Question 1

A disadvantage of categorization is the creation of stereotypes by exaggerating

Accepted Answer

A) within-category similarity. 
B) within-category dissimilarity. 
C) between-category similarity. 
D) between-category dissimilarity. 
A) within-category similarity. 
B) within-category dissimilarity. 
C) between-category similarity. 
D) between-category dissimilarity.

Question 2

Compare and contrast the prototype model and the feature frequency model of category formation.

Accepted Answer

The prototype model and the feature freq

Question 3

Real world (natural) categories can be characterized as

Accepted Answer

A) having some members being more typical than others. 
B) discrete. 
C) sharing identical attributes. 
D) All these 
A) having some members being more typical than others. 
B) discrete. 
C) sharing identical attributes. 
D) All these

Question 4

Stereotypes are based on

Accepted Answer

A) goal-derived categories. 
B) social categories. 
C) natural categories. 
D) rule-defined categories. 
A) goal-derived categories. 
B) social categories. 
C) natural categories. 
D) rule-defined categories.

Question 5

Why are concept-identification tasks more difficult to perform than tasks that provide disjunctive or conjunctive rules?

Accepted Answer

Concept-identification tasks are general

Question 6

The finding that people rate some even numbers as better examples than other even numbers indicates that

Accepted Answer

A) categories cannot be defined by rules. 
B) rules don't exist for continuous dimensions. 
C) people don't know the rule for even numbers. 
D) members of rule-defined categories can differ in representativeness. 
A) categories cannot be defined by rules. 
B) rules don't exist for continuous dimensions. 
C) people don't know the rule for even numbers. 
D) members of rule-defined categories can differ in representativeness.

Question 7

Categorizing objects reduces the complexity of the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Natural categories differ from concept-identification tasks because

Accepted Answer

A) their members are not equally good representatives of the category. 
B) they may be defined along continuous dimensions. 
C) they are often hierarchically organized. 
D) All these 
A) their members are not equally good representatives of the category. 
B) they may be defined along continuous dimensions. 
C) they are often hierarchically organized. 
D) All these

Question 9

Bruner, Goodnow, and Austin proposed that people solve concept identification tasks by

Accepted Answer

A) memorizing all the positive instances of the category. 
B) creating category prototypes. 
C) forming and evaluating hypotheses. 
D) All these 
A) memorizing all the positive instances of the category. 
B) creating category prototypes. 
C) forming and evaluating hypotheses. 
D) All these

Question 10

Which type of water was judged to be most typical?

Accepted Answer

A) pure water 
B) drinking water 
C) bottled water 
D) rain water 
A) pure water 
B) drinking water 
C) bottled water 
D) rain water

Question 11

Which is most useful for predicting the typicalities of members in common taxonomic categories but not as useful in predicting typicalities in goal-driven categories?

Accepted Answer

A) nearest neighbor 
B) person perception 
C) family resemblance 
D) average distance 
A) nearest neighbor 
B) person perception 
C) family resemblance 
D) average distance

Question 12

Members of the same basic category

Accepted Answer

A) have no attributes in common. 
B) have few attributes in common. 
C) have many attributes in common. 
D) have all attributes in common. 
A) have no attributes in common. 
B) have few attributes in common. 
C) have many attributes in common. 
D) have all attributes in common.

Question 13

The concept identification paradigm has been criticized on the basis that

Accepted Answer

A) it is highly artificial. 
B) it classifies objects on the basis of discrete values. 
C) it assumes that all members of the category are equally good. 
D) All these 
A) it is highly artificial. 
B) it classifies objects on the basis of discrete values. 
C) it assumes that all members of the category are equally good. 
D) All these

Question 14

Discuss the major characteristics of natural categories. Include some empirical evidence in your response.

Accepted Answer

Natural categories are groups of objects

Question 15

Concept identification has been thought of by some as being accomplished by evaluating hypotheses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Basic-level categories are those that are at the bottom of the category hierarchy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What are the benefits of forming cognitive categories? (Five were given in your text.)

Accepted Answer

The benefits of forming cognitive catego

Question 18

Which consequence of categorization was not mentioned by Bruner, Goodnow, and Austin? Categorization

Accepted Answer

A) reduces the complexity of the environment. 
B) is the means by which objects of the world are identified. 
C) increases the need for learning. 
D) allows us to select an appropriate action. 
A) reduces the complexity of the environment. 
B) is the means by which objects of the world are identified. 
C) increases the need for learning. 
D) allows us to select an appropriate action.

Question 19

The diagnostic manual of the American Psychiatric Association distinguishes among different clinical categories by listing

Accepted Answer

A) several unique features for each category. 
B) a large number of overlapping features for each category. 
C) several examples for each category. 
D) a large number of examples for each category. 
A) several unique features for each category. 
B) a large number of overlapping features for each category. 
C) several examples for each category. 
D) a large number of examples for each category.

Question 20

Hierarchically organized concept categories are not representative of natural categories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A disadvantage of categorization is the creation of stereotypes by exaggerating

Compare and contrast the prototype model and the feature frequency model of category formation.

Real world (natural) categories can be characterized as

Stereotypes are based on

Why are concept-identification tasks more difficult to perform than tasks that provide disjunctive or conjunctive rules?

The finding that people rate some even numbers as better examples than other even numbers indicates that

Categorizing objects reduces the complexity of the environment.

Natural categories differ from concept-identification tasks because

Bruner, Goodnow, and Austin proposed that people solve concept identification tasks by

Which type of water was judged to be most typical?

Which is most useful for predicting the typicalities of members in common taxonomic categories but not as useful in predicting typicalities in goal-driven categories?

Members of the same basic category

The concept identification paradigm has been criticized on the basis that

Discuss the major characteristics of natural categories. Include some empirical evidence in your response.

Concept identification has been thought of by some as being accomplished by evaluating hypotheses.

Basic-level categories are those that are at the bottom of the category hierarchy.

What are the benefits of forming cognitive categories? (Five were given in your text.)

Which consequence of categorization was not mentioned by Bruner, Goodnow, and Austin? Categorization

The diagnostic manual of the American Psychiatric Association distinguishes among different clinical categories by listing

Hierarchically organized concept categories are not representative of natural categories.

Introduction

Pattern Recognition

Attention

Short-Term Working Memory

Long-Term Memory

Memory Codes

Visual Images

Semantic Organization

Language

Comprehension and Memory for Text

Problem Solving

Expertise and Creativity

Decision Making

Filters

Exam 8: Categorization

A disadvantage of categorization is the creation of stereotypes by exaggerating

Compare and contrast the prototype model and the feature frequency model of category formation.

Real world (natural) categories can be characterized as

Stereotypes are based on

Why are concept-identification tasks more difficult to perform than tasks that provide disjunctive or conjunctive rules?

The finding that people rate some even numbers as better examples than other even numbers indicates that

Categorizing objects reduces the complexity of the environment.

Natural categories differ from concept-identification tasks because

Bruner, Goodnow, and Austin proposed that people solve concept identification tasks by

Which type of water was judged to be most typical?

Which is most useful for predicting the typicalities of members in common taxonomic categories but not as useful in predicting typicalities in goal-driven categories?

Members of the same basic category

The concept identification paradigm has been criticized on the basis that

Discuss the major characteristics of natural categories. Include some empirical evidence in your response.

Concept identification has been thought of by some as being accomplished by evaluating hypotheses.

Basic-level categories are those that are at the bottom of the category hierarchy.

What are the benefits of forming cognitive categories? (Five were given in your text.)

Which consequence of categorization was not mentioned by Bruner, Goodnow, and Austin? Categorization

The diagnostic manual of the American Psychiatric Association distinguishes among different clinical categories by listing

Hierarchically organized concept categories are not representative of natural categories.

Introduction

Pattern Recognition

Attention

Short-Term Working Memory

Long-Term Memory

Memory Codes

Visual Images

Semantic Organization

Language

Comprehension and Memory for Text

Problem Solving

Expertise and Creativity

Decision Making

Filters