Question 1

The sensory registers are limited to visual and auditory input.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Waugh and Norman's Short-Term Memory (STM) study separated the effects of decay from the effects of interference by independently manipulating

Accepted Answer

A) the number of intervening digits independently of the amount of time that elapsed between the digits. 
B) the intensity of the stimulus independently of its duration. 
C) the phonetic similarity of the digits independently of rehearsal time. 
D) the amount of study time independently of the retention interval. 
A) the number of intervening digits independently of the amount of time that elapsed between the digits. 
B) the intensity of the stimulus independently of its duration. 
C) the phonetic similarity of the digits independently of rehearsal time. 
D) the amount of study time independently of the retention interval. A

Question 3

'The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two' refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the capacity of short-term memory. 
B) our perceptual encoding capacity. 
C) the rate of transfer of information into long-term memory. 
D) None of these 
A) the capacity of short-term memory. 
B) our perceptual encoding capacity. 
C) the rate of transfer of information into long-term memory. 
D) None of these A

Question 4

The difference between master chess players and novice chess players viewing a chess board briefly is

Accepted Answer

A) a difference in the ability to memorize legal but not illegal chess positions. 
B) a difference in the ability to memorize legal and illegal chess positions. 
C) no difference in the ability to memorize chess positions. 
D) None of these 
A) a difference in the ability to memorize legal but not illegal chess positions. 
B) a difference in the ability to memorize legal and illegal chess positions. 
C) no difference in the ability to memorize chess positions. 
D) None of these

Question 5

Levy asked readers to count from 1 to 10 as they were reading in order to prevent

Accepted Answer

A) vocalization of the text. 
B) subvocalization of the text. 
C) involuntary attention. 
D) voluntary attention. 
A) vocalization of the text. 
B) subvocalization of the text. 
C) involuntary attention. 
D) voluntary attention.

Question 6

Subvocalization appears to be important

Accepted Answer

A) in facilitating recall of simple orally presented material. 
B) in facilitating recall of complex orally presented material. 
C) in facilitating recall of simple written material. 
D) in facilitating recall of complex written material. 
A) in facilitating recall of simple orally presented material. 
B) in facilitating recall of complex orally presented material. 
C) in facilitating recall of simple written material. 
D) in facilitating recall of complex written material.

Question 7

Discuss the limitations of short-term memory. What studies have demonstrated these limitations?

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory, also known as working

Question 8

The visual-spatial sketchpad is a component of sensory memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Waugh and Norman's (1965) probe digit study indicates support for _____ as the primary cause of forgetting.

Accepted Answer

A) decay theory 
B) interference theory 
C) lack of studying 
D) acoustic confusions 
A) decay theory 
B) interference theory 
C) lack of studying 
D) acoustic confusions

Question 10

Information flows from short-term memory into long-term memory and long-term into short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Old learning interfering with new learning is

Accepted Answer

A) retroactive interference. 
B) proactive interference. 
C) release from proactive interference. 
D) release from retroactive interference. 
A) retroactive interference. 
B) proactive interference. 
C) release from proactive interference. 
D) release from retroactive interference.

Question 12

Waugh and Norman used a probe memory scan task in which subjects recalled a test digit following a probe. They found that the probability of recalling the test digit was determined by

Accepted Answer

A) the rate of presentation, supporting an interference theory. 
B) the rate of presentation, supporting a decay theory. 
C) the number of interfering items, supporting an interference theory. 
D) the number of interfering items, supporting a decay theory. 
A) the rate of presentation, supporting an interference theory. 
B) the rate of presentation, supporting a decay theory. 
C) the number of interfering items, supporting an interference theory. 
D) the number of interfering items, supporting a decay theory.

Question 13

Limited capacity and rapid forgetting are two major distinguishing characteristics of short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

When presented with a memory set and then given a probe in Sternberg's (1966) study, the length of time it took subjects to respond whether the probe was in the memory set was linearly related to

Accepted Answer

A) the position of the probe in the memory set. 
B) their individual memory span. 
C) the rate of encoding. 
D) the size of the memory set. 
A) the position of the probe in the memory set. 
B) their individual memory span. 
C) the rate of encoding. 
D) the size of the memory set.

Question 15

Attention is not a part of traditional models of short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following is not a control process with short-tem memory as proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin?

Accepted Answer

A) rehearsal 
B) coding 
C) decisions 
D) identification 
A) rehearsal 
B) coding 
C) decisions 
D) identification

Question 17

Sternberg argued that people do not use a self-terminating search of STM because it takes too much time to

Accepted Answer

A) scan the memory set. 
B) check for matches. 
C) encode the test digit. 
D) respond after finding a match. 
A) scan the memory set. 
B) check for matches. 
C) encode the test digit. 
D) respond after finding a match.

Question 18

The tasks used to test Short-Term Memory (STM)

Accepted Answer

A) do not require simultaneously arriving information. 
B) do not present a perceptual overload. 
C) do not present the information so briefly as to make perception of them difficult. 
D) All of these 
A) do not require simultaneously arriving information. 
B) do not present a perceptual overload. 
C) do not present the information so briefly as to make perception of them difficult. 
D) All of these

Question 19

Information from short-term memory is lost within 20-30 seconds if not rehearsed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Short-term memory is searched in a self-terminating manner.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The sensory registers are limited to visual and auditory input.

Waugh and Norman's Short-Term Memory (STM) study separated the effects of decay from the effects of interference by independently manipulating

'The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two' refers to

The difference between master chess players and novice chess players viewing a chess board briefly is

Levy asked readers to count from 1 to 10 as they were reading in order to prevent

Subvocalization appears to be important

Discuss the limitations of short-term memory. What studies have demonstrated these limitations?

The visual-spatial sketchpad is a component of sensory memory.

Waugh and Norman's (1965) probe digit study indicates support for _____ as the primary cause of forgetting.

Information flows from short-term memory into long-term memory and long-term into short-term memory.

Old learning interfering with new learning is

Waugh and Norman used a probe memory scan task in which subjects recalled a test digit following a probe. They found that the probability of recalling the test digit was determined by

Limited capacity and rapid forgetting are two major distinguishing characteristics of short-term memory.

When presented with a memory set and then given a probe in Sternberg's (1966) study, the length of time it took subjects to respond whether the probe was in the memory set was linearly related to

Attention is not a part of traditional models of short-term memory.

Which of the following is not a control process with short-tem memory as proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin?

Sternberg argued that people do not use a self-terminating search of STM because it takes too much time to

The tasks used to test Short-Term Memory (STM)

Information from short-term memory is lost within 20-30 seconds if not rehearsed.

Short-term memory is searched in a self-terminating manner.

Introduction

Pattern Recognition

Attention

Long-Term Memory

Memory Codes

Visual Images

Categorization

Semantic Organization

Language

Comprehension and Memory for Text

Problem Solving

Expertise and Creativity

Decision Making

Filters

Exam 4: Short-Term Working Memory

The sensory registers are limited to visual and auditory input.

Waugh and Norman's Short-Term Memory (STM) study separated the effects of decay from the effects of interference by independently manipulating

'The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two' refers to

The difference between master chess players and novice chess players viewing a chess board briefly is

Levy asked readers to count from 1 to 10 as they were reading in order to prevent

Subvocalization appears to be important

Discuss the limitations of short-term memory. What studies have demonstrated these limitations?

The visual-spatial sketchpad is a component of sensory memory.

Waugh and Norman's (1965) probe digit study indicates support for _____ as the primary cause of forgetting.

Information flows from short-term memory into long-term memory and long-term into short-term memory.

Old learning interfering with new learning is

Waugh and Norman used a probe memory scan task in which subjects recalled a test digit following a probe. They found that the probability of recalling the test digit was determined by

Limited capacity and rapid forgetting are two major distinguishing characteristics of short-term memory.

When presented with a memory set and then given a probe in Sternberg's (1966) study, the length of time it took subjects to respond whether the probe was in the memory set was linearly related to

Attention is not a part of traditional models of short-term memory.

Which of the following is not a control process with short-tem memory as proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin?

Sternberg argued that people do not use a self-terminating search of STM because it takes too much time to

The tasks used to test Short-Term Memory (STM)

Information from short-term memory is lost within 20-30 seconds if not rehearsed.

Short-term memory is searched in a self-terminating manner.

Introduction

Pattern Recognition

Attention

Long-Term Memory

Memory Codes

Visual Images

Categorization

Semantic Organization

Language

Comprehension and Memory for Text

Problem Solving

Expertise and Creativity

Decision Making

Filters