Question 1

You are viewing an image from a microscope in which the specimens in the smear have more than one color. You are probably looking at

Accepted Answer

A)  a smear stained with a differential stain. 
B)  a specimen stained with various fluorescent molecules. 
C)  a scanning tunneling micrograph. 
D)  a specimen on a dark-field microscope. 
E)  either a specimen stained with a differential stain or fluorescent molecules. 
A)  a smear stained with a differential stain. 
B)  a specimen stained with various fluorescent molecules. 
C)  a scanning tunneling micrograph. 
D)  a specimen on a dark-field microscope. 
E)  either a specimen stained with a differential stain or fluorescent molecules.

Question 2

Which of the following is the best definition of "empty magnification"?

Accepted Answer

A)  An image is magnified so much resolution and contrast are lost. 
B)  A specimen is so lacking in color it cannot be observed on a light microscope. 
C)  A magnified specimen is so small it cannot be resolved on a light microscope. 
D)  The background on the field is almost totally black. 
E)  A magnified image has lots of empty space around a small object. 
A)  An image is magnified so much resolution and contrast are lost. 
B)  A specimen is so lacking in color it cannot be observed on a light microscope. 
C)  A magnified specimen is so small it cannot be resolved on a light microscope. 
D)  The background on the field is almost totally black. 
E)  A magnified image has lots of empty space around a small object.

Question 3

Gram staining of bacteria provides all the physical characterization necessary to identify bacterial species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Why have some microbiologists proposed using ribosomal RNA as the basis for defining bacterial species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosomal RNAs are highly conserved genetic sequences present in all prokaryotes. 
B)  the "interbreeding population" criterion does not apply to bacteria. 
C)  ribosomal RNA is the basis for domain assignment. 
D)  bacteria vary too little in their physical and biochemical traits. 
E)  bacteria are not interbreeding populations, and ribosomal RNAs are highly conserved genes present in all prokaryotes. 
A)  Ribosomal RNAs are highly conserved genetic sequences present in all prokaryotes. 
B)  the "interbreeding population" criterion does not apply to bacteria. 
C)  ribosomal RNA is the basis for domain assignment. 
D)  bacteria vary too little in their physical and biochemical traits. 
E)  bacteria are not interbreeding populations, and ribosomal RNAs are highly conserved genes present in all prokaryotes.

Question 5

Carl Woese and George Fox proposed the (phylum/domain/family), a taxon that contains multiple kingdoms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carl Woese and George Fox proposed the...

Question 6

Images of living specimens can be produced using atomic force microscopes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In a compound microscope, the lens that directs light into the eye is the (ocular/condenser/objective) lens.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a compound microscope, the lens that...

Question 8

Bacteria and many other microbes do not ________ and therefore do not fit Linneaus' definition species.

Accepted Answer

A)  reproduce sexually 
B)  have nuclei 
C)  exchange genetic material 
D)  have cytoplasmic membranes 
E)  reproduce asexually 
A)  reproduce sexually 
B)  have nuclei 
C)  exchange genetic material 
D)  have cytoplasmic membranes 
E)  reproduce asexually

Question 9

Specimens are prepared for ________ microscopy using electron-dense stains.

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic probe 
B)  bright-field 
C)  confocal 
D)  transmission electron 
E)  scanning tunneling 
A)  atomic probe 
B)  bright-field 
C)  confocal 
D)  transmission electron 
E)  scanning tunneling

Question 10

The endospore stain reveals internal structures within cells of the genera Bacillus and Clostridium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following is an incorrect pairing?

Accepted Answer

A)  magnification; refraction of radiation 
B)  contrast; staining techniques 
C)  numerical aperture; curved glass 
D)  dark field: high contrast 
E)  electron beams; shorter wavelength 
A)  magnification; refraction of radiation 
B)  contrast; staining techniques 
C)  numerical aperture; curved glass 
D)  dark field: high contrast 
E)  electron beams; shorter wavelength

Question 12

One-millionth of a meter is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  centimeter. 
B)  decimeter. 
C)  micrometer. 
D)  millimeter. 
E)  nanometer. 
A)  centimeter. 
B)  decimeter. 
C)  micrometer. 
D)  millimeter. 
E)  nanometer.

Question 13

Discuss the ways in which light rays can be manipulated to increase resolution and/or contrast.

Accepted Answer

Light rays can be manipulated to increas

Question 14

Carbolfuchsin is a dye used in ________ stain(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  the Gram 
B)  the endospore 
C)  the acid-fast 
D)  the flagellar 
E)  both the acid fast and flagellar 
A)  the Gram 
B)  the endospore 
C)  the acid-fast 
D)  the flagellar 
E)  both the acid fast and flagellar

Question 15

A virologist wants to observe the three-dimensional surface features of virus particles she is studying. Which of the following microscopes would be most useful for her observations?

Accepted Answer

A)  differential interference contrast 
B)  atomic force 
C)  scanning electron 
D)  transmission electron 
E)  atomic force or scanning electron 
A)  differential interference contrast 
B)  atomic force 
C)  scanning electron 
D)  transmission electron 
E)  atomic force or scanning electron

Question 16

A measurement of a microbe is reported as 1 × 10⁻⁶ m, also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  centimeters (cm). 
B)  millimeters (mm). 
C)  micrometers (μm). 
D)  nanometers (nm). 
E)  yards. 
A)  centimeters (cm). 
B)  millimeters (mm). 
C)  micrometers (μm). 
D)  nanometers (nm). 
E)  yards.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a genus name?

Accepted Answer

A)  it is usually an adjective. 
B)  it is written before the specific epithet. 
C)  it is always capitalized. 
D)  it is either underlined or in italics. 
E)  it is one of two names used to identify an organism. 
A)  it is usually an adjective. 
B)  it is written before the specific epithet. 
C)  it is always capitalized. 
D)  it is either underlined or in italics. 
E)  it is one of two names used to identify an organism.

Question 18

All of the following are types of light microscopes EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  fluorescent. 
B)  confocal. 
C)  phase-contrast. 
D)  scanning tunneling. 
E)  bright-field. 
A)  fluorescent. 
B)  confocal. 
C)  phase-contrast. 
D)  scanning tunneling. 
E)  bright-field.

Question 19

Compare and contrast the three domains identified by Woese and Fox: Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea.

Accepted Answer

With respect to cell type, organisms in

Question 20

Acidic dyes are commonly used for ________ stains.

Accepted Answer

A)  acid-fast 
B)  negative 
C)  flagellar 
D)  endospore 
E)  Gram 
A)  acid-fast 
B)  negative 
C)  flagellar 
D)  endospore 
E)  Gram

Exam 4: Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

You are viewing an image from a microscope in which the specimens in the smear have more than one color. You are probably looking at

Which of the following is the best definition of "empty magnification"?

Gram staining of bacteria provides all the physical characterization necessary to identify bacterial species.

Why have some microbiologists proposed using ribosomal RNA as the basis for defining bacterial species?

Carl Woese and George Fox proposed the (phylum/domain/family), a taxon that contains multiple kingdoms.

Images of living specimens can be produced using atomic force microscopes.

In a compound microscope, the lens that directs light into the eye is the (ocular/condenser/objective) lens.

Bacteria and many other microbes do not ________ and therefore do not fit Linneaus' definition species.

Specimens are prepared for ________ microscopy using electron-dense stains.

The endospore stain reveals internal structures within cells of the genera Bacillus and Clostridium.

Which of the following is an incorrect pairing?

One-millionth of a meter is called a

Discuss the ways in which light rays can be manipulated to increase resolution and/or contrast.

Carbolfuchsin is a dye used in ________ stain(s).

A virologist wants to observe the three-dimensional surface features of virus particles she is studying. Which of the following microscopes would be most useful for her observations?

A measurement of a microbe is reported as 1 × 10⁻⁶ m, also known as

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a genus name?

All of the following are types of light microscopes EXCEPT

Compare and contrast the three domains identified by Woese and Fox: Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea.

Acidic dyes are commonly used for ________ stains.

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System and Eyes

Microbial Cardiovascular and Systemic Diseases

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes

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