Exam 3: The Search for Causes

Which of the following scholars is considered to be a Classical School criminologist?

According to the Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency,very young subjects (as young as three years of age)are most likely to be found on the ________ pathway to delinquency.

Which of Eysenck's personality dimensions was most likely to be closely correlated with criminality?

Compare and contrast psychological and sociological theories of criminal behavior.Which approach do you consider to be a more valid explanation of the causes of crime? Support your opinion.

Match Merton's categories to the type of criminality. A)Political crime B)Drug use and vagrancy C)Law-abiding behavior D)Property and white-collar crime E)Repetitive and mundane lifestyle -Conformist

Match the sociological or social process theory with its definition. A)Crime can be mapped according to its social characteristics B)Everyone is subject to inducements to crime but factors such as social roles,conscience,and a positive self-image help prevent individuals from engaging in crime and deviance C)Posits the existence of group values that support criminal behavior D)Crime is the product of socialization and is acquired by criminals according to the same principles that guide the learning of law-abiding behavior in conformists E)Offenders use various techniques to rationalize their criminal behavior and shed feelings of guilt F)Continued crime results from negative social reaction those defined as offenders G)The bond between individuals and society is the primary operative mechanism keeping individuals from engaging in crime H)Crime occurs when there is a disjunction between socially acceptable goals and means in society -Anomie theory

Biosocial researchers argue that genes ________ human behavior rather than determining it.

What is the central defining characteristic of a psychopath?

Match the theory with its approach. A)Biosocial B)Sociological C)Social Process D)Emergent E)Conflict F)Biological G)Psychological H)Classical/Neoclassical -Atavism

According to Jeremy Bentham's concept of ________,individuals will avoid committing crime if the punishment for the crime outweighs the benefits of committing it.

Match Merton's categories to the type of criminality. A)Political crime B)Drug use and vagrancy C)Law-abiding behavior D)Property and white-collar crime E)Repetitive and mundane lifestyle -Innovator

Distinct portions of a cell's DNA that carry coded instructions for making everything the body needs are known as

Describe the biosocial perspective and explain what this perspective considers most important to understanding behavior.Include a discussion of the gender ratio problem and explain why this is not a problem for biosocial theories of crime.

________ is a sociological approach that emphasizes demographics and geographics and explains criminality as a product of society's impact on the individual.

Cesare Lombroso's theory of atavism implies that some people are born criminals.

Early feminist criminology argued that the differences in crime rates between men and women were due primarily to

________ theory suggests that crime is learned according to the same principles that guide the learning of law-abiding behavior.

Theory testing usually involves the development of a(n)________ based on what the theory predicts.

________ is an eighteenth-century approach to crime causation and criminal responsibility that emphasizes free will and reasonable punishments.

The conflict perspective suggests that the fundamental nature of group conflict centers on the exercise of political power.