Question 1

Solving for a variety of unknowns, rather than a single unknown, encourages use of a _____ strategy.

Accepted Answer

A) subgoal 
B) means/end 
C) working forward 
D) balance 
A) subgoal 
B) means/end 
C) working forward 
D) balance C

Question 2

According to Ericsson and Charness, the two dominant approaches to the study of expertise are

Accepted Answer

A) the information processing approach and the associationist approach. 
B) the knowledge approach and the operational approach. 
C) the genetic approach and the environmental approach. 
D) the information processing approach and the ability approach. 
A) the information processing approach and the associationist approach. 
B) the knowledge approach and the operational approach. 
C) the genetic approach and the environmental approach. 
D) the information processing approach and the ability approach. D

Question 3

Which statement should be the easiest to evaluate if we use pragmatic reasoning schema?

Accepted Answer

A) If a bird builds its nest on the ground, then it has a red wing. 
B) If there is an A on one side, then there is a 2 on the other side. 
C) If an employee is injured, then the company must pay compensation. 
D) If we go to Birmingham, then we could go by train. 
A) If a bird builds its nest on the ground, then it has a red wing. 
B) If there is an A on one side, then there is a 2 on the other side. 
C) If an employee is injured, then the company must pay compensation. 
D) If we go to Birmingham, then we could go by train. C

Question 4

How are highly creative people's thought processes different from those of less-creative people? Which thought processes apply to you? Give a specific example.

Accepted Answer

Highly creative people's thought process

Question 5

Two examples of pragmatic reasoning schemata are permission schemata and request schema.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The Geneplore model might be criticized for ignoring

Accepted Answer

A) the generation of preinventive structures. 
B) the exploration of preinventive structures. 
C) product constraints. 
D) the effect of goals on guiding the initial generations. 
A) the generation of preinventive structures. 
B) the exploration of preinventive structures. 
C) product constraints. 
D) the effect of goals on guiding the initial generations.

Question 7

Sternberg (1998) lists several characteristics of expertise. Which is not one of those listed?

Accepted Answer

A) a strong need for recognition 
B) large, rich schemas with a great amount of declarative knowledge about the domain 
C) spending a greater portion of their time determining how to represent problems before searching for a solution 
D) having schemas that contain procedural knowledge about strategies for solving the problem 
A) a strong need for recognition 
B) large, rich schemas with a great amount of declarative knowledge about the domain 
C) spending a greater portion of their time determining how to represent problems before searching for a solution 
D) having schemas that contain procedural knowledge about strategies for solving the problem

Question 8

The name, Geneplore model, is based on the important role that _____ play(s) in the initial stages of invention.

Accepted Answer

A) genes 
B) generation 
C) genius 
D) genesis 
A) genes 
B) generation 
C) genius 
D) genesis

Question 9

In Anderson's ACT theory, procedural knowledge consists of a set of production rules. These generally take which of the following forms?

Accepted Answer

A) Test-Operate-Test-Exit 
B) Produce output, Assess impact, Revise plan, Produce new output 
C) If a condition is met, then perform the action. 
D) If an action occurs, then associate it with the stimulus that produced it. 
A) Test-Operate-Test-Exit 
B) Produce output, Assess impact, Revise plan, Produce new output 
C) If a condition is met, then perform the action. 
D) If an action occurs, then associate it with the stimulus that produced it.

Question 10

Discuss Sternberg's characteristics of expertise. Which of these do you use most often and find most helpful?

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's characteristics of expertise

Question 11

The findings from Silver's (1981) study of the categorization of math problems in seventh graders indicates

Accepted Answer

A) good math problem solvers categorized the problems on the basis of content. 
B) good math problem solvers categorized the problems on the basis of structure. 
C) good math problem solvers categorized the problems on the basis of familiarity. 
D) None of these 
A) good math problem solvers categorized the problems on the basis of content. 
B) good math problem solvers categorized the problems on the basis of structure. 
C) good math problem solvers categorized the problems on the basis of familiarity. 
D) None of these

Question 12

Discuss the following statement: Creativity can be thought of as a case of problem solving.

Accepted Answer

Creativity can indeed be thought of as a

Question 13

If told that there is a number on one side of a card and a letter on the other side, which of the cards (X, Y, 4, 5) must you turn over to evaluate the rule 'If there is X on one side of the card, then there is a 4 on the other side'?

Accepted Answer

A) X and Y 
B) X and 4 
C) X and 5 
D) X only 
A) X and Y 
B) X and 4 
C) X and 5 
D) X only

Question 14

Pragmatic reasoning schemata are

Accepted Answer

A) general knowledge structures that evaluate practical situations. 
B) specific knowledge structures that evaluate practical situations. 
C) general knowledge structures that contain sequences of events. 
D) specific knowledge structures that contain sequences of events. 
A) general knowledge structures that evaluate practical situations. 
B) specific knowledge structures that evaluate practical situations. 
C) general knowledge structures that contain sequences of events. 
D) specific knowledge structures that contain sequences of events.

Question 15

Which of the following is used in a rule-based system of reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A) symbol manipulation 
B) intuition 
C) similarity 
D) associations 
A) symbol manipulation 
B) intuition 
C) similarity 
D) associations

Question 16

Which statement best describes how problem-solving ability influences how seventh-grade students classify algebra word problems?

Accepted Answer

A) Good problem solvers use mathematical structure and poor problem solvers use story context. 
B) Good problem solvers use story context and poor problem solvers use mathematical structure. 
C) Both groups use mathematical structure. 
D) Both groups use story context. 
A) Good problem solvers use mathematical structure and poor problem solvers use story context. 
B) Good problem solvers use story context and poor problem solvers use mathematical structure. 
C) Both groups use mathematical structure. 
D) Both groups use story context.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a major stage in Gick's model of problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A) construct a representation 
B) search for a solution 
C) retrieve information from STM 
D) implement a solution 
A) construct a representation 
B) search for a solution 
C) retrieve information from STM 
D) implement a solution

Question 18

Our ability to reason and solve problems is influenced by all except

Accepted Answer

A) the familiarity of the material. 
B) how abstract the material is. 
C) expertise. 
D) the capacity of LTM. 
A) the familiarity of the material. 
B) how abstract the material is. 
C) expertise. 
D) the capacity of LTM.

Question 19

The two forms of reasoning in Sloman's dual process theory of reasoning are

Accepted Answer

A) associative reasoning and probabilistic reasoning. 
B) associative reasoning and rule-based reasoning. 
C) analogical reasoning and inductive reasoning. 
D) analogical reasoning and categorical reasoning. 
A) associative reasoning and probabilistic reasoning. 
B) associative reasoning and rule-based reasoning. 
C) analogical reasoning and inductive reasoning. 
D) analogical reasoning and categorical reasoning.

Question 20

In his study of how students solve motion problems, Sweller found that fewer steps were taken by

Accepted Answer

A) students in the goal group, who used a working forward strategy. 
B) students in the goal group, who used a means-end strategy. 
C) students in the nongoal group, who used a working forward strategy. 
D) students in the nongoal group, who used a means-end strategy. 
A) students in the goal group, who used a working forward strategy. 
B) students in the goal group, who used a means-end strategy. 
C) students in the nongoal group, who used a working forward strategy. 
D) students in the nongoal group, who used a means-end strategy.

Solving for a variety of unknowns, rather than a single unknown, encourages use of a _____ strategy.

According to Ericsson and Charness, the two dominant approaches to the study of expertise are

Which statement should be the easiest to evaluate if we use pragmatic reasoning schema?

How are highly creative people's thought processes different from those of less-creative people? Which thought processes apply to you? Give a specific example.

Two examples of pragmatic reasoning schemata are permission schemata and request schema.

The Geneplore model might be criticized for ignoring

Sternberg (1998) lists several characteristics of expertise. Which is not one of those listed?

The name, Geneplore model, is based on the important role that _____ play(s) in the initial stages of invention.

In Anderson's ACT theory, procedural knowledge consists of a set of production rules. These generally take which of the following forms?

Discuss Sternberg's characteristics of expertise. Which of these do you use most often and find most helpful?

The findings from Silver's (1981) study of the categorization of math problems in seventh graders indicates

Discuss the following statement: Creativity can be thought of as a case of problem solving.

If told that there is a number on one side of a card and a letter on the other side, which of the cards (X, Y, 4, 5) must you turn over to evaluate the rule 'If there is X on one side of the card, then there is a 4 on the other side'?

Pragmatic reasoning schemata are

Which of the following is used in a rule-based system of reasoning?

Which statement best describes how problem-solving ability influences how seventh-grade students classify algebra word problems?

Which of the following is not a major stage in Gick's model of problem solving?

Our ability to reason and solve problems is influenced by all except

The two forms of reasoning in Sloman's dual process theory of reasoning are

In his study of how students solve motion problems, Sweller found that fewer steps were taken by

Introduction

Pattern Recognition

Attention

Short-Term Working Memory

Long-Term Memory

Memory Codes

Visual Images

Categorization

Semantic Organization

Language

Comprehension and Memory for Text

Problem Solving

Decision Making

Filters

Exam 13: Expertise and Creativity

Solving for a variety of unknowns, rather than a single unknown, encourages use of a _____ strategy.

According to Ericsson and Charness, the two dominant approaches to the study of expertise are

Which statement should be the easiest to evaluate if we use pragmatic reasoning schema?

How are highly creative people's thought processes different from those of less-creative people? Which thought processes apply to you? Give a specific example.

Two examples of pragmatic reasoning schemata are permission schemata and request schema.

The Geneplore model might be criticized for ignoring

Sternberg (1998) lists several characteristics of expertise. Which is not one of those listed?

The name, Geneplore model, is based on the important role that _____ play(s) in the initial stages of invention.

In Anderson's ACT theory, procedural knowledge consists of a set of production rules. These generally take which of the following forms?

Discuss Sternberg's characteristics of expertise. Which of these do you use most often and find most helpful?

The findings from Silver's (1981) study of the categorization of math problems in seventh graders indicates

Discuss the following statement: Creativity can be thought of as a case of problem solving.

If told that there is a number on one side of a card and a letter on the other side, which of the cards (X, Y, 4, 5) must you turn over to evaluate the rule 'If there is X on one side of the card, then there is a 4 on the other side'?

Pragmatic reasoning schemata are

Which of the following is used in a rule-based system of reasoning?

Which statement best describes how problem-solving ability influences how seventh-grade students classify algebra word problems?

Which of the following is not a major stage in Gick's model of problem solving?

Our ability to reason and solve problems is influenced by all except

The two forms of reasoning in Sloman's dual process theory of reasoning are

In his study of how students solve motion problems, Sweller found that fewer steps were taken by

Introduction

Pattern Recognition

Attention

Short-Term Working Memory

Long-Term Memory

Memory Codes

Visual Images

Categorization

Semantic Organization

Language

Comprehension and Memory for Text

Problem Solving

Decision Making

Filters