Exam 1: Psychology As a Science: Thinking Like a Researcher

People who are victims of the confirmation bias are like detectives who are focused on looking for _____ information.

Sasha is a door-to-door salesman. He has been keeping a record of his sales for the past few months. He is not surprised when his data revealed an outlier during the month of _____, given the inclement weather around that time.

Belief perseverance is the tendency to:

One difference between basic and applied research is that:

_____ is most likely responsible for endorsement of the better-than-average effect.

_____ is a systematic approach for addressing questions of interest.

Which of the following is an example of the better-than-average effect?

(Scenario I) This study is best described as:

The focusing effect is:

In psychology, how do researchers avoid making mistakes?

Which of the following concepts is known as the "I knew it all along" phenomenon?

Which of the following is the reason that good leaders often employ someone to play the role of devil's advocate before making an important decision?

Psychology majors gain _____, which is the highly sought-after ability to plan, manage, organize, and follow-through on a task by paying attention to the nuances and details.

You know that people are often more generous when donating to a cause after seeing a moving photograph than hearing impersonal statistics. In this case, research on the _____ confirms that a picture is worth a thousand words.

The first information that people receive is often more influential than information presented later. Individuals use their previous knowledge and beliefs to judge new information they receive, typically in an effort to bolster those previous beliefs through the process of:

Deciding the likelihood of an event based on how much it resembles the "typical" example of such an event is known as the _____ heuristic.

Leonardo claims to have graduated at the top of his class from a very prestigious state university. Before the admissions officer approves his application for law school, she requests to see his transcript. In this case, the admissions officer is demonstrating:

Which of the following is a characteristic of a good scientist?

With regard to characteristics of a good scientist, _____ is the ability to share findings in writing or presentation in an effort to extend the collective of knowledge and serve the common good, whereas _____ is the ability to "think outside the box" and design novel approaches to answer scientific questions.

(Scenario II) After learning of the study described in Scenario II, an herbal remedy company developed a product called the Love Drug. In their marketing campaign for this product they said it contains an ingredient that has been clinically proven to enhance monogamy in adults. This is a classic example of how consumers are bombarded by _____ on a daily basis.