Question 1

All of the following are characteristic of the way in which children approaching adolescence describe themselves except

Accepted Answer

A) their thinking becomes more abstract. 
B) their thinking is ties to specific experiences. 
C) they define themselves in terms of psychological qualities. 
D) they define themselves in terms of things they like and personality characteristics. 
A) their thinking becomes more abstract. 
B) their thinking is ties to specific experiences. 
C) they define themselves in terms of psychological qualities. 
D) they define themselves in terms of things they like and personality characteristics.

Question 2

All of the following indices of self-awareness can be observed in humans late in the second year except

Accepted Answer

A) the use of personal pronouns: I, me, my, and mine. 
B) the display of self-conscious emotions such as embarrassment. 
C) the increasing differentiation of the sense of self. 
D) the display of new symbolic abilities. 
A) the use of personal pronouns: I, me, my, and mine. 
B) the display of self-conscious emotions such as embarrassment. 
C) the increasing differentiation of the sense of self. 
D) the display of new symbolic abilities.

Question 3

Children with permissive parents, who demand little of their children but frequently indulge them, are most likely to have

Accepted Answer

A) low levels of self-esteem. 
B) realistically high levels of self-esteem 
C) unrealistically high levels of self esteem 
D) a conflicted sense of self-esteem 
A) low levels of self-esteem. 
B) realistically high levels of self-esteem 
C) unrealistically high levels of self esteem 
D) a conflicted sense of self-esteem

Question 4

Human intellect evolved mainly for which of the following purposes?

Accepted Answer

A) to establish civilizations 
B) to make technological advances 
C) to solve social problems 
D) to preserve the species 
A) to establish civilizations 
B) to make technological advances 
C) to solve social problems 
D) to preserve the species

Question 5

Children are usually able to pass standard false-belief tasks by about what age?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 years 
B) 6 years 
C) 8 years 
D) 10 years 
A) 4 years 
B) 6 years 
C) 8 years 
D) 10 years

Question 6

Which of the following requires that the observer take the perspective of the model, understand the model's goal, and reproduce important portions of the model's behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) mimicry 
B) emulation 
C) imitative learning 
D) instructive learning 
A) mimicry 
B) emulation 
C) imitative learning 
D) instructive learning

Question 7

False-belief tasks assess the extent to which children understand that someone else can
believe something that is not true.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is not required of successful instructed learning?

Accepted Answer

A) The learner must understand the perspective of the teacher. 
B) The teacher must understand the perspective of the learner. 
C) The learner must direct his or her own behavior in the pursuit of some goal. 
D) The learner must see a successful condition and an unsuccessful condition. 
A) The learner must understand the perspective of the teacher. 
B) The teacher must understand the perspective of the learner. 
C) The learner must direct his or her own behavior in the pursuit of some goal. 
D) The learner must see a successful condition and an unsuccessful condition.

Question 9

Research has demonstrated that 8- to 11-year-old children who overestimated their capabilities

Accepted Answer

A) had better school performance than did less-optimistic children 
B) had worse school performance than did less-optimistic children 
C) had generally the same school performance than did less-optimistic children 
D) had more interest in school performance than did less-optimistic children 
A) had better school performance than did less-optimistic children 
B) had worse school performance than did less-optimistic children 
C) had generally the same school performance than did less-optimistic children 
D) had more interest in school performance than did less-optimistic children

Question 10

Which of the following is true of children, especially boys, who overestimated their physical abilities compared with their more accurate peers?

Accepted Answer

A) They were not as likely to be asked to engage in play. 
B) They were disciplined for misbehavior more often. 
C) They were more academically successful. 
D) They made more trips to the emergency room. 
A) They were not as likely to be asked to engage in play. 
B) They were disciplined for misbehavior more often. 
C) They were more academically successful. 
D) They made more trips to the emergency room.

Question 11

Which of the following is not one of the factors identified by Shaffer that influence an adolescent's identity formation?

Accepted Answer

A) athletic participation 
B) education 
C) relationship with parents 
D) cultural-historical influences 
A) athletic participation 
B) education 
C) relationship with parents 
D) cultural-historical influences

Question 12

Researchers have identified all of the following as categories of self-esteem for children in the third or fourth grade except

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral conduct. 
B) scholastic achievement. 
C) social competence. 
D) family status. 
A) behavioral conduct. 
B) scholastic achievement. 
C) social competence. 
D) family status.

Question 13

Preschool children's generally optimistic belief in their own abilities often

Accepted Answer

A) is accurate. 
B) is realistic. 
C) is unrealistic. 
D) is related to their interactions with peers. 
A) is accurate. 
B) is realistic. 
C) is unrealistic. 
D) is related to their interactions with peers.

Question 14

One negative consequences of adolescents' having a strong ethnic identity can be that doing well is school

Accepted Answer

A) is not viewed as being important to some ethnic groups. 
B) is harder for them to achieve. 
C) interferes with their responsibilities to their ethnic group. 
D) is viewed as a capitulation to the majority culture. 
A) is not viewed as being important to some ethnic groups. 
B) is harder for them to achieve. 
C) interferes with their responsibilities to their ethnic group. 
D) is viewed as a capitulation to the majority culture.

Question 15

Perspective taking begins to develop in infancy with

Accepted Answer

A) an imaginary audience. 
B) shared attention. 
C) sociodramatic play. 
D) perceptual centration. 
A) an imaginary audience. 
B) shared attention. 
C) sociodramatic play. 
D) perceptual centration.

Question 16

Over time, self-esteem

Accepted Answer

A) varies among domains. 
B) usually decreases into young adulthood. 
C) is separate from personality characteristics. 
D) have can some degree of heritability. 
A) varies among domains. 
B) usually decreases into young adulthood. 
C) is separate from personality characteristics. 
D) have can some degree of heritability.

Question 17

The evaluative component of the self that refers to the judgments people make of their general worth as a person and the feelings associated with those judgments is ____

Accepted Answer

A) self-efficacy. 
B) self-evaluation. 
C) self-esteem. 
D) self-concept. 
A) self-efficacy. 
B) self-evaluation. 
C) self-esteem. 
D) self-concept.

Question 18

The explicit self involves

Accepted Answer

A) a conscious awareness of the self. 
B) a realization that "I can cause things to happen." 
C) "the machinery of the self." 
D) the ability to make a distinction between the self and others. 
A) a conscious awareness of the self. 
B) a realization that "I can cause things to happen." 
C) "the machinery of the self." 
D) the ability to make a distinction between the self and others.

Question 19

The number of opposing attributes that adolescents use in describing themselves and the expression of dealing with this these opposing selves is partly a result of

Accepted Answer

A) a self-centered perspective. 
B) the belief that no one else is concerned with their feelings. 
C) a fractured sense of self. 
D) an inability to fit into any specific peer group. 
A) a self-centered perspective. 
B) the belief that no one else is concerned with their feelings. 
C) a fractured sense of self. 
D) an inability to fit into any specific peer group.

Question 20

Which of the following aspects of ethnic identity involves people knowing that they will always be a member of their ethnic group?

Accepted Answer

A) ethnic knowledge 
B) ethnic self-identification 
C) ethnic constancy 
D) ethnic feelings and preferences 
A) ethnic knowledge 
B) ethnic self-identification 
C) ethnic constancy 
D) ethnic feelings and preferences

All of the following are characteristic of the way in which children approaching adolescence describe themselves except

All of the following indices of self-awareness can be observed in humans late in the second year except

Children with permissive parents, who demand little of their children but frequently indulge them, are most likely to have

Human intellect evolved mainly for which of the following purposes?

Children are usually able to pass standard false-belief tasks by about what age?

Which of the following requires that the observer take the perspective of the model, understand the model's goal, and reproduce important portions of the model's behavior?

False-belief tasks assess the extent to which children understand that someone else can believe something that is not true.

Which of the following is not required of successful instructed learning?

Research has demonstrated that 8- to 11-year-old children who overestimated their capabilities

Which of the following is true of children, especially boys, who overestimated their physical abilities compared with their more accurate peers?

Which of the following is not one of the factors identified by Shaffer that influence an adolescent's identity formation?

Researchers have identified all of the following as categories of self-esteem for children in the third or fourth grade except

Preschool children's generally optimistic belief in their own abilities often

One negative consequences of adolescents' having a strong ethnic identity can be that doing well is school

Perspective taking begins to develop in infancy with

Over time, self-esteem

The evaluative component of the self that refers to the judgments people make of their general worth as a person and the feelings associated with those judgments is ____

The explicit self involves

The number of opposing attributes that adolescents use in describing themselves and the expression of dealing with this these opposing selves is partly a result of

Which of the following aspects of ethnic identity involves people knowing that they will always be a member of their ethnic group?

Introduction to Child and Adolescent Development

Theories and Contexts of Development

Genetics, Prenatal Development, and the Neonate

Physical Development

What Do Infants Know and When and How Do They Know It

The Symbolic Child: Piagets Theory and Beyond

Becoming Self-Directed Thinkers: Problem Solving and Memory

Language Development

Intelligence and School Achievement

Emotion, Temperament, and Personality Development

Attachment and Early Parent-Child Care

The Family and Other Contexts for Socialization

Competing and Cooperating With Peers

The Development of Sexuality and Gender Identity

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Exam 7: Understanding Self and Others

All of the following are characteristic of the way in which children approaching adolescence describe themselves except

All of the following indices of self-awareness can be observed in humans late in the second year except

Children with permissive parents, who demand little of their children but frequently indulge them, are most likely to have

Human intellect evolved mainly for which of the following purposes?

Children are usually able to pass standard false-belief tasks by about what age?

Which of the following requires that the observer take the perspective of the model, understand the model's goal, and reproduce important portions of the model's behavior?

False-belief tasks assess the extent to which children understand that someone else can believe something that is not true.

Which of the following is not required of successful instructed learning?

Research has demonstrated that 8- to 11-year-old children who overestimated their capabilities

Which of the following is true of children, especially boys, who overestimated their physical abilities compared with their more accurate peers?

Which of the following is not one of the factors identified by Shaffer that influence an adolescent's identity formation?

Researchers have identified all of the following as categories of self-esteem for children in the third or fourth grade except

Preschool children's generally optimistic belief in their own abilities often

One negative consequences of adolescents' having a strong ethnic identity can be that doing well is school

Perspective taking begins to develop in infancy with

Over time, self-esteem

The evaluative component of the self that refers to the judgments people make of their general worth as a person and the feelings associated with those judgments is ____

The explicit self involves

The number of opposing attributes that adolescents use in describing themselves and the expression of dealing with this these opposing selves is partly a result of

Which of the following aspects of ethnic identity involves people knowing that they will always be a member of their ethnic group?

Introduction to Child and Adolescent Development

Theories and Contexts of Development

Genetics, Prenatal Development, and the Neonate

Physical Development

What Do Infants Know and When and How Do They Know It

The Symbolic Child: Piagets Theory and Beyond

Becoming Self-Directed Thinkers: Problem Solving and Memory

Language Development

Intelligence and School Achievement

Emotion, Temperament, and Personality Development

Attachment and Early Parent-Child Care

The Family and Other Contexts for Socialization

Competing and Cooperating With Peers

The Development of Sexuality and Gender Identity

Filters