Exam 9: Social Reaction and Critical Models of Crime

What is the difference between primary and secondary deviance?

______ claims that recidivism can be reduced by limiting stigmatization by authorities and society.

______ theories of crime focus on the fact that people from the lower classes are arrested and charged with crimes at a disproportionate rate.

______ assumed that the competition for power among various groups in society is the primary cause of crime.

______ presented a theoretical model that claims that delinquency and crime are the result of problematic parenting.

Quinney claimed that the elite commit crimes in order to do all of the following EXCEPT ______.

Which of these policies is NOT evolved from social reaction and labeling theory?

Karl Marx believed that a certain level of conflict among groups can be very beneficial because it reminds citizens to consider whether the status quo or conventional standards can be improved.

According to Marxist theory, law is used as a tool to protect the economic interests and holdings of the ______.

______ was a prominent neo-Marxist theorist in the U.S.

There were 232 items on Ted Kaczynski's manifesto.

Recently, ______ policies have been less attractive to authorities and politicians who want to be seen as hard on criminal offenders so they will be elected or retained in office.

During the ______ and ______, social reaction/labeling theories, as well as the various critical/conflict theories, became popular.

Labeling theory perspective assumes that people who are labeled offenders have virtually no choice but to conform to the role they have been assigned by society.

______ was NOT among the policies that became popular during the 1960s and early 1970s.

The dramatization of evil typically occurs when ______ are arrested and charged with their first offense.

An individual must be caught and labeled before primary deviance occurs.

According to Marx, the more unequal the balance of power, the worse the conflict tends to be.

Who coined the term dramatization of evil?

Labeling theory is also referred to as social reaction theory.