control systems of the body operate via

A chemical messenger is released from one cell that stimulates nearby cells is an example of

The general components of a biological control system are the

The gain of a biological control system can be thought of as the

Introduction to Exercise Physiology

Common Measurements in Exercise Physiology

Bioenergetics

Exercise Metabolism

Cell Signaling and the Hormonal Responses to Exercise

Exercise and the Immune System

The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement

Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function

Circulatory Responses to Exercise

Respiration During Exercise

Acid-Base Balance During Exercise

Temperature Regulation

The Physiology of Training: Effect on Vo2 Max, Performance, and Strength

Risk Factors and Inflammation: Links to Chronic Disease

Exercise Prescriptions for Health and Fitness

Exercise for Special Populations

Body Composition and Nutrition for Health

Factors Affecting Performance

Laboratory Assessment of Human Performance

Training for Performance

Training for the Female Athlete, Children, Special Populations, and the Masters Athlete

Nutrition, Body Composition, and Performance

Exercise and the Environment

Ergogenic Aids

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