Question 1

The multi-mode theory of attention proposed by Johnston and Heinz suggests that

Accepted Answer

A) there is no relation between the amount of required capacity and the stage at which selection occurs. 
B) the amount of required capacity is the same for an early and a late mode of selection. 
C) more capacity is required for an early mode of selection. 
D) more capacity is required for a late mode of selection. 
A) there is no relation between the amount of required capacity and the stage at which selection occurs. 
B) the amount of required capacity is the same for an early and a late mode of selection. 
C) more capacity is required for an early mode of selection. 
D) more capacity is required for a late mode of selection. D

Question 2

Early selection models are those in which the sensory store is the bottleneck for attention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

In which model does the bottleneck occur after the pattern recognition stage?

Accepted Answer

A) Deutsch/Norman model 
B) filter model 
C) attenuation model 
D) capacity model 
A) Deutsch/Norman model 
B) filter model 
C) attenuation model 
D) capacity model A

Question 4

Explain the Stroop effect. What does the Stroop effect tell us about reading? About automatic processing of information?

Accepted Answer

The Stroop effect is a psychological phe

Question 5

With respect to involuntary and voluntary capture of attention,

Accepted Answer

A) voluntary attention can influence involuntary attention. 
B) involuntary attention can influence voluntary attention. 
C) involuntary and voluntary attention never interact. 
D) None of these 
A) voluntary attention can influence involuntary attention. 
B) involuntary attention can influence voluntary attention. 
C) involuntary and voluntary attention never interact. 
D) None of these

Question 6

Automatic processing occurs without conscious awareness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Evidence for 'unitization' in perception includes Healy's finding that it is difficult to detect

Accepted Answer

A) frequently occurring letters. 
B) infrequently occurring letters. 
C) letters in frequently occurring words. 
D) letters in infrequently occurring words. 
A) frequently occurring letters. 
B) infrequently occurring letters. 
C) letters in frequently occurring words. 
D) letters in infrequently occurring words.

Question 8

Explain Hasher and Zacks's theory of automatic encoding. What are its implications for frequency information?

Accepted Answer

Hasher and Zacks's theory of automatic e

Question 9

Automatic processing can be a disadvantage when people

Accepted Answer

A) ride a bicycle. 
B) discriminate between unfamiliar letters. 
C) name the color of words (Stroop effect). 
D) fly jet aircraft. 
A) ride a bicycle. 
B) discriminate between unfamiliar letters. 
C) name the color of words (Stroop effect). 
D) fly jet aircraft.

Question 10

Which is not part of Triesman's model of attention?

Accepted Answer

A) dictionary 
B) selective filter 
C) allocation policy 
D) word threshold 
A) dictionary 
B) selective filter 
C) allocation policy 
D) word threshold

Question 11

Which model proposes that performance is limited by the extent to which two activities are similar and use the same information-processing stages?

Accepted Answer

A) a bottleneck model 
B) a capacity model 
C) both models 
D) neither model 
A) a bottleneck model 
B) a capacity model 
C) both models 
D) neither model

Question 12

Broadbent's filter model proposes that it is easier to report a message to one ear followed by the message to the other ear because

Accepted Answer

A) it is easier to organize memory according to where the information arrived. 
B) attention does not have to be continuously switched. 
C) reporting by ears requires less capacity. 
D) people have more practice in using that procedure. 
A) it is easier to organize memory according to where the information arrived. 
B) attention does not have to be continuously switched. 
C) reporting by ears requires less capacity. 
D) people have more practice in using that procedure.

Question 13

One of the problems for Broadbent's model of attention, but not Triesman's, is that

Accepted Answer

A) in shadowing tasks people reported hearing their names in the unattended channel. 
B) in shadowing tasks people reported only hearing the information from the attended ear. 
C) in shadowing tasks people could follow information from either ear. 
D) None of these 
A) in shadowing tasks people reported hearing their names in the unattended channel. 
B) in shadowing tasks people reported only hearing the information from the attended ear. 
C) in shadowing tasks people could follow information from either ear. 
D) None of these

Question 14

With respect to models of attention, which of the following does not belong?

Accepted Answer

A) filter model 
B) attenuation model 
C) selection model 
D) capacity model 
A) filter model 
B) attenuation model 
C) selection model 
D) capacity model

Question 15

In Kahneman's capacity model of attention, involuntary attention is controlled by

Accepted Answer

A) subliminal perception. 
B) momentary intentions. 
C) enduring dispositions. 
D) evaluation of demands. 
A) subliminal perception. 
B) momentary intentions. 
C) enduring dispositions. 
D) evaluation of demands.

Question 16

According to Posner and Snyder, a skill is automatic if it

Accepted Answer

A) occurs without intention. 
B) gives rise to conscious awareness. 
C) interferes with other mental activities. 
D) All of these 
A) occurs without intention. 
B) gives rise to conscious awareness. 
C) interferes with other mental activities. 
D) All of these

Question 17

Have you ever had the experience when you were driving home from work or school where you remember getting in the car but then the next thing you remember is getting out of the car? Use the concepts discussed in the chapter on attention to explain this phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

Yes, I have had that experience before.

Question 18

Incidental learning occurs only under conditions of attentional effort.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

With regard to Broadbent's model of attention, which of the following does not belong?

Accepted Answer

A) filter 
B) bottle-neck 
C) limited-capacity perceptual channel 
D) attenuation 
A) filter 
B) bottle-neck 
C) limited-capacity perceptual channel 
D) attenuation

Question 20

The main difference between early and late-selection models of attention is

Accepted Answer

A) where the bottleneck in information processing occurs. 
B) the role of the sensory store in information processing. 
C) the role of short-term memory in information processing. 
D) the role of long-term memory in information processing. 
A) where the bottleneck in information processing occurs. 
B) the role of the sensory store in information processing. 
C) the role of short-term memory in information processing. 
D) the role of long-term memory in information processing.

The multi-mode theory of attention proposed by Johnston and Heinz suggests that

Early selection models are those in which the sensory store is the bottleneck for attention.

In which model does the bottleneck occur after the pattern recognition stage?

Explain the Stroop effect. What does the Stroop effect tell us about reading? About automatic processing of information?

With respect to involuntary and voluntary capture of attention,

Automatic processing occurs without conscious awareness.

Evidence for 'unitization' in perception includes Healy's finding that it is difficult to detect

Explain Hasher and Zacks's theory of automatic encoding. What are its implications for frequency information?

Automatic processing can be a disadvantage when people

Which is not part of Triesman's model of attention?

Which model proposes that performance is limited by the extent to which two activities are similar and use the same information-processing stages?

Broadbent's filter model proposes that it is easier to report a message to one ear followed by the message to the other ear because

One of the problems for Broadbent's model of attention, but not Triesman's, is that

With respect to models of attention, which of the following does not belong?

In Kahneman's capacity model of attention, involuntary attention is controlled by

According to Posner and Snyder, a skill is automatic if it

Have you ever had the experience when you were driving home from work or school where you remember getting in the car but then the next thing you remember is getting out of the car? Use the concepts discussed in the chapter on attention to explain this phenomenon.

Incidental learning occurs only under conditions of attentional effort.

With regard to Broadbent's model of attention, which of the following does not belong?

The main difference between early and late-selection models of attention is

Introduction

Pattern Recognition

Short-Term Working Memory

Long-Term Memory

Memory Codes

Visual Images

Categorization

Semantic Organization

Language

Comprehension and Memory for Text

Problem Solving

Expertise and Creativity

Decision Making

Filters

Exam 3: Attention

The multi-mode theory of attention proposed by Johnston and Heinz suggests that

Early selection models are those in which the sensory store is the bottleneck for attention.

In which model does the bottleneck occur after the pattern recognition stage?

Explain the Stroop effect. What does the Stroop effect tell us about reading? About automatic processing of information?

With respect to involuntary and voluntary capture of attention,

Automatic processing occurs without conscious awareness.

Evidence for 'unitization' in perception includes Healy's finding that it is difficult to detect

Explain Hasher and Zacks's theory of automatic encoding. What are its implications for frequency information?

Automatic processing can be a disadvantage when people

Which is not part of Triesman's model of attention?

Which model proposes that performance is limited by the extent to which two activities are similar and use the same information-processing stages?

Broadbent's filter model proposes that it is easier to report a message to one ear followed by the message to the other ear because

One of the problems for Broadbent's model of attention, but not Triesman's, is that

With respect to models of attention, which of the following does not belong?

In Kahneman's capacity model of attention, involuntary attention is controlled by

According to Posner and Snyder, a skill is automatic if it

Have you ever had the experience when you were driving home from work or school where you remember getting in the car but then the next thing you remember is getting out of the car? Use the concepts discussed in the chapter on attention to explain this phenomenon.

Incidental learning occurs only under conditions of attentional effort.

With regard to Broadbent's model of attention, which of the following does not belong?

The main difference between early and late-selection models of attention is

Introduction

Pattern Recognition

Short-Term Working Memory

Long-Term Memory

Memory Codes

Visual Images

Categorization

Semantic Organization

Language

Comprehension and Memory for Text

Problem Solving

Expertise and Creativity

Decision Making

Filters