Exam 2: The Experimental Analysis of Behavior

Shabani, Carr, and Petursdottir (2009) found that children trained to respond to buttons associated with different response efforts but the same reinforcer would respond first to the lowest-effort response, then to the medium-effort response option, and finally the high-effort response option, when the reinforcer was no longer delivered. This is an example of:

When evaluating the immediacy of change in order to determine experimental control, behavioral analysts recommend using the last ______ sessions of baseline and the first _________ sessions of the treatment phase.

In terms of behavior-environment relations, establishing operations:

_________ are events, settings, and situations that come before operant behavior and increase its probability.

Max conducted a study in which he moved the recycling bin in the hallway close to the classroom door for a week and then a week with the recycling bin about 10 feet from the door of the classroom. The trash bin remained constant at about 5 feet from the classroom door. At the end of each day, Max measured the amount of recycling in the bin. What is the dependent variable for this study?

A unique benefit of steady baselines for behavioral neuroscientists interested in the effects of drugs on behavior is that:

The reversal phase of an A-B-A-B study is an example of:

In terms of the Stroop effect, behavior analysts point to _____ and _____ as reasons for hesitation:

Functional analysis involves classifying behavior according to _____, and analyzing the environment in terms of _______.

Which of the following behavior would least likely belong to the same response class as the other three behaviors?

A researcher reports that a classroom where students received points that could be exchanged for extra recess time whenever they completed math practice problems saw an average increase of five completed homework problems per child per day compared to baseline. In terms of evaluating the effectiveness of this program, the researcher would most likely focus on:

Which of the following was not identified as a major problem with a structural approach to studying behavior?

A behavior analytic explanation of the Stroop effect would likely rely on:

A researcher examined the possibility that additional recess time would increase the number of math facts learned over a one-month period. The procedure tested this hypothesis using a first-grade classroom with extended recess time and a second-grade classroom with regular recess time. In this study, the amount of recess time would be considered:

When considering a baby's babbling being reinforced by the parent so the child will ultimately be able to produce language, attempts at speech are ______ behavior.

Which of the following would be an example of an abolishing operation (AO) for eating?

Frances woke up this morning with a horrible toothache. While at work, she avoids interactions with her coworkers. When asked by a work friend if everything is okay, Frances tells her that it hurts too much to talk to people, so she is trying to stay away from people. In this situation, the toothache is most likely a:

Conditioned emotional responses that include an increase in heart rate, perspiration, or a change in blood pressure are examples of ______.

Which of the following is not one of the conditions tested by Iwata and associates (1994) in their functional analysis of the cause of self-injurious behavior (SIB) in children with developmental disabilities?

The term _____ refers to behavior that is elicited and the term _____ refers to behavior that is emitted: