Exam 9: Alternative Visions of the Nineteenth Century

How did the revolutions in Europe during 1848 differ from the revolution that Marx and Engels imagined?

Questions refer to the passage below. Yet we must know that the ten thousand names derive from the one name, and the one name from one ancestor. Thus our origins are not different. Since our Heavenly Father gave us birth and nourishment, we are of one form though of separate bodies, and we breathe the same air though in different places. This is why we say, "All are brothers within the four seas." Now, basking in the profound mercy of Heaven, we are of one family. . . . We brothers, our minds having been awakened by our Heavenly Father, joined the camp in the earlier days to support our Sovereign, many bringing parents, wives, uncles, brothers, and whole families. It is a matter of course that we should attend to our parents and look after our wives and children, but when one first creates a new rule, the state must come first and the family last, public interests first and private interests last. "The Principles of the Heavenly Nature," promulgated by the leadership of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, 1854 -Which of the follow statements in "The Principles" represents continuity in Chinese cultural thought?

Which of the following was a sharp contrast between millenarian revolts such as the Taiping Rebellion and orthodox institutions?

Both Usman dan Fodio and Muhammad Ibn abd al-Wahhab drew on which of the following inspirations for Islamic reform?

Which of the following is a similarity between the goals of Hong, the leaders of the Islamic revitalization movements, and Shaka?

After the 1857 Indian Rebellion, Queen Victoria promised a range of policies, including religious toleration, the honoring of treaties, and permitting Indians to serve in government.

Questions refer to the passage below. Section II-Regarding Merchants. It is plain that the infidel and treacherous British government have monopolized the trade of all the fine and valuable merchandise, such as indigo, cloth, and other articles of shipping, leaving only the trade of trifles to the people. . . . When the Badshahi Government is established, all these aforesaid fraudulent practices shall be dispensed with, and the trade of every article, without exception, both by land and by water, shall be open to the merchants of India. The Azamgarh Proclamation (1857), Bahadur Shah, last Mughal emperor -According to the document, Indian trade at this time was restricted to:

The impetus of Mohammad Ibn al-Wahhab's Islamic reform movement was a reaction to which of the following?

Fulani women made important contributions to the military and religious work of Usman dan Fodio's purification movement.

What was a goal of the Mayans in the Yucatan peninsula when they revolted against the Mexican government in 1847?

Wahhabi Islam was a direct threat to the political power of which of the following?

Tenskwatawa and Tecumseh failed because most American Indians preferred to assimilate into U.S. culture rather than reassert their native identity.

How did the worldview and strategy of Hong Xiuquan differ from those of reform leaders in the Muslim world?

The British avoided the use of technologies like the railroad and telegraph in India because they feared that rebels could turn their tools against them.

Anti-imperial resistance took various forms, including direct resistance within empires and the creation of new states on the peripheries. Develop an argument that analyzes the creation of new states on the periphery of expanding imperial states in the nineteenth century. In your response you should do the following: $\bullet$ Respond to the prompt with a historically defensible thesis or claim that establishes a line of reasoning. $\bullet$ Describe a broader historical context relevant to the prompt. $\bullet$ Support an argument in response to the prompt using specific and relevant examples of evidence. $\bullet$ Use historical reasoning (e.g., comparison, causation, continuity or change) to frame or structure an argument that addresses the prompt. $\bullet$ Use evidence to corroborate, qualify, or modify an argument that addresses the prompt.

From which groups did European nationalist movements draw their greatest number of supporters?

Questions refer to the passage below. Section II-Regarding Merchants. It is plain that the infidel and treacherous British government have monopolized the trade of all the fine and valuable merchandise, such as indigo, cloth, and other articles of shipping, leaving only the trade of trifles to the people. . . . When the Badshahi Government is established, all these aforesaid fraudulent practices shall be dispensed with, and the trade of every article, without exception, both by land and by water, shall be open to the merchants of India. The Azamgarh Proclamation (1857), Bahadur Shah, last Mughal emperor -According to the document, which of the following was a long-term cause of the revolt against the British?

What aspect of his reputation did Abd al-Qadir rely upon while organizing resistance to the French in Algeria?

Questions refer to the passage below. The basis of irreligious criticism is this: man makes religion; religion does not make man. Religion is indeed man's self-consciousness and self-awareness so long as he has not found himself or has lost himself again. But man is not an abstract being, squatting outside the world. Man is the human world, the state, society. This state, this society, produce religion which is an inverted world consciousness, because they are an inverted world. Religion is the general theory of this world, its encyclopedic compendium, its logic in popular form. . . . The struggle against religion is, therefore, indirectly, a struggle against that world whose spiritual aroma is religion. Religious suffering is at the same time an expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering. Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the sentiment of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people. The abolition of religion as the illusory happiness of men, is a demand for their real happiness. Karl Marx, critique of religion, 1843 -What aspect of Enlightenment thinking is reflected in this passage?

Which of the following groups was most attracted to Wahhabi Islam?