Question 1

Pre-puberty hypersecretion of growth hormone results in gigantism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following occurs during endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteocytes differentiate within a mesenchymal or fibrous connective tissue. 
B)  Osteoclasts secrete the organic component of the matrix. 
C)  Osteoblasts lay down bone on a membranous template. 
D)  The bone grows in length and in diameter. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  Osteocytes differentiate within a mesenchymal or fibrous connective tissue. 
B)  Osteoclasts secrete the organic component of the matrix. 
C)  Osteoblasts lay down bone on a membranous template. 
D)  The bone grows in length and in diameter. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 3

A shallow depression on the surface of a bone is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  tuberosity 
B)  trochanter 
C)  fossa 
D)  foramen 
E)  tubercle 
A)  tuberosity 
B)  trochanter 
C)  fossa 
D)  foramen 
E)  tubercle

Question 4

The scapula is an example of what type of bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  long 
B)  flat 
C)  irregular 
D)  short 
E)  sutural 
A)  long 
B)  flat 
C)  irregular 
D)  short 
E)  sutural

Question 5

Which of the following is the active form of calcitriol?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium 
B)  vitamin A 
C)  vitamin C 
D)  vitamin D 
E)  sodium 
A)  calcium 
B)  vitamin A 
C)  vitamin C 
D)  vitamin D 
E)  sodium

Question 6

What kind of tissue(s)would most likely be found in a tissue sample taken from the interior of the epiphysis of the femur?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone makes up the internal framew

Question 7

Figure 5.2
   
Using the above-referenced figures depicting steps in endochondral ossification, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure indicated by Label G.

Accepted Answer

A)  Periosteum 
B)  Sharpey's fiber 
C)  Medullary cavity 
D)  Compact bone 
E)  Fibrocartilage 
A)  Periosteum 
B)  Sharpey's fiber 
C)  Medullary cavity 
D)  Compact bone 
E)  Fibrocartilage

Question 8

As a long bone develops, the point where osteoblasts first replace calcified cartilage with spongy bone becomes the ________, from which further development proceeds.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary ossification center 
B)  metaphysis 
C)  periosteum 
D)  secondary ossification center 
E)  epiphyseal line 
A)  primary ossification center 
B)  metaphysis 
C)  periosteum 
D)  secondary ossification center 
E)  epiphyseal line

Question 9

Figure 5.2
   
Using the above-referenced figures depicting steps in endochondral ossification, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure indicated by Label O.

Accepted Answer

A)  Bone collar 
B)  Diaphysis 
C)  Metaphysis 
D)  Superficial bone 
E)  Epiphysis 
A)  Bone collar 
B)  Diaphysis 
C)  Metaphysis 
D)  Superficial bone 
E)  Epiphysis

Question 10

Increased levels of calcium in the blood of a pregnant woman would stimulate the secretion of ________, which would increase calcium loss in the urine.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin 
B)  calcitriol 
C)  parathyroid hormone 
D)  thyroid hormone 
E)  growth hormone 
A)  calcitonin 
B)  calcitriol 
C)  parathyroid hormone 
D)  thyroid hormone 
E)  growth hormone

Question 11

The central canal of an osteon usually runs parallel to the surface of a bone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The matrix of bone include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium phosphate 
B)  calcium hydroxide 
C)  calcium carbonate 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  calcium phosphate 
B)  calcium hydroxide 
C)  calcium carbonate 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 13

Figure 5.1
   
Using the above-referenced diagrams depicting the internal organization in representative bones, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure indicated by Label X.

Accepted Answer

A)  Central canal 
B)  Interstitial lamellae 
C)  Perforating canal 
D)  Canaliculi 
E)  Circumferential lamellae 
A)  Central canal 
B)  Interstitial lamellae 
C)  Perforating canal 
D)  Canaliculi 
E)  Circumferential lamellae

Question 14

Figure 5.1
   
Using the above-referenced diagrams depicting the internal organization in representative bones, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure indicated by Label E.

Accepted Answer

A)  Epiphysis 
B)  Endosteum 
C)  Metaphysis 
D)  Periosteum 
E)  Sharpey's fiber 
A)  Epiphysis 
B)  Endosteum 
C)  Metaphysis 
D)  Periosteum 
E)  Sharpey's fiber

Question 15

A chamber within a bone, normally filled with air, is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  condyle 
B)  ramus 
C)  sulcus 
D)  fissure 
E)  sinus 
A)  condyle 
B)  ramus 
C)  sulcus 
D)  fissure 
E)  sinus

Question 16

Figure 5.2
   
Using the above-referenced figures depicting steps in endochondral ossification, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure indicated by Label R.

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary ossification center 
B)  Medullary cavity 
C)  Superficial bone 
D)  Bone collar 
E)  Secondary ossification center 
A)  Primary ossification center 
B)  Medullary cavity 
C)  Superficial bone 
D)  Bone collar 
E)  Secondary ossification center

Question 17

A small, flat articular surface is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  trochlea 
B)  spine 
C)  line 
D)  sulcus 
E)  facet 
A)  trochlea 
B)  spine 
C)  line 
D)  sulcus 
E)  facet

Question 18

Figure 5.4
   
Using the above-referenced diagrams of bones classified by shape, identify the specified labeled item in each of the following questions.
-Identify the bone type specified by Label I.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sutural bones 
B)  Irregular bones 
C)  Sesamoid bones 
D)  Long bones 
E)  Flat bones 
A)  Sutural bones 
B)  Irregular bones 
C)  Sesamoid bones 
D)  Long bones 
E)  Flat bones

Question 19

Figure 5.2
   
Using the above-referenced figures depicting steps in endochondral ossification, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions.
-Identify the area indicated by Label A.

Accepted Answer

A)  Shrinking osteoblasts within calcifying matrix 
B)  Enlarging osteoclasts within calcifying matrix 
C)  Shrinking chondrocytes within calcifying matrix 
D)  Enlarging chondrocytes within calcifying matrix 
E)  Enlarging osteoblasts within calcifying matrix 
A)  Shrinking osteoblasts within calcifying matrix 
B)  Enlarging osteoclasts within calcifying matrix 
C)  Shrinking chondrocytes within calcifying matrix 
D)  Enlarging chondrocytes within calcifying matrix 
E)  Enlarging osteoblasts within calcifying matrix

Question 20

A fracture of a bone that is the result of a twisting stress that spreads along the length of the bone is called a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pott fracture 
B)  comminuted fracture 
C)  greenstick fracture 
D)  spiral fracture 
E)  compression fracture 
A)  Pott fracture 
B)  comminuted fracture 
C)  greenstick fracture 
D)  spiral fracture 
E)  compression fracture

Exam 5: The Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and Skeletal Structure

Pre-puberty hypersecretion of growth hormone results in gigantism.

Which of the following occurs during endochondral ossification?

A shallow depression on the surface of a bone is called a ________.

The scapula is an example of what type of bone?

Which of the following is the active form of calcitriol?

What kind of tissue(s)would most likely be found in a tissue sample taken from the interior of the epiphysis of the femur?

Figure 5.2 Using the above-referenced figures depicting steps in endochondral ossification, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure indicated by Label G.

As a long bone develops, the point where osteoblasts first replace calcified cartilage with spongy bone becomes the ________, from which further development proceeds.

Figure 5.2 Using the above-referenced figures depicting steps in endochondral ossification, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure indicated by Label O.

Increased levels of calcium in the blood of a pregnant woman would stimulate the secretion of ________, which would increase calcium loss in the urine.

The central canal of an osteon usually runs parallel to the surface of a bone.

The matrix of bone include ________.

Figure 5.1 Using the above-referenced diagrams depicting the internal organization in representative bones, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure indicated by Label X.

Figure 5.1 Using the above-referenced diagrams depicting the internal organization in representative bones, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure indicated by Label E.

A chamber within a bone, normally filled with air, is a ________.

Figure 5.2 Using the above-referenced figures depicting steps in endochondral ossification, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure indicated by Label R.

A small, flat articular surface is a ________.

Figure 5.4 Using the above-referenced diagrams of bones classified by shape, identify the specified labeled item in each of the following questions. -Identify the bone type specified by Label I.

Figure 5.2 Using the above-referenced figures depicting steps in endochondral ossification, identify the specified labeled part in each of the following questions. -Identify the area indicated by Label A.

A fracture of a bone that is the result of a twisting stress that spreads along the length of the bone is called a(n)________.

Foundations: An Introduction to Anatomy

Foundations: The Cell

Foundations: Tissues and Early Embryology

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Axial Division

The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division

The Skeletal System: Articulations

The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and Muscle Organization

The Muscular System: Axial Musculature

The Muscular System: Appendicular Musculature

Surface Anatomy and Cross-Sectional Anatomy

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue

The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord

The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

The Nervous System: General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: The Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Embryology and Human Development

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