Question 1

In the language of experimentation, a "pretest" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the measurement of the independent variable before it is applied to subjects. 
B) a measure of the dependent variable before subjects are exposed to the independent variable. 
C) the random assignment of subjects to experimental and control conditions. 
D) the extent of extraneous variability that exists before exposure of subjects to the independent variable. 
A) the measurement of the independent variable before it is applied to subjects. 
B) a measure of the dependent variable before subjects are exposed to the independent variable. 
C) the random assignment of subjects to experimental and control conditions. 
D) the extent of extraneous variability that exists before exposure of subjects to the independent variable. B

Question 2

Which of the following experimental designs is (are)capable of controlling ALL of the threats to internal validity

Accepted Answer

A) the Solomon four group design 
B) the "classic" experimental design 
C) the posttest only control group design 
D) all of the answers represent experimental designs that are capable of controlling all of the threats to internal validity 
A) the Solomon four group design 
B) the "classic" experimental design 
C) the posttest only control group design 
D) all of the answers represent experimental designs that are capable of controlling all of the threats to internal validity D

Question 3

In the long run, according to the text, the external validity of experiments can be best established:

Accepted Answer

A) by using true experimental designs. 
B) through replication. 
C) by conducting field experiments. 
D) only in carefully conducted laboratory experiments. 
A) by using true experimental designs. 
B) through replication. 
C) by conducting field experiments. 
D) only in carefully conducted laboratory experiments. B

Question 4

Which of the following would be an example of "gender insensitivity" in research

Accepted Answer

A) failing to report the sex ratio of the subjects in an experiment 
B) analyzing the data from an experiment separately for males and females 
C) not including gender as one of the independent variables in an experiment 
D) assigning people to experimental and control groups randomly by gender 
A) failing to report the sex ratio of the subjects in an experiment 
B) analyzing the data from an experiment separately for males and females 
C) not including gender as one of the independent variables in an experiment 
D) assigning people to experimental and control groups randomly by gender

Question 5

Diagram a Factorial Design containing four groups and indicate the reasons for using factorial designs.

Accepted Answer

Factorial designs are used in research t

Question 6

Diagram the Time Series quasi experimental designs and evaluate them on their ability to control threats to internal validity.

Accepted Answer

Time series quasi experimental designs a

Question 7

In experimental research, the experimental group:

Accepted Answer

A) is the same as the control group. 
B) is exposed to the experimental stimulus. 
C) is created to control for extraneous variables. 
D) experiences only the dependent variables. 
A) is the same as the control group. 
B) is exposed to the experimental stimulus. 
C) is created to control for extraneous variables. 
D) experiences only the dependent variables.

Question 8

Diagram the One Group Pretest Posttest pre-experimental design and indicate its weaknesses on internal validity.

Accepted Answer

The One Group Pretest Posttest design is

Question 9

The term "external validity" in experiments refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the extent to which causal inferences made in an experiment can be generalized beyond the experimental setting. 
B) whether the independent variable actually produces the effect that it appears to have on the dependent variable. 
C) the extent to which the design approximates a true experimental design. 
D) the elimination of experimenter effects. 
A) the extent to which causal inferences made in an experiment can be generalized beyond the experimental setting. 
B) whether the independent variable actually produces the effect that it appears to have on the dependent variable. 
C) the extent to which the design approximates a true experimental design. 
D) the elimination of experimenter effects.

Question 10

All of the following are advantages of experiments over other research designs EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) experiments can be less costly than other research designs. 
B) the sampling done in experiments makes the results more generalizable than is the case with other research designs. 
C) it is more logical to infer causal relationships in experiments than in other research designs. 
D) researchers in experiments have more control over variables and events than in other research designs. 
A) experiments can be less costly than other research designs. 
B) the sampling done in experiments makes the results more generalizable than is the case with other research designs. 
C) it is more logical to infer causal relationships in experiments than in other research designs. 
D) researchers in experiments have more control over variables and events than in other research designs.

Question 11

Which of the following are the two methods used in experiments to ensure that the experimental and control groups are equivalent

Accepted Answer

A) pretesting and matching 
B) extraneous variability and experimental variability 
C) random assignment and matching 
D) random assignment and pretesting 
A) pretesting and matching 
B) extraneous variability and experimental variability 
C) random assignment and matching 
D) random assignment and pretesting

Question 12

The one threat to internal validity that the "classic" experimental design cannot control is:

Accepted Answer

A) attrition due to voluntary quitting. 
B) history that results from things external to the experimental setting. 
C) maturation on the part of the experimental subjects. 
D) testing that results from weaknesses in the measurement devices. 
A) attrition due to voluntary quitting. 
B) history that results from things external to the experimental setting. 
C) maturation on the part of the experimental subjects. 
D) testing that results from weaknesses in the measurement devices.

Question 13

Which of the following is a quasi experimental design

Accepted Answer

A) the Solomon four group design 
B) the static group comparison 
C) the time series design 
D) the posttest only control group design 
A) the Solomon four group design 
B) the static group comparison 
C) the time series design 
D) the posttest only control group design

Question 14

In an experiment, the control group:

Accepted Answer

A) is exposed to both the experimental and control conditions in sequence. 
B) experiences the control condition. 
C) experiences the independent variable. 
D) is used to reduce internal validity. 
A) is exposed to both the experimental and control conditions in sequence. 
B) experiences the control condition. 
C) experiences the independent variable. 
D) is used to reduce internal validity.

Question 15

If we wanted to assess through an experimental design the effect of race and age working together on a person's propensity toward substance abuse, we would probably select which type of experimental design

Accepted Answer

A) a Factorial design 
B) the Solomon four group design 
C) the "classic" experimental design 
D) the multiple experimental group with one control group design 
A) a Factorial design 
B) the Solomon four group design 
C) the "classic" experimental design 
D) the multiple experimental group with one control group design

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of experiments

Accepted Answer

A) They are the best research designs for establishing causal relationships. 
B) They are ideal for studying large, representative samples of people. 
C) Laboratory experiments in particular are relatively inexpensive to conduct. 
D) Many experimental designs are longitudinal. 
A) They are the best research designs for establishing causal relationships. 
B) They are ideal for studying large, representative samples of people. 
C) Laboratory experiments in particular are relatively inexpensive to conduct. 
D) Many experimental designs are longitudinal.

Question 17

A problem with using random assignment to produce equivalence between an experimental and a control group is that:

Accepted Answer

A) it doesn't work well without matching. 
B) it increases the amount of extraneous variability. 
C) it reduces the internal validity of the experiment. 
D) it can yield nonequivalent groups on occasion. 
A) it doesn't work well without matching. 
B) it increases the amount of extraneous variability. 
C) it reduces the internal validity of the experiment. 
D) it can yield nonequivalent groups on occasion.

Question 18

Experimental designs that are the weakest in terms of controlling the threats to internal validity are called:

Accepted Answer

A) true experimental designs. 
B) hyper experimental designs. 
C) pre-experimental designs. 
D) quasi experimental designs. 
A) true experimental designs. 
B) hyper experimental designs. 
C) pre-experimental designs. 
D) quasi experimental designs.

Question 19

The threat to the internal validity of experiments that is called "maturation" is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) changes occurring within experimental subjects that are due to the passage of time. 
B) subjects becoming familiar with measuring devices used in experiments after they have been administered repeatedly. 
C) the tendency for extremely mature experimental subjects to regress toward the mean of the group over time. 
D) historical changes that occur between administration of the pretest and the posttest. 
A) changes occurring within experimental subjects that are due to the passage of time. 
B) subjects becoming familiar with measuring devices used in experiments after they have been administered repeatedly. 
C) the tendency for extremely mature experimental subjects to regress toward the mean of the group over time. 
D) historical changes that occur between administration of the pretest and the posttest.

Question 20

The variation in the dependent variable that is produced by the independent variable is called:

Accepted Answer

A) extraneous variability. 
B) systematic error variability. 
C) experimental variability. 
D) random error variability. 
A) extraneous variability. 
B) systematic error variability. 
C) experimental variability. 
D) random error variability.

In the language of experimentation, a "pretest" refers to:

Which of the following experimental designs is (are)capable of controlling ALL of the threats to internal validity

In the long run, according to the text, the external validity of experiments can be best established:

Which of the following would be an example of "gender insensitivity" in research

Diagram a Factorial Design containing four groups and indicate the reasons for using factorial designs.

Diagram the Time Series quasi experimental designs and evaluate them on their ability to control threats to internal validity.

In experimental research, the experimental group:

Diagram the One Group Pretest Posttest pre-experimental design and indicate its weaknesses on internal validity.

The term "external validity" in experiments refers to:

All of the following are advantages of experiments over other research designs EXCEPT:

Which of the following are the two methods used in experiments to ensure that the experimental and control groups are equivalent

The one threat to internal validity that the "classic" experimental design cannot control is:

Which of the following is a quasi experimental design

In an experiment, the control group:

If we wanted to assess through an experimental design the effect of race and age working together on a person's propensity toward substance abuse, we would probably select which type of experimental design

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of experiments

A problem with using random assignment to produce equivalence between an experimental and a control group is that:

Experimental designs that are the weakest in terms of controlling the threats to internal validity are called:

The threat to the internal validity of experiments that is called "maturation" is best defined as:

The variation in the dependent variable that is produced by the independent variable is called:

Research in the Human Services

The Logic of Social Research

Ethical Issues in Social Research

Issues in Problem Formulation

The Process of Measurement

Sampling

Survey Research

Analysis of Available Data

Field Research and Qualitative Methods

Single-System Designs

Evaluation Research

Scaling

Data Analysis I-- Data Preparation and Presentation

Data Analysis II-- Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Analysis of Qualitative Data

Writing for Research-- Grant Proposals and Report Writing

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Exam 10: Experimental Research

In the language of experimentation, a "pretest" refers to:

Which of the following experimental designs is (are)capable of controlling ALL of the threats to internal validity

In the long run, according to the text, the external validity of experiments can be best established:

Which of the following would be an example of "gender insensitivity" in research

Diagram a Factorial Design containing four groups and indicate the reasons for using factorial designs.

Diagram the Time Series quasi experimental designs and evaluate them on their ability to control threats to internal validity.

In experimental research, the experimental group:

Diagram the One Group Pretest Posttest pre-experimental design and indicate its weaknesses on internal validity.

The term "external validity" in experiments refers to:

All of the following are advantages of experiments over other research designs EXCEPT:

Which of the following are the two methods used in experiments to ensure that the experimental and control groups are equivalent

The one threat to internal validity that the "classic" experimental design cannot control is:

Which of the following is a quasi experimental design

In an experiment, the control group:

If we wanted to assess through an experimental design the effect of race and age working together on a person's propensity toward substance abuse, we would probably select which type of experimental design

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of experiments

A problem with using random assignment to produce equivalence between an experimental and a control group is that:

Experimental designs that are the weakest in terms of controlling the threats to internal validity are called:

The threat to the internal validity of experiments that is called "maturation" is best defined as:

The variation in the dependent variable that is produced by the independent variable is called:

Research in the Human Services

The Logic of Social Research

Ethical Issues in Social Research

Issues in Problem Formulation

The Process of Measurement

Sampling

Survey Research

Analysis of Available Data

Field Research and Qualitative Methods

Single-System Designs

Evaluation Research

Scaling

Data Analysis I-- Data Preparation and Presentation

Data Analysis II-- Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

Analysis of Qualitative Data

Writing for Research-- Grant Proposals and Report Writing

Filters